应用Sentinel-2A卫星遥感影像估测森林蓄积量

为了探讨应用Sentinel-2A遥感影像进行森林蓄积量估测的可行性,以内蒙古自治区某林业局的一类清查样地数据、二类调查小班数据、数字高程模型(DEM)以及林地数据为数据源,以遥感影像的波段灰度信息、比值波段及地形信息为自变量,采用k-近邻法(k-NN)、稳健估计及偏最小二乘估计等方法,分林型构建研究区域的森林蓄积量估测模型,从林业局、林场及小班尺度进行估测精度评价.结果表明:k-NN方法在林业局、林场和小班等3个尺度中的估测精度分别达到了97％、93.2％和83.6％,均表现出良好的估测效果;稳健估计法在3个尺度中的估测精度分别为89.3％、72.4％、69.3％;偏最小二估计法在3个尺度中的估测精度分别为85.7％、75.8％、71.7％.k-NN方法估测效果明显优于稳健估计方和偏最小二估计法,因此,Sentinel-2A遥感影像能够有效应用于森林蓄积量估测.     

基于Stewart平台的舰船运动模拟平台的轨迹研究

针对舰船运动模拟平台需要提供6个自由度的运动,提出设计一种舰船运动模拟平台并且将Stewart平台作为底座。为了模拟舰船在航行时波浪对其造成的影响,对上平台中心点处设定了相应的运动规律。首先建立Stewart平台的运动学模型进行运动学分析,然后编写Stewart平台运动学反解程序并在MATLAB中进行计算,综合运用SolidWorks、ADAMS两款软件搭建虚拟样机,将规划的上平台运动函数添加到ADAMS中虚拟样机中运行,验证该设计的可行性。利用在ADAMS中的控制模块,搭建PID控制系统,得到控制前后的平台相关部件的位移、速度情况。仿真结果表明,该舰船运动模拟平台设计正确,并且表明此PID控制可以对振动进行有效的抑制。     

Identification of Co-dominant SSR Markers Associated with Genes Controlling α′-and α-subunit-null β-conglycinin Phenotypes in Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.)

Studies have shown that the three subunits of β-conglycinin are the main potential allergens of soybean sensitive patients.And β-conglycinin has adverse effects on nutrition and food processing.So solation and production of lines with lower β-conglycinin content has been the focus of recent soybean breeding projects.Soybean lines with deficiency in one or all subunits of β-conglycinin have been obtained.An effective and rapid system to identify such mutations will facilitate genetic manipulation of the β-conglycinin subunit composition.Here,two segregating F_2 populations were developed from crosses between Cgy-1/cgy-1 (CC),an α′-lacking line (Δα′),and DongNong 47 (DN47),a wild-type (Wt) Chinese soybean cultivar with normal globulin components,and Cgy-2/cgy-2 (CB),an α-lacking line (Δα),and DN47.These populations were used to estimate linkage among the cgy-1 (conferring α′-null) and cgy-2 (α-null) loci and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers.Seven SSR markers (Sat_038,Satt243,Sat_307,Sat_109,Sat_231,Sat_108 and Sat_190) were determined to co-segregate with cgy-1,and six SSR markers (Satt650,Satt671,Sat_418,Sat_170,Satt292 and Sat_324) co-segregated with cgy-2.Linkage maps being composed of seven SSR markers and cgy-1 locus,and six SSR markers and the cgy-2 locus were then constructed.It assigned that the cgy-1 gene to chromosome 10 at a position between Sat_307 and Sat_231,and the cgy-2 gene to chromosome 20 at a position between Satt650 and Satt671.These markers should enable map-based cloning of the cgy-1 and cgy-2 genes.For different subunit-deficiency types[α′-null,α-null and (α′+α)-null types],the two sets of SSR markers could also detect of polymorphism between three normal cultivars and seven related mutant lines.The identification of these markers is great significance to the molecular marker-assisted breeding of soybean β-conglycinin subunits.     

