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81.
Yu Takahashi Chiaki Muto Kohtaro Iseki Ken Naito Prakit Somta Muthaiyan Pandiyan Natesan Senthil Norihiko Tomooka 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2018,65(4):1109-1121
Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilcz.) is an important leguminous crop cultivated mainly in Asia. Its wild relatives are considered useful genetic resources for mungbean breeding. However, the taxonomic history of mungbean and its wild relatives is complicated and some confusion is still present in recent publications. In this study, we examined the rDNA-ITS sequences and morphological characteristics of 83 gene bank accessions closely related to mungbean. As a result, we classified the 83 accessions into five species and one unclassified accession. The proper taxon name for each species was determined (Vigna grandiflora (Prain) Tateishi et Maxted, Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, V. radiata, Vigna subramaniana (Babu ex Raizada) Raizada, and Vigna trinervia (Heyne ex Wight et Arn.) Tateishi et Maxted) based on a review of their taxonomic history and morphological comparisons between gene bank accessions and type specimens. A new taxonomic treatment is proposed and a morphological key has been prepared. In this treatment, Vigna radiata (L.) Wilcz. var. setulosa (Dalz.) Ohwi et Ohashi is treated as a synonym of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilcz. var. sublobata (Roxb.) Verdc., and Vigna hainiana Babu, Gopinathan et Sharma is a synonym of V. subramaniana. Accession ‘NI1135’ was revealed to be most closely related to, but is considerably differentiated from, mungbean (V. radiata) based on its rDNA-ITS sequences. It also has distinguishing morphological characters. Plants with similar morphologies and DNA profiles might be distributed in the Indian Himalaya. However, since only one accession is available at present, the taxonomic classification of ‘NI1135’ needs to be reconsidered in the future. 相似文献
82.
83.
Okabayashi T Hagiya J Tsuji M Ishihara C Satoh H Morita C 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(2):145-147
The first case of human babesiosis was reported in Japan. The epidemiology of this disease in Japanese nature remains unclear. In this study, 97 common field mice captured in Hokkaido, Japan, were examined. Blood specimens absorbed onto filter papers were eluted and tested by nested PCR using specific primers for the B. microti nuclear small subunit rRNA genome. Twenty-three percent (11/47) of Apodemus speciosus and four percent (2/50) of Clethrionomys rufocanus were positive. The 159-bp primary sequences of PCR products tested exhibited 97.5% and 96.8% homology with those of the human isolate in Japan and of U.S. strains of B. microti, respectively. 相似文献
84.
Iori Imazaki Hiromi Iizumi Kouji Ishikawa Masashi Sasahara Nobuko Yasuda Shinzo Koizumi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2006,72(5):292-300
Azoxystrobin was recently registered in Japan for the control of purple seed stain of soybean caused by Cercospora kikuchii, because the pathogen has developed resistance to thiophanate-methyl. To investigate the effects of these fungicides on the
frequency of C. kikuchii strains resistant to thiophanate-methyl and on the genotype structure of the population, we sowed purple-stained seeds, approximately
40% of which were infected with resistant strains, as inocula with asymptomatic seeds and applied thiophanate-methyl and azoxystrobin
during the reproductive growth of soybeans. The isolation frequency of resistant strains increased more than 99% by thiophanate-methyl
but was not significantly increased by azoxystrobin. In amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) DNA fingerprinting,
genotypic diversity was significantly decreased by thiophanate-methyl but was not affected by azoxystrobin. In addition, the
similarity of the AFLP genotype structure was increased by thiophanate-methyl but not by azoxystrobin. These results suggest
that thiophanate-methyl selectively inhibited the proliferation of sensitive strains, which resulted in a small number of
genotypes, most of which were resistant strains. Azoxystrobin was found to nonselectively inhibit proliferation of the pathogen,
which retained a large number of genotypes including thiophanate-methyl-sensitive or thiophanate-methyl-resistant strains
or both.
The nucleotide sequence data for the cytochrome b gene are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number
AB231863. 相似文献
85.
Taketo Ashizawa Kaoru Zenbayashi-Sawata Shinzo Koizumi 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2007,73(2):129-132
The vertical distribution of leaf blast lesions caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea was studied to estimate the degree of leaf blast suppression in rice multilines in experimental paddy fields for 4 years.
