象草幼穗离体培养植株再生研究

以象草幼穗为外植体材料、改良的MS为基本培养基,研究了不同外源激素组合对不同发育时期幼穗愈伤组织诱导和植株再生能力的影响.结果表明,象草幼穗离体培养最适长度为2～5 cm;愈伤组织诱导培养基中添加4.0 mg/L 2,4-D 0.05 mg/L KT和4.0 mg/L 2,4-D 0.10 mg/L KT时,颗粒状愈伤组织诱导率分别为79.0%和72.6%;转入添加3.0 mg/L 2,4-D 0.2 mg/L 6-BA的继代培养基,分别有40.9%和74.0%的愈伤组织保持颗粒状结构;在添加2.0 mg/L CPPU 0.01 mg/L NAA和0.50 mg/L KT 0.5 mg/L IAA的分化培养基上,经过继代培养后的颗粒状愈伤组织的成苗率分别为36.4%和38.5%,总成苗率达50.2%和43.9%.3片叶大小的幼苗转入附加NAA 0.50 mg/L的1/2 MS壮根培养基,试管苗移栽成活率达95%以上.在继代培养过程中逐代选择外表呈白色、干燥、紧密、颗粒状的愈伤组织,是提高其植株再生能力的有效方法.     

木芙蓉上亚利桑那跳小蜂对扶桑绵粉蚧的寄生研究

扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley是我国重要观赏和药用植物木芙蓉上的主要害虫之一,但迄今对其被优势天敌亚利桑那跳小蜂Aenasius arizonensis(Girault)（班氏跳小蜂A.bambawalei Hayat）的寄生情况了解甚少。为此,自2017年开始,在浙江兰溪西部的一个木芙蓉种植区开展了为期四年的调查,每年6—9月,分批从木芙蓉植株上采集3龄若虫及未产卵雌成虫,于室内观察寄生情况;并于其中两年观察了不同生境中的寄生情况,探讨了寄生季节变化的动态特征及相关影响因素、杂草促进寄生的途径以及增强该粉蚧自然控制的措施。结果表明,在前期（6—7月）寄生率总体上较低,其中两年最高分别仅有38%和32%,另外两年也很少发现被寄生个体,而且该时期寄生率年份间存在明显波动。而在后期（8—9月）,寄生率相对较高,且具有从8月上旬开始逐步上升这一显著特点。观察期间,最高寄生率均出现于各年份9月下旬,四年中分别为89%、62%、55%和13%,年份间差异十分明显。生境类型可对寄生水平产生较大影响,与木芙蓉地块内和杂草稀疏的田埂相比,杂草丛生的田埂上和路边区域中粉蚧被寄生率相对较高;另外,在毗邻田块的路边地段,9月上旬的寄生比例一定程度上高于距离木芙蓉地块较远的路边地段。本研究表明,木芙蓉上亚利桑那跳小蜂对扶桑绵粉蚧的控制作用随年份和季节剧烈变化,一些生境诸如杂草较多的地段有利于增强其控害作用。     

施用不同氮肥对盐碱地湖南稷子生产性能以及养分吸收的影响

为探讨盐碱地湖南稷子(Echinochloa frumentacea)高效生产的最佳施氮种类和施氮量,采用单因素随机区组设计,通过在湖南稷子拔节期设置不施肥(CK)、尿素和硫酸铵(N1,N2)轻施肥(F1:50 kg·hm^-2)、中施肥(F2:100 kg·hm^-2)、重施肥处理(F3:150 kg·hm^-2),研究不同氮肥和施氮水平下湖南稷子田间农艺性状、养分吸收及氮肥利用率的变化,探讨盐碱地湖南稷子实现高效生产的适宜氮肥和施氮量。结果表明：与对照相比,施氮量为F2和F3时能够显著提高盐碱地湖南稷子产量及氮磷钾吸收量(P<0.05),植株不同部位氮含量上升,施氮量F3时能够显著提高氮肥利用效率(P<0.05),且同一施氮量下追施硫酸铵后湖南稷子产量、养分吸收及氮肥利用率均高于尿素。综上所述,氮肥追施量在150 kg·hm^-2时,有利于盐碱地湖南稷子的产量的提升和养分的吸收,且同一条件下追施硫酸铵较追施尿素效果显著。     

