广西能源木薯可持续发展的优势、问题和对策

在评估了广西发展能源木薯优势的基础上,从政策、品种、耕种措施和市场风险等角度分析了广西木薯可持续发展存在的问题,并提出了相应的解决对策。     

Maternal Administration of GHRP-6-loaded PLGA-PEG-PLGA Thermosensitive Hydrogel Increases Growth and Vitality of Piglets

Both growth hormone-releasing peptide 6 (GHRP-6) and growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) have potent GH-releasing activity in animals.We have previously demonstrated that the administration of a plasmid encoding the GHRH gene to pregnant mice and pig augmented long-term growth in first generation progeny,and that the administration of GHRP-6 results in growth augmentation in mice and rabbits.However,it has not yet been reported if GHRP-6 induces intergenerational growth effects in pigs.Ploy lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microsphere adsorption of treatment proteins enhances gene expression,genetic immunization and the ability to protect plasmid DNA and peptides from degradation.The current study was conducted to determine the growth performance of piglets born to gilts treated with GHRP-6 incorporated into thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymers.Gilts were injected intra-muscularly once at day 85 of gestation with 30 mg of GHRP-6-loaded thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA triblock copolymers.Piglets were weighed periodically between birth and 28 days.Mean body weights of piglets born to GHRP-6-treated gilts were 6.58％ to 18.89％ (P ＜ 0.05 ) greater than those of piglets born to control gilts.This study confirms that enhanced maternal GHRP-6 mediated by thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA can augment growth of piglets.     

土壤微生物生态学在农业中的应用研究综述

土壤微生物生态学是陆地生态系统研究中最重要的组成部分,是土壤学、微生物学和生态学相互渗透、相互结合的一门新兴学科。本文从研究方法、农业施肥、农业种植制度、生态防治及应用展望等方面对土壤微生物生态学的应用研究现状作了综述,加强土壤微生物生态学在农作物生长和调控应用等领域的研究具有巨大的潜在应用前景和重要意义。     

大棚型日光温室设计及光效应初探

大棚型温室是针对目前北方高寒地区日光温室春夏秋主要生产季节光照条件差的问题而设计的。通过实验测试、分析及建造成本比较认为：大棚型温室的建造成本比土打墙日光温室稍高，而显著低于砖墙日光温室。大棚型温室内光照条件在5、6、7月份，无论晴天还是阴天均优于日光温室，特别在温室的北部表现更为突出。良好的光照条件为温室高产、优质奠定了基础。     

枸杞间作耐盐作物种植模式的昆虫多样性特征

旨在揭示枸杞间作耐盐植物的生态调控作用。采用枸杞带间作大葱、油葵和玉米的生态种植模式,分析枸杞园昆虫的物种丰富度、种群密度、发生指数、多样性指数、植被盖度和景观多样性。结果表明:相对于枸杞连片种植,枸杞和油葵的行间间作可以降低害虫发生的丰富度,但对木虱和瘿螨的防治效果较差;枸杞和大葱间作具有降低害虫密度的作用,有利于形成较稳定的群落结构,昆虫多样性指数最高;枸杞和玉米间作具有降低虫口密度和害虫发生的丰富度;间作模式的植被盖度、基盖度和景观多样性均高于枸杞连片种植,其中盖度提高10%~34%,基盖度提高0.49‰~0.92‰,景观多样性提高0.14~0.26。因此,枸杞与大葱和玉米间作,具有很好的调控枸杞带中昆虫多样性的作用。     

藤牧一号苹果引种栽培试验

藤牧一号（Mato）又名＂南部魁＂,是美国PURDUE等3所大学联合育成的早熟苹果品种,20世纪70年代末引入日本,获专利生产繁育权,1986年从日本引入我国山东栽培,1998年获山东省品种审定.目前在山西、河南、辽宁、安徽、湖北、四川、云南等省有引种栽培,商品名＂巨森＂、＂南明星＂、＂南方苹果＂等,普遍反映良好,是公认的早熟优良苹果品种.     

Influence of mitochondrial deficiency on expression of microtubule-associated proteins in primary cultured hippocampal neurons of neonatal rats

AIM: In order to study the relationship between mitochondrial deficiency and Alzheimer's disease(AD), we used sodium azide, a specific inhibitor of cytochrome C oxidase (COX), to develop a cell model of mitochondrial complex IV deficiency and investigated the impairment of microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins. METHODS: Primary cultured hippocampal neurons of hewborn rats were exposed to sodium azidethen cell viability was measured by MTT method; cell morphology, immunofluorecence-stained cellular microtubules and microtubule-associated proteins were observed by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: Primary cultured hippocampal neurons were exposed to 8-128 mmol/L sodium azide for 3-24 h, MTT absorbance decreased dose-and time-dependently. Exposed to 64 mmol/L sodium azide for 6 h, the processes of cells retracted, synapses disappeared, axons were shortened under contrast microscope. Meanwhile, microtubles were disassembled and became disorderly, the expression of microtubule-associated proteins were also reduced especially in the processes observed by confocal microscopy. CONCLUSION: Sodium azide inhibits the assembly and polymerization of tubulin in microtubules which may be reduced by low expression of microtubule-associated proteins in nerve cells. The damage of axons induced by microtubule collapse further blocks the intercellular signal transduction and intracellular material transportation which are important causes in cell death.     

