甘肃省畜牧兽医研究所前所长、《甘肃畜牧兽医》副主编董承庄同志逝世

甘肃省畜牧兽医研究所前所长、《甘肃畜牧兽医》副主编董承庄同志在3月24日上午植树劳动中突发急性心肌梗塞,经抢救医治无效,于下午7时30分逝世,享年67岁。董承庄同志1917年2月出生于山西省祁县塔寺村,1944年毕业于山西铭贤学院畜牧系,解放前先后在重庆、西安等奶牛场任技师,解     

Hierarchical Bayes multiple-breed inference with an application to genetic evaluation of a Nelore-Hereford population

The primary objective of this study was to demonstrate the utility of a hierarchical Bayes implementation of a multiple-breed animal model (MBAM) to estimate breed composition means and additive genetic variances as well as on variances due to the segregation between breeds. The MBAM and a conventional animal model (AM) were both applied to five simulated data sets derived from each of two different populations. Population I consisted of crosses between two breeds having a twofold difference in genetic variance and a nonzero segregation variance. Population II had the same population structure as Population I, except that the two breeds had the same genetic variance with no segregation variance; that is, Population II was essentially single breed in its genetic architecture. For Population I, posterior means of all variance components obtained by MBAM were unbiased, with 95% posterior probability intervals (PPI) having the expected coverage based on five replicates. The MBAM showed a slightly superior performance over the AM for genetic predictions in Population I, although there was no evidence that the use of the MBAM translated into greater genetic gains relative to the use of the AM. Nevertheless, the MBAM was clearly demonstrated to have superior fit to the data using pseudo-Bayes factors (PBF) as the basis for model choice. As expected, the MBAM and AM performed equally well in Population II. A data set consisting of 22,717 postweaning gain (PWG) records of a Nelore-Hereford population (40,082 animals in the pedigree) also was analyzed. The MBAM inference on Nelore and Hereford additive heritabilities (h2A) substantially differed. Herefords had a posterior mean h2A of 0.20 with a 95% PPI of 0.15 to 0.25, whereas the corresponding values for the Nelores were 0.07 and 0.04 to 0.11, respectively. The posterior mean genetic variance due to the segregation between these breeds was 8.4 kg2, with a 95% PPI of 2.3 to 24.8 kg2, and represented 35.4% of the Nelore but only 9.9% of the Hereford posterior mean genetic variance. The posterior mean h2A using the AM was 0.15, presumed common across the two breeds, with a 95% PPI of 0.11 to 0.19. The PBF heavily favored the MBAM over the AM for the PWG data. Accordingly, the MBAM represents a viable alternative to AM for multiple-breed genetic evaluations, providing the necessary flexibility in modeling heteroskedastic genetic variances of breed composition groups.     

植物光合作用增效剂对水稻产量影响的初步研究

提高粮食产量是我国农业生产的最主要目标。而增加作物的光合效率是提高作物产量的重要途径。植物光合生物增效剂在水稻上的应用表明,齐穗期倒一、二、三叶的光合效率分别比对照增加2．5％、2．7％、2．9％。齐穗后10d和后20d分别比对照增加2．1％、2．2％、5．9％和4．8％、3．2％、4．2％：实测和理论产量分别比对照增加了5．4％和3．9％。     

Molecular mimicry regulates ABA signaling by SnRK2 kinases and PP2C phosphatases

Abscisic acid (ABA) is an essential hormone for plants to survive environmental stresses. At the center of the ABA signaling network is a subfamily of type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), which form exclusive interactions with ABA receptors and subfamily 2 Snfl-related kinase (SnRK2s). Here, we report a SnRK2-PP2C complex structure, which reveals marked similarity in PP2C recognition by SnRK2 and ABA receptors. In the complex, the kinase activation loop docks into the active site of PP2C, while the conserved ABA-sensing tryptophan of PP2C inserts into the kinase catalytic cleft, thus mimicking receptor-PP2C interactions. These structural results provide a simple mechanism that directly couples ABA binding to SnRK2 kinase activation and highlight a new paradigm of kinase-phosphatase regulation through mutual packing of their catalytic sites.     

基于SSR标记的山西省辽东栎自然居群遗传多样性分析

利用SSR分子标记对山西省8个辽东栎天然群体进行遗传多样性分析,并与北京东灵山小龙门林场群体进行地理距离和遗传距离相关关系的对比分析,旨在为辽东栎遗传多样性保护提供一定的依据。研究使用11对SSR引物进行遗传多样性分析,得到平均等位基因数为10.272 7,平均有效等位基因数为5.185 9;得出山西省辽东栎群体的平均期望杂合度为0.753 8,Nei多样性指数为0.752 1,Shannon多样性指数为1.754 3。这一结果表明辽东栎的遗传多样性水平是相对较高的。研究还表明,辽东栎群体的绝大部分遗传变异是发生在群体内的（95.99%）,仅有4.01%的遗传变异发生在群体间,并且遗传距离和地理距离之间具有显著的正相关关系（r=0.752 2,P0.05）。      

浅谈布鲁氏菌病的传播与综合防治措施

1病原体布鲁氏菌病是一种人畜共患慢性传染病,呈地方性流行。它分为牛、羊、猪3个类型。布鲁氏菌是微小无动力的杆菌或短杆菌,对各种物理和化学因子比较敏感。70℃10min可杀死,高压消毒瞬间即亡。但对寒冷抵抗力较强,低温条件下可存活一个月左右。常用消毒剂数分钟即可杀死。     

探析如何强化人民法院司法警察的警务保障职能

随着人民法院规范化建设的不断深入,司法警察的作用也日益明显,但相关法律条文规定的模糊及司法实践中存在的诸多问题,制约和影响了人民法院司法警察警务保障能力的发挥。本文通过分析现实中存在的问题,就如何强化人民法院司法警察的警务保障职能提出了解决之道。     

贵州地区水稻种植及施肥技术

正随着科学技术快速发展,我国水稻种植技术水平和施肥技术水平不断提升,作为水稻种植大国,水稻生产经济对于社会经济发展起着不容忽视的重要作用,现如今,水稻种植要以发展绿色、稳产、高产、高质为主要目的。本文主要针对我国贵州惠水县多年水稻种植技术与施肥技术方面的     

交变荷载下木构件增强端部钉节点抗剪性能

为克服木构件端部易开裂、力学性能差等不足,采用粉状碳纤维对木材端面进行增强处理,研究了木构件增强后端部钉节点在交变荷载下的受剪性能。结果表明:在单调荷载下,碳纤维增强后的水曲柳和落叶松木材端部钉节点抗剪力得到大幅改善,分别提高102.54%和78.23%;交变荷载能加速木构件端部钉节点损伤进程,交变荷载频率及荷载变化幅度是影响钉节点抗剪性能的主要因素;不同树种及不同端面钉节点剪切位移增量差异明显,剪切位移增量可用作评价交变荷载下钉节点抗剪性能优劣的参数;增强端面钉节点剪切破坏模式主要表现为钉孔边缘碳纤维涂层出现局部变形及钉剪切变形。增强后的水曲柳及落叶松木构件端面具有更优异的抗疲劳及蠕变性能,可应用于木结构工程。