宁夏雨养区饲用小黑麦种质适应性评价

【目的】筛选适宜在宁夏雨养区推广种植的饲用型小黑麦(×Triticosecale)品种(系)。【方法】采用单因素随机区组设计,测定6个小黑麦品种(系)的农艺性状、干草产量和营养品质等指标,并利用主成分分析方法(PCA)对其进行综合评价。【结果】6个小黑麦品种(系)越冬率均在85%以上,其中冀饲草1号越冬率最强,达89.80%;生育期天数基本一致,均为246～248 d;各品种(系)小黑麦农艺性状和营养指标间差异显著(P<0.05),其中冀饲草1号干草产量和粗蛋白含量最高,分别达8978.23 kg/hm²和9.53%,显著高于其他品种(P<0.05);石大1号相对饲喂价值最高,为95.26,冀饲草1号种子产量最高(5 894.44 kg/hm²);经PCA综合分析得出,小黑麦评价由高到低顺序为石大1号、冀饲草1号、鉴46、晋饲草1号、鉴47、鉴18。【结论】可选择石大1号、冀饲草1号、鉴46在宁夏雨养区种植推广。     

陆地棉一个丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶蛋白基因的克隆与表达分析

通过RT-PCR获得一个编码棉花丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶类似蛋白全长的cDNA片段,其编码的氨基酸序列与拟南芥ATPK3的相似度达到82%,这个基因暂被命名为GhPK1。基因全编码区包括1038个核苷酸,编码346个氨基酸的蛋白。GhPK1的编码产物在265~270个氨基酸处有一个跨膜区并可能结合在内质网膜上。GhPK1在种子和纤维中的表达水平较其它组织高。另外,GhPK1的表达量在受到盐胁迫后上升,说明GhPK1可能参与了盐胁迫反应。     

Reuolution and Research of Green Automobile

The green is as a symbol of no pollution,no public harm and environmental protection. The green automobile is the inevitable results that the automobile technique continuously developes. A new style vehicle--the green automobile is the urgent solicit of environmental protection is developed. The automobile industry can develop continuously. This article mainly discusses the importance of the green auto_mobile's research and development,the development status in quo and prospect of the green auto_mobile technique in the world,and states the relationship between the green automobile technique and environmental protection from green technical system theoretically clarify the study of green automobile,including its design and the system,the manufacture and its technology,the energy,the rebuild engineering and a series of subjects. How to evaluate the cycle and the evaluable mark of the green automobile,the prospect of green automobile are pointed out.     

Influence of HVDC System on the Shaft of Hydro-generator Unit

Widely concerns of the influence of the HVDC system on the Three Gorges power station have been shown so far. Based on the understanding of the mechanism of the non-characteristic harmonics introduced by HVDC system, the influence of interharmonics on the shaft of hydro-generator unit is studied. A MATLAB simulation model for the Three Gorges hybrid AC and DC transmission system with considering the effect of generator-unit shaft is established. Through time-domain simulation, the influence of the minor-associated component of interharmonics on the generator-unit shaft is analyzed, which arise from the asynchronous operation of the HVDC system. Also, the complex torque coefficient method in frequency-domain is used to analyze this problem. Same conclusions can be drawn from the results of timedomain and frequency-domain analyses.     

Model of Information Integrating in CIMS Based on the Object-oriented Method

Information integrating is the most important key to CIMS,which is the base of the function integrating and all others.Because of so many kinds,so complicated structure,so many different sources and uses that the information in CIMS has,it is necessary to build a popular Information Integrating Model. The model of information integrating in the thesis bases on the enterprise model,which is presented by ISO(International Organization for Standardization).According to the object-oriented method,the process of modeling begins with classifying the information,and then describes the definition of the attributes and the structural relation of those objects. By means of the idea of Encapsulation and Inheritance,the destination of information integrating can be arrive and the model of information integrating can be set up. The model which is based on the share information is helpful to finish the function integrating and the whole CIMS' construction. Moreover,the system which is developed following such program can be reused for many times and the developing circle of CIMS can be apparently shortened,too.