智能农机多机协同收获作业控制方法与试验

为提高多台无人化智能收获机和运粮车协同作业效率，该研究以2台不同型号水稻收获机和1台运粮车为研究对象，开展了智能农机多机协同收获作业控制方法研究。根据协同作业控制决策约束条件，建立协同收获作业中有限个状态过程的改进型连续时间马尔科夫链模型。以减少非作业时间为优化目标，通过模型预测未来一段时间内每台收获机的卸粮时间，动态更新每台收获机的卸粮顺序和时间。仿真试验结果表明：本文控制方法相对于仓满后再召唤运粮车的卸粮方式有效减少了作业时间，协同收获任务的农机平均作业时间减少了13.58%。田间试验结果表明：智能农机多机协同作业控制方法实现了2台水稻收获机和1台运粮车协同自主作业，在场景1中，相对于仓满召唤卸粮模式，收获机1和收获机2非作业时间分别减少了71.25%和42%，收获效率提高了6.65%和5.22%；在场景2中，相对于仓满召唤卸粮模式，收获机1和收获机2非作业时间分别减少了77.64%和37.09%，收获效率提高了12.07%和5.78%。本文提出的控制方法可以实现收获-卸粮转运自主作业，减少了收获机的非作业时间，提高了作业效率，可为无人农场智能收获协同作业提供支撑。     

Albumin overload induces α-smooth muscle actin expression in proximal tubular epithelial cells

AIM: To study whether albumin overload in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTCs) induces epithelial to myofibroblast transdifferentiation (EMT). METHODS: Rat renal proximal tubular cell line NRK52E was cultured on 6 well plates. When the cells reached 70% confluens or complete confluens, cells were serum starved for 24 h. Different concentrations of delipidated bovine serum albumin (dBSA), ranging from 0-30 g/L, were then added to the cells. The media was changed every 48 h until the end of 144 h. Cell shapes were monitored by light microscope during experiment. Cell structures were detected by electron microscopy. Epithelial cell markers: E-cadherin, β-catenin, and myofibroblast marker: α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) were detected by immunofluorescent microscopy and Western blotting. RESULTS: dBSA overload induced the expression of α-SMA in sub-confluent NRK52E, and a few cells elongated, but the induced expression of α-SMA was not in a dose dependent manner. dBSA overload did not induce the expression of α-SMA in complete confluent NRK52E, cell shape did not change either. dBSA overload did not inhibit expression of E-cadherin or β-catenin both in sub-confluent and complete confluent NRK52E. The electron microscope showed that these cells retained epithelial phenotype, with microvilli and tight junction. CONCLUSION: Albumin overload induces PTCs expressing myofibroblast marker α-SMA and promotes EMT. However, complete EMT does not achieve. Complete confluens (cell-cell contacts) inhibits albumin induced α-SMA expression in PTCs.     

两份玉米CMS-C恢复系的育性恢复力测定及恢复基因的分子标记定位

为了发掘更多玉米C型不育胞质的强恢复系资源,本研究对2份自交系Z16和7250-14-1进行了恢复能力的测定、恢复基因的遗传分析及恢复基因的分子标记定位。结果表明, Z16和7250-14-1对C黄早四、C478、C698-3和CMo17均表现为育性恢复,而对C48-2则均表现为育性部分恢复。通过对玉米CMS-C不同亚组胞质测交鉴定发现, Z16对G48-2、EC48-2、ES48-2、RB48-2及类48-2均表现为不育性保持,而7250-14-1对G48-2、EC48-2、ES48-2表现为育性部分恢复,对RB48-2和类48-2则表现为不育性保持。Z16和7250-14-1对CMS-T不育系均表现为不育性保持,而对CMS-S不育系则均表现为育性部分恢复。遗传分析显示, Z16对C478和C黄早四的育性恢复均受1对基因控制;而7250-14-1对C黄早四及C478的育性恢复分别受1对基因及2对基因控制。利用(C黄早四×Z16)F2、(C黄早四×7250-14-1)F2群体分别对恢复基因进行分子标记定位,其中Z16的恢复基因被定位于标记B-1至第8染色体短臂末端区域,物理距离为494 kb; 7250-14-1的恢复基因被定位于第8染色体短臂的标记B-1和Chr8-86080之间,物理距离为249kb。该研究不仅为玉米CMS-C"三系"配套的生产利用提供了恢复基因资源,也为玉米CMS-C恢复基因的克隆及恢复机制的研究奠定了一定基础。     

试析徽州园林的文化意蕴

徽州园林特色鲜明，风格独特。它的美植根于博大精深的徽州文化的土壤之中，反过来它又是那深厚而绚丽的徽州文化意蕴的表征，也就是徽州文化的一个载体，它体现了徽州文化的丰富内涵和深厚的美学底蕴。徽州园林具有成熟的文人写意山水园的特征，注重风水 选址，体现了“天人合一”的古代哲学观，处处有着理学的深刻影响。     

