我国牛源金黄色葡萄球菌耐药现状及药敏检测方法探讨

为调查我国牛源金黄色葡萄球菌的临床耐药现状,对2009年以来新疆、浙江、山东、内蒙古和上海五省区不同地方分离的120株金黄色葡萄球菌用纸片扩散法进行临床药敏试验。结果显示,新疆分离株对红霉素、克林霉素、青霉素、复方新诺明、多西环素、四环素耐药,22%的菌株对头孢西丁耐药,43%的对氯霉素耐药,64%的对环丙沙星耐药,58%的对庆大霉素耐药;其它4地区分离株耐药情况更为严重,除头孢西丁以外,对其它9种抗生素均耐药。对菌株的多重耐药情况分析发现,新疆分离株中对5种以上抗生素耐药的占86.1%,对10种抗生素完全耐药的占17.4%;而内地分离株的数据为100%和38.2%。此外,在试验中鉴定出33株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌,新疆19株,占新疆菌株的22.1%,内地四地区14株,占内地分离株的41.2%。结合2005~2009年间发表的相关耐药数据的分析结果,研究显示,我国牛源金黄色葡萄球菌呈现多重耐药,且出现了耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌,并在不同地区分离株中占有一定的比例;研究还发现,新疆分离株与浙江、山东、内蒙古和上海四地分离株的耐药情况有较大差异。此外,在整理药敏试验资料时,发现在金黄色葡萄球菌药敏试验中,药物的选择没有遵循选药规则,试验操作不规范和试验结果的报告不规范等问题,对此提出一些探讨性建议,供试验人员参考。     

不同颜色防虫网覆盖栽培对豇豆生长发育的影响

研究了不同颜色（白色、黑色、红色、蓝色、绿色、银灰色）防虫网覆盖对栽培豇豆生长发育的影响。从豇豆的生育期、株高、茎粗、叶面积及叶绿素含量指数、产量和病虫害等方面综合考虑,在三亚地区绿色防虫网是较适合豇豆栽培的覆盖材料。     

宁夏农业可持续发展评价及空间分异

农业是人类的衣食之源,生存之本,是国家向前发展的基石。因此,从多角度分析研究农业发展水平、空间分异,对区域农业可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。以宁夏回族自治区为例,从人口子系统、经济子系统、社会子系统、资源环境子系统等4个维度构建宁夏农业可持续发展评价指标体系,采用熵值法、综合加权求和模型、三维趋势分析、探索性空间数据分析(ESDAGIS)方法,研究了2010—2014年宁夏农业可持续发展。结果表明:总体上宁夏农业可持续发展水平处于波动上升的趋势,南北方向上递增,东西方向呈"倒U型"分布;农业可持续发展表现出空间自相关模式,主要集中在"高高型"和"低低型"象限,其中"高高型"主要分布在银川市、永宁县、平罗县等北部引黄灌区,"低低型"主要集中在南部山区和中部干旱带,根据不同的区域农业可持续发展状况提出相应的对策建议。     

Cloning of Buffalo AQP9 Gene and Analysing its Expression in the Buffalo Tissues

Cloning buffalo AQP9 gene and analyzing its expression in buffalo tissues.A pair of primers was designed according to the released bovine AQP9 sequences in GenBank,which was used to clone buffalo AQP9 gene.The AQP9 gene was amplified by RT-PCR,whose nucleotide sequence and protein structure were analyzed by bioinformatics methods.The expression of AQP9 in buffalo tissues was assayed by Real-time quantitative PCR.The expression of AQP9 gene in buffalo ovary and testis tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining method.The results showed that the cloned ORF length of buffalo AQP9 gene was 888 bp,which coded 295 amino acids.The results of multiple sequence comparison showed that the nucleotide sequence of buffalo AQP9 shared 99%,90%,97% and 88% homologeous compared with that of Bos taurus,Sus scrofa,Ovis ariessis and Homo sapiens,respectively,while shared 99%,86%,97%,83% homologeous for amino acids,respectively.Phylogenetic tree analysis indicated that AQP9 gene was highly conservative in the evolutionary process.Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that AQP9 gene expressed in buffalo liver,lung,brain,skin,testis and ovary tissues with different levels,had the most abundant expression in liver,followed by in skin and testis,less observed in lung and ovary.The results of immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of AQP9 protein varied with the development of buffalo ovarian tissue,and gradually enhanced with follicle development.In testicular tissue,AQP9 protein expressed in spermatocyte and leydig cells of developmental stage testis.These results indicated that we had successfully cloned buffalo AQP9 gene sequences.The expression and its function of AQP9 in buffalo ovaries and testes might play an important role in follicle development and spermatogenesis.     

