Rhinitis and sinusitis involving Aspergillus fumigatus in a dog

Abstract

Extract

Fungi of the genus Aspergillus are ubiquitous, but their involvement in clinical disease in man and other mammals is relatively uncommon. When involved in a disease process they are generally considered to be a secondary complicating factor to other underlying local or systemic conditions (Zimmerman, 1955 Zimmerman, L. E. 1955. Fatal fungus infections complicating other diseases. Am. J. clin. Path., 25: 46–65.  [Google Scholar]; Smith, 1962 Smith, D. T. 1962. Symposium Summation. Lab. Invest., 11: 1239–1241.  [Google Scholar]; Cordes and Shortridge, 1968 Cook, W. R., Campbell, R. S. F. and Dawson, C. 1968. The pathology and aetiology of guttural pouch mycosis in the horse. Vet. Rec., 83: 422–438.  [Google Scholar]; Kilman et al, 1969 Kilman, T. W., Ahn, C., Andrews, M. C. and Klassen, K. 1969. Surgery for pulmonary aspergillosis. J., thorac. cardiovasc. Surg., 57: 642–647.  [Google Scholar]; McCausland, 1972 McCausland, I. P. 1972. Systemic mycoses in two cats. N.Z. vet. J., 20: 10–12. [Taylor &; Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]).     

Renal haemangioma in a dog

Twelve New Zealand isolates of avian Infectious Bronchitis virus were typed by the serum-neutralization test. Both the constant serum decreasing virus and the constant virus decreasing serum methods were used. Cross-protection tests in specific-pathogen-free chickens were also carried out.

Four groups of viruses, designated serotypes A, B, C and D were distinguished by both methods. Immunization with B, C and D gave some protection to challenge with type A.     

Congenital contraction of the gastrocnemius and superficial digital flexor muscles in a friesian calf

The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is a host for two louse species, Damalinia longicornis and Solenopotes burmeisteri. Little is known of their prevalence or population dynamics; numbers are likely to peak in winter. Numbers may increase secondarily to malnutrition or disease. Lice are unlikely to seriously affect deer health under most conditions. “Pour-on” insecticides have been used for treatment but their efficacy has not been critically assessed. Animals can be sprayed using garden spray equipment, providing that such equipment has not been used for other toxic chemicals such as weed killers. Little is known of the toxicity of insecticides for deer, so they should be used with care and not used on stressed animals. No lice have been recorded from the fallow deer (Dama dama) in New Zealand.

Dictyocaulus viviparus infects red and fallow deer and can cause high mortalities of young farmed red deer in their first autumn and winter. In clinical cases respiratory signs are seldom obvious but loss of condition and dullness of coat may be evident. Clinical evidence and lung lesions suggest that the pathogenesis of disease may differ from that in cattle. Anthelmintics effective against D. viviparus in cattle are not necessarily effective in deer. Little is known of the significance of lungworm to farmed fallow deer. Research on lungworm in deer is urgently needed.     

