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21.
Hervé Chavanne Katia Parati Caterina Cambuli Rossana Capoferri Cristóbal Aguilera Jiménez Andrea Galli 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(4):577-590
In the absence of breeding strategy, natural spawning constitutes the breeding ground for fish farmers to empirically manage their commercial broodstock. In this context, we used six microsatellite markers to characterize the genetic pattern of six commercial seabream broodfish tanks having a common history spanning four generations. The progeny of one tank single‐day mass‐spawning event, reared in two different environments, was used to estimate the genetic parameters for body weight. Limited genetic differentiation was observed among broodfish groups. A panel of nine loci allowed us to unambiguously assign 95.4% of the offspring (1692) and identify 37 parents (65% of the total broodfish). The limited effective population size (Ne = 15.3) was due to the elevated variance of parental contributions and to broodfish failing to contribute to the progeny. The fluctuation of the allele frequency highlighted the risks of genetic drift and reduction in the heterozygosity in the next generations. Heritability for body weight was moderate at commercial size (0.40 ± 0.10) and the high genetic correlation at later stages laid the groundwork for precocious selection criteria for growth. The discussion opens on the opportunity to use mass spawning for selective breeding. 相似文献
22.
Eulogio Castro Enma Conde Andrés Moure Elena Falqué Cristóbal Cara Encarnación Ruiz Herminia Domínguez 《Wood Science and Technology》2008,42(7):579-592
The liquors from steam explosion of Olea europea wood carried out at temperatures in the range of 190–240°C were analysed for phenolic content, radical scavenging capacity
and reducing power. Increased ethyl acetate solubles (EAS) and phenolics [as Gallic Acid Equivalents, (GAE)] extraction yield
with increasing temperature were observed. At the higher temperature tested, up to 2.3 g EAS/100 g dry wood were obtained
with 0.7 g GAE/100 g dry wood. The purity of the phenolic extracts was independent of the temperature (30 g GAE/100 g EAS).
The lignin derived compounds increased steadily with temperature in the studied range, whereas the sugar decomposition products
showed a maximum at 230°C. The radical scavenging capacity was slightly higher for the samples produced at the lowest temperature,
and comparable to those of synthetic antioxidants. At 0.5 g/L the FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) and Trolox Equivalent
Antioxidant Activity (TEAC) values were equivalent to 1 and 2–3 mM ascorbic acid, respectively. EA extracts were less effective
than Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) for protecting the oxidation in emulsions. 相似文献
23.
Sánez Juan Froehner Sandro Hansel Fabrício Parron Lucilia Knapik Heloise Fernandes Cristóvão Rizzi Juliane 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2017,17(3):861-872
Journal of Soils and Sediments - Fecal sterols (FSs) and bile acids (BAs) are biomarkers that can be used to track sewage pollution. These biomarkers offer an alternative to microbiological... 相似文献
24.
Ion Cristóbal Paula González-Alonso Lina Daoud Esther Solano Blanca Torrejón Rebeca Manso Juan Madoz-Gúrpide Federico Rojo Jesús García-Foncillas 《Marine drugs》2015,13(6):3276-3286
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a tumor suppressor complex that has recently been reported as a novel and highly relevant molecular target in prostate cancer (PCa). However, its potential therapeutic value remains to be fully clarified. We treated PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines with the PP2A activators forskolin and FTY720 alone or combined with the PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid. We examined PP2A activity, cell growth, prostasphere formation, levels of PP2A phosphorylation, CIP2A and SET expression, and AKT and ERK activation. Interestingly, both forskolin and FTY720 dephosphorylated and activated PP2A, impairing proliferation and prostasphere formation and inducing changes in AKT and ERK phosphorylation. Moreover, FTY720 led to reduced CIP2A levels. Treatment with okadaic acid impaired PP2A activation thus demonstrating the antitumoral PP2A-dependent mechanism of action of both forskolin and FTY720. Levels of PP2A phosphorylation together with SET and CIP2A protein expression were studied in 24 PCa patients and both were associated with high Gleason scores and presence of metastatic disease. Altogether, our results suggest that PP2A inhibition could be involved in PCa progression, and the use of PP2A-activating drugs might represent a novel alternative therapeutic strategy for treating PCa patients. 相似文献
25.
Kraft NJ Comita LS Chase JM Sanders NJ Swenson NG Crist TO Stegen JC Vellend M Boyle B Anderson MJ Cornell HV Davies KF Freestone AL Inouye BD Harrison SP Myers JA 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6050):1755-1758
Understanding spatial variation in biodiversity along environmental gradients is a central theme in ecology. Differences in species compositional turnover among sites (β diversity) occurring along gradients are often used to infer variation in the processes structuring communities. Here, we show that sampling alone predicts changes in β diversity caused simply by changes in the sizes of species pools. For example, forest inventories sampled along latitudinal and elevational gradients show the well-documented pattern that β diversity is higher in the tropics and at low elevations. However, after correcting for variation in pooled species richness (γ diversity), these differences in β diversity disappear. Therefore, there is no need to invoke differences in the mechanisms of community assembly in temperate versus tropical systems to explain these global-scale patterns of β diversity. 相似文献
26.
