冬小麦种质“矮孟牛”中新型小麦-黑麦复杂易位的遗传传递分析

本文利用矮孟牛中一种新型小麦-黑麦复杂易位IRS·7DS,1BL·7DL与1BL·1RS易位所构建的一套重组自交系(包括109个F6株系)和8个矮孟牛衍生品种进行了分析,结果表明在109个F6株系中,纯合复杂易位占69个,纯合1BL·1RS占36个,二者比例约2∶1,杂合类型占4个,出现频率4/109;对矮孟牛8个衍生品种的分析表明,6个品种包含来自矮孟牛的     

多叶羽扇豆种子发芽条件的研究

在不同温度条件下,对多叶羽扇豆(Lupinus polyphyllus lindl)进行发芽试验,并利用不同药剂对多叶羽扇豆的硬实种子进行处理,得出以下结论:多叶羽扇豆发芽的最适温度在20℃左右,其发芽势计算应以前5 d发芽数为标准,其硬实种子采用浓硫酸处理2～5min发芽效果最好.     

旱涝交替胁迫对水稻产量和品质的影响

以"南粳44"为试材,采用温室盆栽试验,研究了分蘖期和拔节期旱涝交替胁迫对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果表明,分蘖期旱涝交替胁迫导致水稻的有效穗数较对照显著降低了20.0%和26.3%,拔节期旱涝交替胁迫导致水稻每穗粒数较对照显著降低了28.2%和41.1%,水稻产量均显著降低。分蘖期旱涝交替胁迫使稻米的出糙率、精米率和整精米率均下降,拔节期旱涝交替胁迫提高了稻米的整精米率,分别提高3.0%和2.4%,并显著降低了垩白率和垩白度。各胁迫处理均提高了稻米直链淀粉量,分蘖期重旱轻涝胁迫使得稻米的粗蛋白量较对照显著降低了7.6%。     

2BMMD-4型夏棉精量免耕播种机的设计与试验

鉴于黄淮海麦棉轮作区土层深厚和根茬量大、韧性强的特点,以及免耕播种机作业要求,设计了2BMMD-4型棉花精量免耕播种机,能一次实现破茬、开沟、防堵、施肥、播种、覆土及镇压等功能。该机具具有独特的苗带清理及作业防堵、播种深度调节以及作业仿形功能。同时,利用SolidWorks以及ANSYS软件对2BMMD-4型免耕播种机的苗带浅旋装置进行了模态分析。结果表明,该机刀轴在设计转速下对应的频率远小于各阶固有频率,不容易发生共振。田间试验表明,该播种机作业性能达到了设计要求。     

Effects of dietary lysozyme levels on growth performance,intestinal morphology,non‐specific immunity and mRNA expression in weanling piglets

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of dietary lysozyme levels on growth performance, gut health and non‐specific immunity of weanling piglets. A total of 150 weanling piglets were allocated to six treatments. The piglets were fed the same basel diet supplemented with 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg/kg lysozyme as well as antibiotics for 28 days. From day 14 to day 28 of dietary treatment, piglets fed 90 mg/kg lysozyme had greater average daily gain than piglets fed control diet. During the whole experimental period, piglets fed 120 mg/kg lysozyme tended to have greater average daily gain than piglets fed control diet. Compared with piglets fed control diet, piglets fed diets containing antibiotics and 90 mg/kg lysozyme had greater villus height to crypt depth ratio in duodenum and jejunum. Additionally, dietary supplementation of 60 and 90 mg/kg lysozyme as well as antibiotics enhanced the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages in piglets. In conclusion, dietary lysozyme can accelerate the growth of weanling piglets by improving gut health and non‐specific immunity and supplementing 90 mg/kg lysozyme is as effective as antibiotics (20 mg/kg colistin sulphate + 50 mg/kg kitasamycin) in improving the growth performance of weanling piglets.     

The effect of lactic acid bacterial starter culture and chemical additives on wilted rice straw silage

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are suitable for rice straw silage fermentation, but have been studied rarely, and rice straw as raw material for ensiling is difficult because of its disadvantages, such as low nutrition for microbial activities and low abundances of natural populations of LAB. So we investigated the effect of application of LAB and chemical additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of wilted rice straw silage. Treatment with chemical additives increased the concentrations of crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), acetic acid and lactic acid, reduced the concentrations of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), but did not effectively inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms. Inoculation with LABs did not improve the nutritional value of the silage because of poor growth of LABs in wilted rice straw. Inoculation with LAB and addition of chemical materials improved the quality of silage similar to the effects of addition of chemical materials alone. Growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria was inhibited by this mixed treatment and the LAB gradually dominated the microbial community. In summary, the fermentation quality of wilted rice straw silage had improved by addition of LAB and chemical materials.     

影响黄瓜直接不定芽诱导的品种等因素研究

以黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.）子叶节为外植体，研究了品种、6-苄氨基嘌呤、外植体大小及硝酸银对黄瓜直接不定芽诱导的影响。结果表明：不同黄瓜品种直接不定芽数量诱导存在显著差异，但长度诱导无显著差异；6-苄氨基嘌呤对直接不定芽数量和长度的诱导作用显著，其中4.0mg/L为数量诱导适宜浓度，其出芽率和每外植体出芽数达到最高，分别为100.0%和11.1，0.5mg/L为长度诱导适宜浓度，其平均芽长12.0mm；外植体的大小对直接不定芽数量和长度均具显著影响，随着子叶的增大诱导直接不定芽的数量和长度增加，其中单片完整子叶为最适宜大小，其出芽率、每外植体出芽数和平均芽长分别达到100%、6.7和17.1mm；硝酸银也对直接不定芽数量诱导影响显著，其中2.0mg/L为适宜浓度，出芽率和每外植体出芽数分别达到97.2%和4.2，但对芽长有抑制作用。