封杀“入侵者”——国家林业局通报最新外来有害物种防止情况

10月24日，国家林业局召开新闻发布会通报最新外来入侵有害物种刺桐姬小蜂疫情在我国深圳、海南、福建等地发生及防治情况。据国家林业局植树造林司司长魏殿生介绍，刺桐姬小蜂属植食性昆虫，繁殖能力强，生活周期短，1个世代大约1个月左右，1年可发生多代，是2004年定名的新种害虫，主要分布在毛里求斯、夏威夷等地，在我国大陆是新记录。     

简易装卸设备

本文介绍如何拆下集材拖拉机搭载板，安装架杆，利用绞盘机、钢索及架杆滑轮装卸货物。此装卸设备对缓解当前伐区众多分散小型山楞原木装车的困难局面，具有实际指导意义。     

自然保护区生态旅游总体规划理念的探讨

自然保护区生态旅游总体规划是在自然保护区总体规划基础上的专项规划。论述了自然保护区开展生态旅游的基本特征、自然保护区旅游总体规划应遵循的原则,探讨了规划的理论依据,提出了规划应注意的问题。     

The pH change in rhizosphere ofPinus koraiensis seedlings as affected by different nitrogen sources and its effect on phosphorus availability

Root mat method described by Kuchenbuch and Jungk was used to study the rhizosphere processes. The experiment was carried out on two years oldPinus koraiensis seedlings. Soil samples collected from the upper 20-cm soil layer in Changbai Mountain were treated with three different forms of nitrogen fertilizers: NO₃ ⁻−N, NH₄ ⁺−N and NH₄NO₃. The results showed that the soil pH and available P near the roots were all lower than in the bulk soil in control treatment. NH₄ ⁺−N application greatly decreased the soil pH near the roots compared to the control treatment and promoted the absorption of phosphorus, which led to a more remarkable depletion region of available P. On the contrary, the rhizosphere soil pH was higher than in the bulk soil in treatments with NO₃ ⁻−N and retarded the P absorption, which led to a nearly equal available P contents to the bulk soil. In treatment with NH₄NO₃, the rhizosphere soil pH was only a little lower than that in the control treatment and its effects on P absorption is mediate between the treatments with NH₄ ⁺−N and NO₃ ⁻−N. Foundation item: This paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30170167). Biography: Chen Yong-liang (1969-), male, Ph. Doctor, lecture of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Post-doctor in Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, P.R. China. E-mail: ylchin@sohu.com Responsible editor: Seng Funan     

Relationships of climate change and tree ring of Betula ermanii tree line forest in Changbai Mountain

Based on the tree-ring growth characteristics of Erman＇s birch （Betula ermanii charm.） and the relationships between it and climatic ）＇actors at elevation of 1950m, the sensitivity of tree lines in Changbai Mountain to climatic factors was assessed. The results indicated tree line forest in Changbai Mountain had an obvious sensitivity to climate factors. However, difference from other study sits is that the main climatic control factor on tree-ring growth was not current growth season temperatures, as might be expected, but previous winter and current March temperature. Although the precipitation in the region was quite abundant, the tree-ring growth was still significantly correlated with the precipitation during previous winter and current spring. Additionally, climatic factors which influenced the Erman＇s birch growth were not the yearly variables, but seasonal and monthly variables. Therefore, the reported increase in yearly mean temperature and total yearly precipitation since 1980s was not responded by sustained increase in ring widths in recent decades.     

浑善达克沙地复合式固沙造林技术分析

复合式造林技术 ,实施后形成带、网、片 ,乔、灌 ,针、阔混交复合式格局 ,变一般固沙型式所形成的单一脆弱植物结构 ,为多样性生物群落 ,使防沙治沙效益向更高层次发展。     

花榈木平衡含水率的初步研究

比较了花榈木与常用木材的平衡含水率后表明，花榈木的心材平衡含水率比常用木材低３．１％。     

广州市公益林生态效益价值分析及管理对策

在对广州市公益林分布和现状特点分析的基础上 ,从林种的生态功能角度对效益进行了分析。结果表明 :广州市水源涵养林生态效益比较高 ,生态效益从大到小排序为 :水源涵养林 >水土保持林 >风景林、自然保护区和小片林 >护岸林 ,从单个效益分析 ,维持大气平衡效益最大。最后提出了公益林管理对策     

秦岭南坡不同海拔土壤肥力的空间分异规律

对秦岭南坡土壤肥力状况、空间分异规律及其与海拔的关系进行研究.结果表明,秦岭南坡土壤肥力指标在整个土壤剖面空间分异范围分别为:土壤pH值5.97～6.89,有机质含量6.6～50.1 g·kg-1,土壤全N含量0.5～3.8 g·kg-1,碱解N含量33.6～257.3 mg·kg-1,速效P含量0.81～5.8 mg·kg-1,速效K含量38.9～262.4 mg·kg-1,粘粒含量11.3%～18.1%,阳离子代换量68.5～310.2 mmol·kg-1;其空间分异程度以速效P、有机质和土壤全N含量较大,土壤粘粒含量和土壤pH值较小;随着土层的加深,土壤pH值、有机质、速效P、土壤粘粒含量和阳离子代换量空间分异程度减小,而土壤全N、碱解N和速效K含量空间分异程度增大.土壤速效K、速效P含量和阳离子代换量水平空间分异程度受海拔的影响较大,而土壤pH值和粘粒含量水平空间分异程度受海拔影响较小.随着海拔的升高,土壤pH值降低,有机质和速效P、K含量增大,土壤肥力空间分异程度减小,这可能与随着海拔升高人为干扰强度降低及林分类型趋向单一有关.