Leaf blast in 1 : 1 and 1 : 3 mixtures of susceptible rice cultivar Sasanishiki and its resistant near-isogenic line, Sasanishiki
BL7, developed slower than that in pure stands of Sasanishiki. The average distance of lesions on leaves from the ground in
the 1 : 3 mixtures was significantly lower than that in the pure stands at the end of leaf blast epidemics (at booting stage).
This result shows that the distribution of leaf blast lesions in the upper layer differs between the susceptible pure stands
and the 1 : 3 mixtures at the end of leaf blast epidemics. 相似文献
86.
Yasumitsu Uraki Junji Nemoto Kuniyoshi Yanaga Akio Koizumi Takuro Hirai 《Journal of Wood Science》2005,51(6):589-594
Board-shaped composites with medium density (MDF) were prepared from isolated lignins and waste newspaper, in addition to
preparation of the composites with high density (HB). The board properties of both composites concerning bending strength
and water resistance were improved by the addition of hardwood acetic acid lignin (HAL). The internal bond strength and water
resistance of MDF, in particular the degree of thickness swelling (TS), were also improved by prolonged molding time. Adding
inorganic salts contributed to the improvement of TS. The effect depended on the charge of the cation. Considering practical
utilization of lignin-based MDF as a structural material, its performance was evaluated by combination of the single-shear
test of nailed joints and the modulus of rigidity. As a result, this MDF had sufficient strength to be utilized as an internal
shear wall material. Therefore, lignin can be considered as an alternative to conventional adhesives for the production of
boards such as HB and MDF. 相似文献
87.
This paper presents a method for detecting gullet cracks in a bandsaw during sawing by monitoring burst-type acoustic emission (AE) signals with large amplitude. The amplitudes of the AE signal and profile height amplitude distributions based on roughness profiles of the sawn surface were compared for the bandsaw with and without gullet cracks. The amplitudes of the AE signal increased and the sawn surface quality became worse with the increased number of gullet cracks in the bandsaw. 相似文献
88.
Sika deer (Cervus nippon) sometimes cause extensive damage to planted tree seedlings. To evaluate the effects of culling on the spatial distribution patterns of sika deer and browse damage to planted seedlings, we compared the data collected before and after experimental culling in a cool, temperate, mixed forest on Kyushu Island, Japan. Experimental culling, conducted in an area of 1 km2, removed five, four and two sika deer in April, June and October 2011, respectively. During the year before culling, the spatial pattern of the number of sika deer caught on camera corresponded to the predicted sika deer density. Sika deer immediately browsed planted seedlings after the initial planting. The cumulative number of browsed seedlings increased over time, especially in winter. The spatial pattern of the cumulative number of sika deer caught on camera corresponded to that of browsed seedlings at the year’s end. During the year when culling was conducted, the number of sika deer caught on camera decreased around the center of the study site where the culling was conducted and the number of browsed seedlings decreased. During the year following culling, the cumulative number of browsed seedlings was very similar to that in the year before the culling, while the same low number of sika deer was caught on camera. These results indicate that the effects of deer culling resulted in decreased levels of sika deer appearance and browse damage for more than 1 year and for several months, respectively. 相似文献
89.
Novel tricyclic 3,3a,5,9b-tetrahydro-2H-furo[3,2-c][2]benzopyran (TFB) derivatives were synthesized, and their herbicidal activities were elucidated. They were synthesized from D-glucose as a natural chiral source. The formation of the TFB skeleton was achieved by a Friedel-Crafts type intramolecular cyclization of methyl 5-deoxy-2,3-O-dibenzyl-5-C-methyl-D-xylofranosides. The intramolecular cyclization was dependent upon the electronic effects of the substituents at the C-2 benzyloxy group of methyl xylofranosides. Some TFBs exhibited a remarkable herbicidal activity to annual paddy weeds, such as Echinochloa sp, without injury to the rice. 相似文献
90.
Sato C Kawase S Yano S Nagano H Fujimoto S Kobayashi N Miyahara K Yamada K Sato M Kobayashi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(1):133-135
A high prevalence of larval Echinococcus multilocularis (Em) infection was found in zoo primates in Hokkaido, Japan. In October 1997, a Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata) died and histopathologically diagnosed as alveolar hydatidosis. Serum samples were collected from the remaining Japanese monkeys and examined for antibodies against Em by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting. Serological tests showed 12 more animals of the remaining 57 monkeys were possibly infected. Ultrasonography revealed that nine of these 12 animals had a cystic lesion in the liver. The band patterns of western blotting in the monkeys were very similar to those in human. 相似文献