1株猪丹毒杆菌的分离与鉴定

为确定导致安徽和县某猪场猪只发病的病原,从该猪场送检病料(心、肺、脾、肝)中分离并纯化细菌,根据其形态特征、PCR鉴定及生化试验结果,确诊为猪丹毒杆菌。spa A基因序列分析结果显示该菌与猪丹毒杆菌G4T10(Gen Bank登录号:KF150604.1)有99%的同源性。全自动生化反应报告该菌为丹毒丝菌的概率高达95%。小鼠攻毒试验表明,试验组小鼠在腹股沟皮下注射该菌后,4 d内全部死亡;死亡小鼠剖检可见全身败血性出血,各脏器均有病变,从死亡小鼠的血液、心、肝、脾、肺等组织中分离到与该感染菌株形态特征完全一致的细菌。药敏试验结果表明,该菌对β-内酰胺类和大环内酯类抗生素敏感,对链霉素、卡那霉素、四环素、多西环素、林可霉素和磺胺异恶唑耐受。     

扭角羚肺炎克雷伯氏菌的分离鉴定

本试验旨在报告四川省野生扭角羚自然生存过程中致病性细菌的检测及生物学特征。试验对发病死亡扭角羚病变组织进行细菌学检查及分离,对分别从肝脏、脾脏和肺脏分离得到的4株优势菌进行形态特征、生化特性和16SrDNA分子鉴定,判定为肺炎克雷伯氏菌。这4株菌对供试小白鼠均有致病性。测其LD50,分别为2.9×107、2.9×107、4.5×107和1.1×108 CFU/只。4株分离菌对供试的先锋霉素等敏感,对阿米卡星等中度敏感,对红霉素等耐药。推测这4株肺炎克雷伯氏菌是导致扭角羚死亡的主要病原菌。     

布鲁氏菌LPS对小鼠巨噬细胞中NLRP3炎症小体转录水平的影响

为研究布鲁氏菌LPS对巨噬细胞中NLRP3炎症小体的影响,本试验提取布鲁氏菌2308、RB51和△WbkA的LPS,以不同浓度与小鼠巨噬细胞相互作用,荧光定量PCR检测其对NLRP3、ASC、Caspase1、IL1-β、IL18转录水平的影响。结果显示RB51LPS和△WbkA LPS上调NLRP3炎症小体相关基因的转录水平,且呈浓度依赖性,而浓度对2308LPS调节NLRP3炎症小体相关基因转录的作用不大;且同一浓度下,RB51LPS和2308LPS比△WbkA LPS更好的调节Caspase1、IL1-β、IL18的转录水平。     

Expression of Proton-dependent Oligopeptide Transporters (POTs) in Calves' Tissues

This test was designed to study the expression of POTs (PepT1, PepT2, PHT1 and PHT2) mRNA in calves'tissues.Tissue-specific expression of the mRNA corresponding to peptide transporter protein in four 3-month-old Chinese Holstein calves was examined by relative quantitative RT-PCR analysis.The results showed that the expression of PepT1 mRNA in the rumen was extremely significantly higher than that in the heart and muscle (P<0.01);The expression of PepT2 mRNA in the liver and kidney was extremely significantly higher than that in the heart, spleen, thymus, muscle, rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum (P<0.01);The expression of PHT1 mRNA in the lung and spleen was extremely significantly higher than that in the heart and muscle (P<0.01);The expression of PHT2 mRNA in the lung and thymus was significantly higher than that in the heart, liver, kidney, spleen, muscle, rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum (P<0.05).The results indicated that PepT1, PepT2, PHT1 and PHT2 mRNA were respectively abundantly expressed in rumen, kidney and liver, spleen and lung, lung and thymus.     

Pathogenicity of a Strain of H5N6 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus in Ducks and Mice

To investigate the pathogenicity of A/Hero/Guangdong/C1/2013(H5N6), an AIV strain isolated from Heron on ducks and mice, pathogenicity of this new virus strain and changing of histopathology as well as a preliminary study on its biological characteristics were studied by virus challenges test via intranasal and eye-drop and in chicken via jugular vein injection.Results showed that the EID₅₀ of this strain of virus was 10^-8.16/0.1 mL in embryonated chicken eggs and the intravenous inoculation of pathogenic index (IVPI) was 2.76.In ducks and mice, the 50% lethal doses (LD₅₀) of it were determined to be 10^-4.0/0.2 mL and 10^-4.67/0.05 mL, respectively.Symptoms of infection included loss of appetite, depression, swollen head and tears after being infected with 10⁶ EID₅₀ per duck by intranasal and eye-drop administration.Most of ducks died 4 to 7 days post-infection, liver, lung and kidney still eliminated toxicants at day 7 post-infection.Anatomy showed symptoms of pericardial effusion, pulmonary congestion and kidney enlargement, while pathological section showed pathological change like karyopycnosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in heart, liver, kidney and spleen.Mice developed symptoms of infection like loss of appetite, depression, shaggy coat and ruffled coat after being infected with 5×10⁵ EID₅₀ per mouse by intranasal and eye-drop administration.Most of the infected mice died 5 to 7 days post-infection and only liver still eliminated toxicants at day 7 post-infection.Although organ anatomy showed no obvious pathological changes, pathological section showed pathological changes like karyopycnosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in heart, kidney and lung.Our research demonstrated that this H5N6 subtype AIV had a strong pathogenicity and could be defined as a highly pathogenic AIV strain as its IVPI was greater than 1.2.Our work laid a theory foundation for study, prevention and control of H5N6 subtype AIV.     

激素对白三叶愈伤组织形成的影响及体细胞胚的组织学观察

以白三叶3个品种瑞文德、铺地和海法的子叶和下胚轴为外植体,采用正交设计试验研究2,4-D、6-BA和KT三种生长调节剂的不同浓度水平对白三叶愈伤组织诱导及继代的影响,筛选最佳激素组合并进行体细胞胚的组织学观察.结果表明:同一品种同一时期不同外植体愈伤诱导的最佳激素组合不相同,不同品种间也不一致;瑞文德子叶胚性愈伤诱导的最佳培养基为改良SH+2,4-D 2mg/L+6-BA 0.35mg/L+KT 0.5mg/L,下胚轴为改良SH+2,4-D 2mg/L+6-BA 0.2mg/L+KT 0.35mg/L;铺地子叶胚性愈伤诱导的最佳培养基为改良SH+2,4-D 2mg/L+6-BA 0.5mg/L+KT 0.5mg/L,下胚轴为改良SH+2,4 D 5mg/L+6-BA 0.35mg/L+KT 0.5mg/L;海法子叶胚性愈伤诱导的最佳培养基为改良SH+2,4-D 2mg/L+6-BA 0.2mg/L+KT 0.35mg/L,下胚轴为改良SH+2,4-D5mg/L+6-BA 0.5mg/L+KT 0.5mg/L.组织学观察表明,体细胞胚的发育经历球形胚、心形胚、鱼雷胚及子叶胚四个阶段后形成一个完整的体细胞胚.     

内蒙古典型草原不同放牧强度下羊草光合生理生态特性分析

通过对内蒙古典型草原不同放牧强度下羊草光合日动态、叶绿素荧光参数以及光合生理生态指标的测定,分析探讨了放牧对羊草光合及生理生态特性的影响。结果表明:羊草净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度随放牧强度的增大而增大,T2放牧强度下羊草光合日动态为双峰曲线,出现"午休现象",非气孔因素是主要原因;叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm三种处理间差异不显著,ΦPSII、qP、ETR三种参数随放牧强度的增大而增大,T2放牧强度下的值显著大于T0和T1;T1放牧强度下羊草相对叶绿素含量显著小于T0和T2,叶干物质含量则相反,比叶面积和干物质含量二者呈负相关关系;羊草叶片数、叶片长度随放牧强度的增大而下降。由此表明,适度放牧有助于羊草光合作用,叶片形态出现缩小特征,以适应放牧干扰。     

Determination of reference intervals for metabolic profile of Hanwoo cows at early,middle and late gestation periods

Background

Metabolic profile was initially designed as a presymptomatic diagnostic aid based on statistical analyses of blood metabolites to provide an early warning of certain types of metabolic disorder. However, there is little metabolic profile data available about Korean Hanwoo cows. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the reference intervals of metabolic profile for Korean Hanwoo cows.

Methods

Healthy animals (2,205) were selected and divided into early (day 1 to 95), middle (day 96 to 190) and late (day 191 to 285) period according to their gestating period. Metabolic profile including total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), urea (UREA), glucose (Glu), total cholesterol (T-Cho), long-chain fatty acid (LCFA), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), creatinine (Crea), calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphorous (iP) and magnesium (Mg) were analyzed using a TBA-40FR automatic biochemical analyzer. The data of Korean Hanwoo cows were then compared to those of the Japanese Wagyu cows.

Results

Most of the data of the Korean Hanwoo cows were relatively higher than those of Japanese Wagyu cows, with the exception of Glu and GGT. This may indicate that the nutritional level of feed for the Korean Hanwoo cows was higher than that of the Japanese Wagyu cows because of the different feeding system. In particular, relatively higher levels of UREA and LCFA were observed in the Korean Hanwoo cows, and this may also contribute to the low reproduction efficiency.

Conclusions

These findings may provide some theoretical basis for understanding the reproductive and feeding situation of Korean Hanwoo cows.     

笋用竹林培育研究现状

从良种繁育、结构控制、环境控制 3个途径综述了国内外近 15年来对笋用丰产林研究的状况 ,探讨了笋用林培育的研究方向 ,为笋用林的丰产、优质、高效培育研究提供依据