锌对雄性动物生殖的影响

本文从锌对动物生殖影响的机理、镜在精液及副性腺中的分布、锌对生殖器官及生殖的影响。锌与生殖内分泌的关系。锌与雄性不育等五个方面综述了锌对雄性动物生殖机能的影响，具有一定参考价值。     

黄土丘陵沟壑区不同人工林地土壤肥力变化研究

通过对吴起县不同纯林及其交互效应混交林地的土壤调查、样品测定和室内分析,了解不同人工林地土壤肥力变化情况.结果表明0～20 cm表层土壤养分变化较大.其中,山杏×沙棘混交林地和山杏纯林地利于改善土壤有机质水平,分别达到20.79 g/kg和13.93 g/kg;山杏×小叶杨混交林地和小叶杨纯林地碱解氮含量增幅较大,分别为61.55 mg/kg和61.11 mg/kg;山杏×小叶杨混交林地有效磷含量相对较高,为5.43 mg/kg;山杏纯林地、山杏×小叶杨混交林地和小叶杨纯林地速效钾变化较为明显,分别为126.94,125.61和119.28 mg/kg.混交林地比纯林地更利于改善土壤肥力,建议种植山杏×沙棘混交林.     

Effects of three Chinese formulas on BDNF,TrkB in rat contex and hippocampus with chronic immobilization stress

AIM: To investigate the changes of brain-derived neruotrophic factor (BDNF), tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) in rat cortex and hippocampus with chronic immobilization stress and the influence of three Chinese formulas (Xiaoyaosan, Sijunzitang, Jinkuishenqiwan) on them. METHODS: Chronic immobilization stress method (180 min daily, repeated 7 days or 21 days) was taken, and the changes of BDNF, TrkB in rat forehead cortex and hippocampus CA1 were measured by immunohistochemistry integrated image analysis. RESULTS: The contents of BDNF in rat forehead cortex and hippocampus CA1 were obviously lower in the model group of 7 days and 21 days than those in the normal control group (P<0.05, P<0.01), especially the lowest in the model group of 21 days. The contents of TrkB in rat forehead cortex and hippocampus CA1 were higher in the model group of 7 days and 21 days than those in the normal control group (P<0.05, P<0.01). All three Chinese formulas increased the intergral absorbance of BDNF in rat cortex and particle number of BDNF in rat hippocampus CA1. The particle number of TrkB in rat hippocampus CA1 and cortex, and intergral absorbance of TrkB in rat hippocampus CA1 were reduced by Xiaoyaosan. The intergral absorbance of TrkB in rat forehead cortex was reduced by Sijunzitang and Jinkuishenqiwan. The particle number of TrkB in rat forehead cortex was decreased by Jinkuishenqiwan. Compared with the influence of BDNF in response to three Chinese formulas, effect of Xiaoyaosan was more remarkable.CONCLUSION: Decreased BDNF in rat forehead cortex and hippocampus CA1 may participate in changes of chronic immobilization stress, and it can be reversed by the Chinese herbs of soothing liver, strengthening spleen, nourishing kidney, but the effect of Xiaoyaosan is better than that of Sijunzitang and Jinkuishenqiwan.     

草酸处理对杧果贮藏效果的影响

 　杧果(Mangifera indica L. ) 栽培种‘红　6号’果实经采后草酸、采前草酸+采后草酸和采前钙+采后草酸处理后, 在常温(25℃) 和低温(14℃) 下贮藏, 结果发现3种处理有效缓解了果实硬度系数下降, 控制了果实病情发展, 对果实完全后熟时的可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量没有产生明显的影响,草酸处理是　果采后贮藏保鲜可选择的方法。     

不同硒水平对山羊生长性能和血液理化指标的影响

研究在基础日粮中添加不同水平亚硒酸钠对山羊生长发育、血液理化指标及抗氧化的影响。结果表明:在基础日粮中分别添加0.1、0.3mg/kg和0.5mg/kg亚硒酸钠组与基础日粮组相比,羔羊的平均日增重显著增加(P<0.05),以0.3mg/kg亚硒酸钠组增加幅度最大,增加了42.20%(P<0.05);饲料转化率分别提高了18.51%(P>0.05)、40.74%(P<0.05)和29.63%(P<0.05);0.3mg/kg亚硒酸钠组血液中WBC、RBC和血清中TP、ALB、GLO含量显著提高(P<0.05),血清尿素氮的水平显著降低(P<0.05),血清SOD和GSH-Px活性显著升高(P<0.01),血清MDA含量显著降低(P<0.01)。因此,添加亚硒酸钠促进蛋白质合成,改善机体抗氧化功能,促进羔羊生长发育,且以在基础日粮中添加0.3mg/kg最佳。