Vesico-ureteral reflux in the dog

Abstract

Extract

Recent interest in the subject of vesicoureteral reflux (regurgitation of the vesical contents into the ureters) in man has lead to many experimental investigations of this phenomenon in dogs (Ross and Thompson, 1963 Ross, G. and Thompson, I. M. 1963. The relationship of non-obstructive reflux and chronic pyelonephritis: An experimental study. J. Urol., 90: 391–394.  [Google Scholar]; Schoenberg et al, 1963 Schoenberg, H. W., Beisswanger, P., Howard, W., Walter, C. F. and Murphy, J. J. 1963. Effect of lower urinary tract infection upon ureteral function. Amer. Coll. Surgeons Surgical Forum, 14: 483–484.  [Google Scholar]; Levers and Metcalfe, 1964 Levers, P. E. and Metcalfe, J. O. 1964. Urethral resistance measurement: Vesicoureteral reflux and age. J. Urol., 91: 368–375.  [Google Scholar]; Schoenberg et al, 1964 Schoenberg, H. W., Beisswanger, P., Howard, W., Walter, C. F. and Murphy, J. J. 1964. Effect of lower urinary tract infection on ureteral function. J. Urol., 92: 107–108.  [Google Scholar]; Scott, 1964(a) Scott, J. E. S. 1964a. An experimental investigation into the effects of prolonged vesico-ureteric reflux. Brit. J. Urol., 36: 391–398.  [Google Scholar]; Scott, 1964(b) Scott, J. E. S. 1964b. An experimental study of urinary infection and vesico-ureteric reflux. Brit. J. Urol., 36: 501–509.  [Google Scholar]; Cass and Lenaghan, 1965 Cass, A. S. and Lenaghan, D. 1965. The influence of posture on the occurrence of vesico-ureteral reflux. Invest. Urol., 2: 523–529.  [Google Scholar]; Mori and Hara, 1965 Mori, Y. and Hara, T. 1965. Vesicoureteral reflux. Part I. Experimental observation on the mechanism of the prevention of vesicoureteral reflux. Mio. Med. Med. J., 14: 245–249.  [Google Scholar]; Sommer and Roberts, 1966 Sommer, J. L. and Roberts, J. A. 1966. Ureteral reflux resulting from chronic urinary infection in dogs: Long term studies. J. Urol., 95: 502–510.  [Google Scholar]; King and Idriss, 1967 King, L. R. and Idriss, F. S. 1967. The effect of vesicoureteral reflux on renal function in dogs. Invest. Urol., 4: 419–427.  [Google Scholar]). Little, however, has been written on the naturally-occurring condition seen in canine clinical practice. In fact, apart from isolated reports from experimental workers (Barksdale and Baker, 1930 Barksdale, E. S. and Baker, W. W. 1930. The effect of denervation of the lower ureter upon the incidence of ureteral reflux in the dog. J. Urol., 24: 263–268.  [Google Scholar]; Scott and de Luca, 1960 Scott, J. E. S. and de Luca, F. G. 1960. Further studies on the uretero-vesical junction of the dog. Brit. J. Urol., 32: 320–323.  [Google Scholar]) it has rarely been seriously considered as a complication of urinary disorders by practising veterinarians.     

Suspected primary hyperparathyroidism in the dog

Abstract

Extract

Primary hyperparathyroidism is the term given to a group of primary pathological conditions of the parathyroid gland which result in the excessive production of parathyroid hormone. It was first described as a disease entity in man by Barr et al. (1929 Barr, D. P., Bulger, H. A. and Dixon, H. H. 1929. Hyperparathyroidism. J. Amer. med. Ass., 92: 951–952.  [Google Scholar]) who grouped under this heading a series of conditions that had hitherto been described as osteomalacia, multiple cystic tumours of the bone, or parathyroid tumours.     

An unusual urethral defect in a dog

Extract

This paper describes a field trial designed to determine the value of bunamidine hydrochloride as an anthelmintic within the framework of the New Zealand hydatid eradication campaign and within an environment where there are no wild carnivorous animals host either to Echinococcus granulosus or to other Taeniidae with intermediate stages in sheep.     

The Functional Role of Oxytocin in the Induction of Oocyte Meiotic Resumption in Cattle

The aim of the present study was to examine the role of oxytocin (OT) in the progesterone (P4) and prostaglandins (PGs) pathway to induce oocyte meiotic resumption. Cumulus–oocyte complexes were co‐cultured with follicular hemisections for 15 h to determine the effects of different doses of OT or atosiban (ATO; oxytocin receptor antagonist) on oocyte meiotic resumption. In another experiment, we examined the effect of the interaction between P4, OT and PGs on the regulatory cascade of the oocyte meiotic resumption. Oxytocin at 1 μm was effective in inducing meiotic resumption in oocytes co‐cultured with follicular cells (84.0%), not differing from the positive control group (74.4%). Atosiban inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner the positive effect of OT on the meiotic resumption (27.6% metaphase I with 10 μm of ATO, which did not differ from the 25.5% of the negative control group). Furthermore, a third experiment showed that P4 was able to induce oocyte meiotic resumption, which was inhibited by ATO. However, the OT positive effect was not blocked by mifepristone (P4 antagonist), but was inhibited by indomethacin (a non‐selective PTGS2 inhibitor). Collectively, these data suggest a sequential role of P4, OT and PGs in the induction of oocyte meiotic resumption.     

Activity Patterns of Myosorex Varius And M. Cafer in Captivity

The circadian rhythms of captive Myosorex varius and M. cafer (Insectivora: Soricidae) were investigated. Both were predominantly nocturnal, M. varius being active for 4% of the day and 34% of the night, while comparable figures for M. cafer were 11% and 37% respectively. The mean level of daily activity in both forms was similar to that which appears to be characteristic of their subfamily, the Crocidurinae.