Immune responses of orange-spotted grouper,Epinephelus coioides,against virus-like particles of betanodavirus produced in Escherichia coli

Betanodaviruses are the causative agents of viral nervous necrosis (VNN), a serious disease of cultured marine fish worldwide. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are one of the good novel vaccine candidates to control this disease. Until now, betanodavirus vaccine studies mainly focused on the humoral immune response and mortality after virus challenge. However, little is known about the activation of genes responsible for cellular and innate immunity by vaccines. In the present study, VLPs of orange-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (OGNNV) were produced in prokaryotes and their ability to enter Asian sea bass cells was the same as native virus, suggesting that they possess a similar structure to OGNNV. VLPs immunogenicity was then determined by intramuscularly vaccinating Epinephelus coioides at different concentrations (1.5 or 15 μg g^?1 fish body weight, FBW) and immunizing frequencies (administration once, twice and thrice). A single vaccination with the dosage of 1.5 μg g^?1 FBW is enough to provoke high titer antibodies (average 3 fold higher than that of negative control) with strong neutralizing antibody titer as early as 1 week post immunization. Furthermore, quantitative PCR analysis revealed that eleven genes associated with humoral, cellular and innate immunities were up-regulated in the liver, spleen and head kidney at 12 h post immunization, correlating with the early antibody response. In conclusion, we demonstrated that VLP vaccination induced humoral immune responses and activated genes associated with cellular and innate immunity against betanodavirus infection in orange-spotted grouper.     

丹参地上部分正丁醇萃取部位化学成分检测及其抗脑缺血研究

筛选丹参地上部分抗脑缺血的活性部位,并检测其所含化学成分,对丹参的开发和利用具有重要意义。采用D101大孔吸附树脂吸附丹参地上部分正丁醇萃取部位,将其分离纯化为多个部位。以昆明小鼠常压缺氧模型和不完全性脑缺血模型筛选有效部位;将筛选出的活性部位再用聚酰胺柱分离为不同部位,选用上述模型进行活性部位筛选;并用高效液相检测筛选的活性部位所含化学成分。结果表明:D-101大孔树脂经体积分数为50%和75%乙醇洗脱部位能显著增加小鼠常压耐缺氧时间,延长小鼠全脑缺血后的存活时间(P0.01);聚酰胺柱分离后的水洗部位可显著增加小鼠常压耐缺氧时间和小鼠全脑缺血后的存活时间(P0.01);高效液相检测聚酰胺柱分离的水洗部位含有原儿茶醛、咖啡酸、丹参素。丹参地上部分正丁醇萃取部位聚酰胺柱分离的水洗部位为有效部位,检测出有效成分为原儿茶醛、咖啡酸、丹参素。     

浅析九里香在医药上的应用

概述了九里香及其组合物用于镇痛、消炎,麻醉,治疗骚痒、疥疮,除臭及其他利用,为综合开发利用九里香提供参考。     

文心兰切花栽培技术和经验浅谈

从文心兰生长特点、生活环境、品种选择出发,结合海南地区实际情况,对文心兰切花栽培技术进行综述,重点总结了文心兰切花生产中的栽培基质、水肥管理、病虫害防治技术,并对如何提高文心兰切花产量提出可行性对策。     

中国对虾往西北内陆咸水水域移植的生产性试养研究

本文介绍了通过采用引进河水、压碱降盐等改良水质的技术措施,使中国对虾首次成功地移植到内陆咸水水域。经过1个月的试养,中国对虾平均体长增长3.82 cm,平均体重为1.82 g。     

pH值和Ca~（2＋）浓度对日本沼虾生长和能量收支的影响

本文报道了不同ｐＨ值（６．５、７．５和８．５）和不同Ｃａ２＋浓度（３８．８．６１．１和７８．８ｐｐｍ）对日本沼虾生长和能量收支的影响。实验结果表明，ｐＨ值对该虾的生长有一定的影响，Ｃａ２＋和ｐＨ值在影响其生长的过程中可能有一定的交互作用。ｐＨ值和Ｃａ２＋对该虾生长的影响主要是通过影响其能量摄入量实现的。本实验条件下，该虾摄入的能量平均有１５．８％用于生长，１．８％作为粪便排出体外，其余用于呼吸和排泄。     

推广茶园生产机械化 助推茶产业提档升级

宜都市农业（机）技术推广部门强化农机农艺融合,推行茶园生产机械化、标准化建设,助推了茶产业的转型升级.     

不同环境因子联接方法对崩岗易发性评价的影响

[目的] 研究不同联接方法对崩岗易发性的影响,为区域崩岗的精细化空间预测提供理论依据,进而为合理、经济、高效地做好防灾减灾提供科学支持。[方法] 基于随机森林模型,选择改进频率比(ALSA)与传统频率比(FR)两种不同联接方法,通过地理探测器选取年平均降雨量、年平均降雨侵蚀力、土壤可蚀性、坡长因子、黏粒含量、坡度、砂粒含量、标准化VH通道后向散射系数(表征地表覆被的性质)作为评价指标,以江西省兴国县永丰镇为例开展崩岗易发性评价。[结果] ①ALSA-RF模型较FR-RF模型精度更高,ACC,AUC值分别为83.89%,0.893 0; ②研究区极高、高易发区主要分布于其西南区域,这与实际崩岗分布情况较吻合。[结论] 改进频率比的联接方法较传统频率比方法可以更好地体现区域崩岗的分布规律,可为滑坡研究领域中的类似问题提供借鉴。     

Water-Soluble Polysaccharides Extracted from Pueraria lobata Delay Aging of Caenorhabditis elegans under Heat Stress

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Pueraria lobata is a perennial legume, commonly used as a food source in China. The polysaccharides extracted from P. lobata have demonstrated various biological...