Immune responses and gut morphology of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis,Kaup 1858) fed monospecies and multispecies probiotics 下载免费PDF全文
S. Batista M.A. Ramos S. Cunha R. Barros B. Cristóvão P. Rema M.A. Pires L.M.P. Valente R.O.A. Ozório 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2015,21(5):625-634
The current study aimed to determine the effects of dietary probiotic supplementation on growth, gut morphology and non‐specific immune parameters in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) juveniles during a 1‐month trial. Fish were fed for 1‐month two diets with 1.0 or 4.6 × 106 CFU kg?1) of probiotic A (Bacillus sp., Pediococcus sp., Enterococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp.) and two diets with 3.5 or 8.6 × 105 CFU kg?1 of probiotic B (Pediococcus acidilactici) and tested against an unsupplemented diet (control). Growth performance, as well as respiratory burst activity, nitric oxide (NO), alternative complement pathway (ACH50), lysozyme and peroxidase activities, was not affected by the dietary treatments. Probiotic supplementation tended to increased growth homogeneity between tanks having diet A1 the best possible alternative to decrease costs associated to size grading. Villous length and number of goblet cells of the anterior intestine did not vary among treatments. Muscle duodenal layer was significantly thicker in fish fed probiotic A compared to probiotic B, when included at the lowest level (A2 versus B2). The current study indicate that the use of the multispecies probiotic at 1.0 × 106 CFU kg?1 might enhance protection against pathogen outbreak and increase nutrient absorption, whereas at the highest concentration could reduced size dispersion among tanks. 相似文献
27.
Ana Luisa Cristóbal-Martínez María de Jesús Yáñez-Morales Roney Solano-Vidal Obdulia Segura-León Ana María Hernández-Anguiano 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2017,147(3):605-614
The aim of this study was to identify the Colletotrichum species associated with anthracnose symptoms in coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plantations in northern Puebla, Mexico. In 2013, five surveys were conducted in different production areas and at different altitudes. Symptomatic leaves, shoots, and ripe and unripe fruits of the coffee variety Red Caturra were collected. Isolates were obtained and the Colletotrichum species were identified morphologically and characterized by multilocus sequence analyses of the ACT, CAL, GAPDH, and TUB2 genes and the rDNA region. Additionally, pathogenicity tests were conducted using six isolates. We identified C. gigasporum, C. gloeosporioides, C. karstii (two isolates), C. siamense, and C. theobromicola. This is the first report of these five species infecting leaves of coffee. The symptoms caused by these species were characterized, but the species causing Coffee Berry Disease was not found. This is the first report of a complex of species affecting coffee plants in the same geographical area in Mexico, and suggests that other complexes of species may be important pathogens in coffee-producing areas elsewhere. 相似文献
28.
Leda Guzmán Cristóbal Balada Guillermo Flores Rocío Álvarez Marcela Knox Raúl Vinet José L. Martínez 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2018,73(3):235-240
Postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Evidence shows that high glucose generates oxidative stress and a pro-inflammatory state promoting the development of cardiovascular diseases. trans-Resveratrol (t-RV) has been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk. To determine whether t-RV acts as a protector against acute high glucose (AHG)-induced damage, two in vitro models, rat aortic rings (RAR) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were used. RAR pretreated with AHG (25 mM D-glucose) for 3 h dramatically decreased the endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) induced by acetylcholine in phenylephrine (PE)-precontracted vessels. However, coincubation with t-RV significantly mitigated the damage induced by AHG on EDR. Pretreatment with AHG did not affect the vasodilation induced by sodium nitroprusside. HUVEC treated with t-RV decreased cytotoxicity and reduced radical oxygen species production induced by AHG. Taken together, these results suggest that t-RV can mitigate the AHG-induced EDR damage through a mechanism involving ROS scavenging and probably an increase in the bioavailability of NO. 相似文献
29.
Abdallah Tageldein Mansour Liang Miao Cristóbal Espinosa José María García-Beltrán Diana C. Ceballos Francisco M. Ángeles Esteban 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2018,44(4):1223-1240
The effect of the dietary incorporation of drumstick, Moringa oleifera, leaf meal (MOL; 0, 5, 10 and 15%) on the growth, feed utilization, some skin mucus and systemic immune parameters and intestinal immune-related gene expression in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) specimens. The experiment lasted 4 weeks. The results revealed that MOL can be incorporated in S. aurata diet up to 10% with no significant negative effect on growth and feed utilization. However, there was a significant decrease with MOL at a level of 15% after 2 weeks of feeding. The systemic immune status of fish fed with the different levels of MOL showed an improvement in head kidney leucocyte phagocytosis, respiratory burst and peroxidase activities. Also, serum humoral components, including protease, ACH50 and lysozyme activities and IgM level, increased with MOL inclusion especially at the 5% level. MOL at 5% improved skin-mucosal immunity such as protease, antiprotease, peroxidase and lysozyme activities. Moreover, the feeding of MOL revealed an upregulation of the intestinal mucosal immunity genes (lyso and c3), tight junction proteins (occludin and zo-1) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (tgf-β) with a downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine (tnf-α). Therefore, it is recommended to incorporate MOL in S. aurata diets at a level of 5% for the best immune status or 10% for the high growth performance and acceptable immune surveillance. 相似文献
30.
Prats C El Korchi G Giralt M Cristòfol C Peña J Zorrilla I Saborit J Pérez B 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2005,28(6):525-530
A commercial doxycycline formulation was administered in drinking water to 12 pigs at the recommended dose of 10 mg/kg daily for 5 days. The mean plasma concentration at steady-state was 1.37 +/- 1.21 microg/mL, which was reached at 68 +/- 27.2 h postadministration. Absorption and elimination half-life values were 7.20 +/- 2.42 and 7.01 +/- 2.10 h, respectively. Most plasma concentrations during dosing were higher than the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) described for the main porcine bacterial pathogens of the respiratory tract (Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae). It is concluded that when pigs were treated with doxycycline in drinking water at the recommended rate, therapeutically effective concentrations were achieved throughout the treatment period, supporting the clinical use of this tetracycline in the control of respiratory infections. However, inter-animal differences were marked. 相似文献