落叶松播种苗使用钼酸铵根外追肥试验报告

通过对落叶松播种苗根外追施钼酸铵液，促进苗高，地径生长，较明显地提高了苗木整体质量，对苗木木质化和提高苗木对不良环境的抵抗力有着积极的促进作用。     

Research Progress on Rapid Serological Assays for Diagnosis of Japanese Encephalitis B

Japanese encephalitis B (JE) is a zoonosis caused by Japanese encephalitis virus which invades the central nervous system,infected by mosquito.Various animals could be the sower and reservoir of JE including swine,horse,cattle and avian.JE could cause a major public health trouble and a horrible crisis of the farm all in Asia and the Western Pacific region.Therefore,it is necessary to diagnose it rapidly and accurately.This review article made a sketch of approaches for the rapid serological assays of JE,including traditional method,emerging technologies and specific improvements of the assay,so as to provide references for the study of rapid,simple and accurate JE diagnose methods.     

Spatial-Temporal Changes in Grain Production,Consumption and Driving Mechanism in China

The spatial-temporal patterns of grain production and consumption have an important influence on the effective national grain supply on condition of tight balance in the total grain amount in China. In this paper, we analyze the spatial-temporal patterns of grain production, consumption and the driving mechanism for their evolution processes in China. The results indicate that both gravity centers of grain production and consumption in China moved toward the northern and eastern regions, almost in the same direction. The coordination of grain production and consumption increased slightly from 1995 to 2007 but decreased from 2000 to 2007. There is a spatial difference between the major districts of output increase and the strong growth potential in grain consumption, which indicates an increasing difficulty in improving the regional coordination of grain production and consumption. The movement of the gravity center of grain production is significantly correlated with regional differences in grain production policy, different economic development models, and spatial disparity of land and water resource use. For grain consumption, the main driving factors include rapid urbanization, the upgrade of food consumption structure, and distribution of food industries.     

利用髙稳系数法分析夏大豆品种的高产稳产性

利用髙稳系数法（HSC法）,对2011～2012年参加国家大豆品种区域试验的材料进行了高产性和稳产性分析。结果表明：产量最高的中黄41稳定性较差,仅适宜在高产地区如北京、天津和山东等地种植;中作05-15、中黄39和冀06B9高产性和稳定性均较好,可在生产上推广应用;中作017020、汾9877-10和中黄30产量均     

纤维素酶产生菌黑曲霉X-15的选育及其产酶条件

突变型黑曲霉（Ａｓｐｅｒｇｉｌｌｒｓ ｎｉｇｅｒ）Ｍ００１分别经紫外线（ＵＶ）、亚消基胍（ＮＴＧ）、ＴＤＰ辐射仪及空间微重力辐射（ＳＣ）等因素的多级循环处理，得到１株形态发生改变的变异菌株Ｘ－１５。其固体培养纤维素酶的滤纸分解酶活力（ＦＰＡ）为１９Ｕ／g，羟甲基纤维素酶（ＣＭＣａｓｅ）活力为４５３Ｕ／g，β－葡萄糖苷酶（β－ｇｌｕａｓｅ）活力为１５４Ｕ／g，与出发菌株Ｍ００１相比，分别为其２．８倍、     

水处理设备的单片微机控制器

介绍了用 89C2 0 51单片机系统对水处理设备工作的控制 ,使水处理设备能全面、可靠、无人值守地工作 ,达到智能的档次 .文中描述了水处理设备控制器的软件设计和硬件设计