芽变新品种彩虹桃的主要性状及栽培技术

彩虹桃是利用贵阳市永乐乡农家栽培的燕红桃晚熟芽变选育而成的优质晚熟桃新品种,2011年6月通过贵州省农作物品种审定委员会审定。果实8月中旬成熟,比燕红桃晚熟20d,果实发育期约140d;平均单果重296g,最大单果重472.5g;果实扁圆形,果顶略凹陷,果实缝合线凸出成暗红色一线,两半部对称,果实底色黄绿、果面着色70%以上;果肉绿白色,肉质细嫩,近核处有放射状红色条纹,半离核;可溶性固形物14%。产量与燕红桃相当。     

无锡市不同土地利用类型非点源污染负荷变化分析

以非点源污染严重的无锡市为研究区,在RS和GIS技术的支持下,采用SCS曲线方程和USLE方程估算了不同土地利用类型的非点源污染负荷,进而分析不同土地利用类型变化带来的非点源污染负荷贡献率的变化.结果表明:①无锡市2000 ～2008年总氮(TN)负荷增幅为4.75％,总磷(TP)负荷增幅为3.28％.②不同土地利用类型对非点源污染负荷总量和单位面积的贡献率存在差异,农用地和建设用地对污染负荷贡献率均在90％以上;从单位面积污染贡献上看,对TN贡献率较大的土地利用类型依次为农村建设用地、农用地及城镇建设用地,对TP贡献率较大的土地利用类型依次为农村建设用地、农用地和林地.③不同土地利用类型对非点源污染负荷的贡献率也在发生变化,城镇建设用地对TN和TP的贡献率变化最为突出,分别上升了21％和17.4％;农村建设用地的TN和TP贡献率分别下降了22.3％和19.9％;农用地贡献略为减少;林地、荒地和水域贡献率略为上升.     

口服福尔马林对绵羊瘤胃微生物群落和瘤胃代谢的影响

选取4只1.5岁龄,体重约45kg,装置了永久性瘤胃瘘管的小尾寒羊公羊,研究两种日粮条件下口服福尔马林(0.9mL/kg日粮,干物质计)对绵羊瘤胃微生物区系和代谢的影响。结果表明,粗料型日粮条件下,对照期和试验期绵羊自由采食量分别为(1188.9±168.3),(1520.3±245.1)g/d(P<0.01);瘤胃液原虫总数分别为(8.24×105±1.74×105),(5.75×105±0.64×105)CFU/mL(P<0.05);细菌总数分别为(127.20×109±13.40×109),(181.10×109±38.10×109)CFU/mL(P<0.05);总挥发脂肪酸分别为(78.60±3.50),(89.60±4.95)mmol/L(P<0.05);氨态氮浓度分别为(20.70±10.70),(16.10±8.84)mg/100mL(P<0.05);甲醛浓度分别为(23.00±1.80),(41.00±1.46)mg/L(P<0.01)。精料型日粮条件下,对照期和试验期绵羊自由采食量分别为(2037.1±299.3),(2160.5±437.6)g/d(P>0.05);瘤胃液原虫总数分别为(12.40×105±2.61×105),(5.63×105±1.87×105)CFU/mL(P<0.05);细菌总数分别为(120.70×109±25.20×109)CFU/mL,(196.30×109±78.90×109)CFU/mL(P<0.05);总挥发性酸分别为(112.90±5.78),(117.20±3.09)mmol/L(P>0.05);氨态氮浓度分别为(14.30±1.44),(14.3±2.05)mg/100mL(P>0.05);甲醛浓度分别为(23.33±1.38),(32.70±2.88)mg/L(P<0.05)。研究表明,绵羊口服福尔马林(0.9mL/kg日粮)后自由采食量增加,瘤胃液原虫数量减少,但细菌总数增加(除大杆菌外);绵羊口服福尔马林后提高瘤胃液挥发性脂肪酸浓度和降低氨态氮浓度的作用方面粗料型日粮强于精料型日粮;绵羊瘤胃中天然有甲醛存在,绵羊口服福尔马林后则浓度升高。