Porcine circovirus type 2 decreases the infection and replication of attenuated classical swine fever virus in porcine alveolar macrophages

Recently, it has been noted that porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection adversely affects the protective efficacy of Lapinized Philippines Coronel (LPC) vaccine, an attenuated strain of classical swine fever virus (CSFV), in pigs. In order to investigate the possible mechanisms of the PCV2-derived interference, an in vitro model was established to study the interaction of LPC virus (LPCV) and PCV2 in porcine alveolar macrophages (AMs). The results showed that PCV2 reduced the LPCV infection in AMs and the levels of PCV2-derived interference were dose-dependent. The PCV2-derived interference also reduced the replication level of LPCV in AMs. The full-length PCV2 DNA and its fragment DNA C9 CpG-ODN were involved in the reduction of LPCV infection in AMs, whereas UV-inactivated PCV2 was not. In addition, a moderate negative correlation between the LPCV antigen-containing rate and IFN-γ production was observed, and had a dose-dependent trend with the level of PCV2-inoculation. The results of the present study may partially explain how PCV2 infection interferes with the efficacy of LPC vaccine.     

罗氏沼虾繁殖习性的研究

本文对罗氏沼虾的繁殖习性进行了较为详细地描述。性成熟的雌虾必须经过生殖蜕皮方可交配、产卵；受精卵粘附于腹肢刚毛上；在水温２４℃左右的条件下，幼体孵出约需２７天；性成熟雌虾能多次产卵。     

改良扑杀策略的意义、制定与实施

本文对世界动物卫生组织（OIE）改良扑杀的定义进行了介绍,并进行了释义;又通过对美国口蹄疫应急策略中的3种改良扑杀政策原则的分析,阐述了该决策的选择和实施中需要考虑的因素;通过解读澳大利亚兽医应急预案（AUSVETPLAN）疾病防控策略中3种不同动物疫情防控中改良扑杀策略,分析了疫情特点对策略的选择和实施的影响;通过介绍越南禽流感等典型的改良扑杀策略的应用实例,说明了改良细节所需保障措施;综上得出改良扑杀策略是疫情控制和根除的优选策略之一的结论,提出了我国制定和实施改良扑杀政策的建议。     

珠江卷口鱼年龄生长、食性和繁殖的研究

本文报道了珠江卷口鱼的年龄生长、食住和繁殖方面的研究结果。通过分析确定:卷口鱼的年龄级由I—IV龄鱼组成,各龄鱼分别占渔获物总量的42.21％、38.21％、19.21％和0.38％。用统计学方法,计算出卷口鱼体长与鳞长的相关式为:L=8 43.30R(r=0.9956);体长与体重的相关式为:W=8.226×10~(-3)L~(3.374)(Γ=0.9654)。对卷口鱼各种食物的组成、季节变化及出现率作了分析探讨。卷口鱼个体绝对怀卵量波动于7878—48880粒之间,平均22250.7粒。绝对怀卵量与体长和体重的相关式为:R=4.5419L~(3.6208)和R=40.88W 1209. 文中对卷口鱼的资源繁殖保护,网具使用和合理捕捞规格等问题进行了讨论。     

Breaking seasonal limitation: year-round sporogenesis in the brown alga Laminaria saccharina by blocking the transport of putative sporulation inhibitors

Year-round induction of sporogenesis of Laminaria saccharina was performed by mechanically blocking the transport of the putative sporulation inhibitors produced by the blade meristem and culturing the plants in constant short days. Sporogenesis was successfully induced by removal of the blade meristem, either by cultivating distal blade fragments or by performing a transverse cut in the frond. The earliest sorus formation after artificial induction was 10 days. The age of the sporophytes used for induction was 6–11 months or 2 years in tank-grown or field-collected sporophytes, respectively. Zoospores were successfully released in all cases. Thus, by year-round artificial induction of sporogenesis, (1) sporeling production of L. saccharina and thereafter sporophyte cultivation could be achieved without seasonal limitation, and (2) the life cycle of L. saccharina (from spore to spore) could be completed within 8 months under controlled conditions.     

冬季施肥引发死鱼浅析

商丘市梁园区李庄乡养殖户张某有一口11亩水面的鲤鱼精养池,自12月10日以来连续死鱼2000多公斤,12月22日前来治疗,根据其带来病鱼和池水所查验的结果,确定了治疗方案,经诊治,病情得到了控制,现总结如下: