新扬州鸡IGF-1基因多态性与早期生长速度关系的研究

以150只非同胞新扬州鸡为材料，采用PCR—RFLP法检测了该基因5’调控区DNA序列多态性，并运用线性模型统计方法分析了多态性与初生重和12周龄体重的关系。结果显示：新扬州鸡IGF-1基因5、调控区自然存在两种不同DNA序列，经。PstⅠ酶切后出现3种基因型(“-／-”、“-／ ”、“ ／ ”)，基因型分布符合哈代一温伯格定律。各基因型个体的初生重、12周龄体重的最小二乘均数存在“-／-”＞“ ／-”＞“ ／ ”的趋势，且“-／-”型个体的12周龄体重显著高于“ ／ ”型个体(P＜0．05)。     

Monitoring response to aminobisphosphonate therapy in canine osteosarcoma using dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry (dexa)

Introduction: Palliative therapy is essential to improve the quality of life of dogs with osteosarcoma (OSA), when definitive therapy is not considered a valid option. Bisphosphonates, a novel class of antiosteoclastic drugs, are widely used in humans for several painful osteolytic conditions. Dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is recognized as a reliable tool to measure bone mineral density (BMD), and to monitor treatment response to bisphosphonates in humans. A prospective evaluation of pamidronate, an injectable aminobisphosphonate, is ongoing in dogs with appendicular OSA. The potential value of DEXA for objective evaluation of BMD variations with palliative therapies is concurrently being assessed. Materials and Methods: Dogs with naturally occurring appendicular OSA treated with pamidronate constitute the patient population. A DEXA scan (QDR‐4500 W, Hologic, Bedford, MA) is performed on day 0 (baseline) and on every treatment day with pamidronate thereafter (every 28 days). For each dog, a whole body scan is performed, followed by a scan of the tumor, and contralateral normal bone. Three regions of interest are subsequently analyzed for BMD changes in tumor and normal bone. Statistical analysis was performed using Student t‐test and paired t‐tests, with significance being set at p < 0.05. Results: Nineteen dogs have been enrolled to date. Seven responders and 6 non‐responders have suitable data for analysis. A significant difference is observed (p = 0.04) between tumor BMD variations of responders and non‐responders at day 28 (mean variations +18.0% and ?4.6% respectively). The changes at day 28 are significant only in the responders (p = 0.038 vs p = 0.05 in non‐responders). When BMD of tumor and normal bone at day 84 is compared to day 0 in six responders, only tumor had a significant increase (p = 0.017 vs p = 0.279, respectively). Conclusions: Objective measurements of response to therapy are essential in pain palliation studies. Increased tumor bone BMD, as obtained by DEXA analysis, may correlate with subjective clinical improvement in pamidronate‐treated dogs with appendicular OSA.     

透明颤菌血红蛋白基因(vgb)在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

利用PCR技术将透明颠菌血红蛋白基因（vgb）克隆到融合表达载体pET28a，在大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）表达。重组蛋白在30℃诱导获得可溶表达。利用Ni^2＋亲和层析对重组蛋白进行了纯化，得到重组的透明颠菌血红蛋白，蛋白呈红色。实验现象显示重组蛋白与血红索相结合。紫外光区和可见光区波长扫描分析显示：蛋白粗提物和纯化后的血红蛋白在230nm和413nm都有强吸收峰，初步表明，尽管重组蛋白比天然蛋白多36个氨基酸，重组蛋白仍然具有生理活性。诱导后4h和6h的培养液氨基乙酰丙酸含量分别达到17mg／L和21mg／L。说明重组蛋白的表达明显促进了体内heme合成途径。     

四川猪链球菌Ⅱ型分离株生物学特性的初步研究

猪链球菌Ⅱ型是导致许多国家猪链球菌病的主要病原，自90年代晚期江苏发生猪链球菌Ⅱ型感染以来已成为我国引起人畜共患病的一种重要的新病原菌。最近在四川省部分地区发生了不明原因的猪源人畜共患病，且具有较高的死亡率。我们从病死猪的病料中成功分离到三株猪链球菌分离株，经革兰氏染色、生化试验、血清凝集试验和PCR鉴定，最终证实为猪链球菌Ⅱ型。通过对其毒力因子进行鉴定．结果发现MRP和EF均为阳性。进一步的药敏试验证实：分离菌株对氨苄青霉素、先锋霉素Ⅳ、羧苄青霉素、复方新诺明、头孢肤肟等抗菌药高度敏感。     

低聚木糖梯度添加对异育银鲫生长及肠道消化酶活性的影响

选1年异育银鲫80尾,随机分为4组,每组2个重复。第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮;第2、3、4组分别在基础日粮中添加0.005%、0.01%和0.02%的低聚木糖,研究不同添加梯度对异育银鲫生长和肠道消化酶活性的影响,并确定最合适的添加比例。结果表明,添加低聚木糖能够提高异育银鲫的生长和肠道消化酶活性,其中以0.01%的添加比例增重效果较好;若添加过量,生长和蛋白酶活性出现下降趋势,而淀粉酶活性则没有明显的变化。     

施氮对狼尾草在南方贫瘠旱坡地生长、能源品质及氮肥利用率的影响

为探究狼尾草作为生物质能源原材料在南方贫瘠旱坡地生长对氮素的响应,研究4个施氮水平(0、112.5、225.0和337.5 kg N·hm^-2)对能源型狼尾草桂能草1号农艺性状、产量、SPAD值、生物质能源品质及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,施用氮肥可促进狼尾草横、纵向生长,随施氮量的增加狼尾草的株高、茎粗和单位面积有效茎数逐步提高,但叶片叶绿素含量和鲜、干草产量的提高程度在施氮量超过225.0 kg N·hm^-2后,有饱和趋势。施用氮肥还可明显提高狼尾草纤维素含量、半纤维素含量、热值和折合标准煤产量,显著降低干物质、木质素和灰分含量,总体改善了狼尾草的能源利用品质;但施氮量达337.5 kg N·hm^-2时,狼尾草热值下降,且对折合标准煤产量的增加作用不明显,降低了狼尾草的能源利用品质。此外,在一定施氮量范围内(112.5~225.0 kg N·hm^-2),狼尾草氮肥利用效率并未随施氮量的增加而显著降低,但施氮量达337.5 kg N·hm^-2时,氮肥利用率显著降低。因此,狼尾草在南方贫瘠旱坡地种植,为获得理想的生物质能源材料需及时补充氮素营养,但施氮量不宜超过225.0 kg N·hm^-2。     

喀斯特山区草地施肥对放牧乌蒙半细毛羊抗氧化系统功能的影响

为选择草地施肥的肥料种类,减少施肥对乌蒙半细毛羊产业的影响,在威宁县凉水沟种羊场多年生人工草地开展施肥和放牧试验。 结果表明:凉水沟种羊场人工草地牧草铜含量相对较低,但仍高于乌蒙半细毛羊营养需要标准;施肥极显著增加牧草氮含量(P<0.01),各施肥处理之间没有明显差异。硫酸铵施肥显著增加牧草硫和锌含量(P<0.01),显著降低了牧草硒的含量(P<0.01)。放牧试验结束时,施硫酸铵草地的乌蒙半细毛羊血液中铜、铁和硒的含量极显著低于施硝酸铵草地和对照组(P<0.01), 动物血液锌和硫含量极显著高于硝酸铵施肥牧场和对照组(P<0.01)。硫酸铵施肥牧场的乌蒙半细毛羊血红蛋白、红细胞压积容量极显著低于硝酸铵施肥牧场和对照牧场(P<0.01),血清铜蓝蛋白含量、血清超氧化物歧化酶活力、血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力和血清过氧化氢酶等抗氧化酶的活力极显著低于硝酸铵施肥牧场和对照牧场(P<0.01),丙二醛的含量显著高于硝酸铵施肥牧场和对照牧场(P<0.01)。血液其他矿质元素和血液指标及血清生化值在2个施肥处理和对照之间均差异不显著。 因此得出结论,草地施肥的种类需要根据土壤矿物质分布和含量情况确定,铜含量低的牧场不适合硫酸铵施肥,硫酸铵施肥明显影响了乌蒙半细毛羊机体抗氧化系统功能。     

不同年限封育对黄土高原典型草原地上植被的影响

为了揭示自然恢复过程中植被动态变化规律,以黄土高原典型草原为研究对象,采用野外调查与室内分析相结合的方法,分析不同年限封育(0、5、15、23和32年)对草地植被特征、物种多样性和群落演替动态变化的影响。结果表明,随着封育年限的增加,枯落物量和厚度呈递增趋势,群落盖度呈先增加后降低趋势,群落密度呈递减趋势,地上生物量和禾草地上生物量均呈先增加后降低的趋势,且均在封育23年草地达到了峰值。不同年限的封育对Simpson多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数影响不显著(P0.05)。地上植被的物种丰富度呈先增加后降低趋势,且在封育15年达到峰值。地上植被群落封育演替的一般模式为杂类草生长阶段→本氏针茅(Stipa bungeana)逐渐占优势阶段→本氏针茅稳定发展阶段。     

Inhibitory effect of AuNPs-Endostar on melanoma lung metastasis in mice

AIM: To observe the influence of gold nanoparticles combined with Endostar (AuNPs-Endostar) on the melanoma lung metastasis of mice and the underlying mechanism. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice (n=24) were selected for constructing the model of spontaneous lung metastasis of melanoma B16-F10 cells. Subsequently, the mice were randomly divided into Endostar group, AuNPs group, AuNPs-Endostar group and model group. After the formation of melanoma, the mice in each group were injected with different drugs through tail vein for 0.1 mL daily. After 9 d, the mice were narcotized for cutting the tumors in situ. After the operation, they were raised for 2 weeks before killed for obtaining the lung tissues to observe the situation of the metastasis. HE staining was utilized for observing the necrosis status of the tumors in situ, while immunostaining was applied for testing the expression of CD31, carbonic anhydrase-IX (CA-IX), vimentin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) in the tumors. RESULTS: Compared with model group, the pulmonary metastasis in the groups with medical treatment was obviously reduced. In AuNPs-Endostar group, the metastasis inhibition rate was the highest, and the tumor necrosis was also decreased obviously, with the significant reduction of CD31, CA-IX and vimentin expression in the tumors and significant increase in ZO-1 expression. CONCLUSION: Compared with using Endostar or AuNPs alone, the combination of AuNPs with Endostar significantly improves the curative effect of inhibiting the pulmonary metastasis of melanoma in the mice. The mechanism may be related to reducing the tumor angiogenesis, norma-lizing the blood vessels and improving tumor hypoxia, thus inhibiting the tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transition, increasing the tight junctions between tumor cells and decreasing the invasiveness.     

国债期限溢价与股权溢价之间动态相关性分析

鉴于国债期限溢价与股权溢价之间的相关关系具有时变性特征，本文运用BEKK-MGARCH、ADCC-MGARCH等模型从条件相关系数角度考察国债期限溢价与股权溢价之间的动态相关性。经验分析结果发现，在描述两者的相关性动态变化方面，考虑非对称性的ADCC-MGARCH模型优于BEKK-MGARCH模型；尽管国债期限溢价与股权溢价之间的条件相关系数大小在短期内会发生变动，但是条件相关系数在正负符号上却保持相对稳定。