回归最优设计法在水培白菜肥料效应中的应用

利用“416-A”回归最优设计研究Ca(NO3)2?4H2O、KNO3、NH4H2PO4、MgSO4?7H2O对水培白菜的产量效应。数学模拟建立了四种肥料与白菜产量的回归方程：y=97.808-4.337x1+3.445x2-2.690x3+8.299x4-6.894x1x2+17.331x1x3-7.389x1x4-3.191x2x3+6.364x2x4+0.063x3x4-9.629x12-17.150x22-17.915x32-24.066x42。经检验回归关系显著，并对回归系数进行了检验。从回归方程可得：MgSO4?7H2O对产量以直接作用为主，其次为Ca(NO3)2?4H2O、KNO3和NH4H2PO4。Ca(NO3)2?4H2O与其它三种肥料均有交互作用，其中与NH4H2PO4交互作用达极显著水平。从产量效应回归关系优选出配方浓度为：Ca(NO3)2?4H2O：971mg/L；KNO3：931mg/L；NH4H2PO4：204mg/L；MgSO4?7H2O：581mg/L。采用回归最优设计结合水培研究肥料效应精确可行。     

不同熟化度红壤及红壤性水稻土的腐殖质组成及其特性

土壤腐殖质是评价红壤肥力的重要因素^[2],根据前人研究^[8,3,1]:一般土壤腐殖质的含量及组成受土壤地带性的影响。胡敏酸与富啡酸的比值自南向北逐渐递增,红壤胡敏酸与富啡酸的比值小于1。本文着重研究同一地区自然成土因素类同的情况下,红壤通过水旱耕作和培肥,土壤腐殖质的组成及特性的变化。     

Availability of Heavy Metals for Brassica Chinensis Grown in an Acidic Loamy Soil Amended with a Domestic and an Industrial Sewage Sludge

The use of sewage sludge on agriculture provides an alternativefor sewage sludge disposal. Therefore, it was the aim of thepresent study to evaluate the feasibility of using a domestic(Tai Po sludge) and an industrial (Yuen Long sludge) sewagesludge produced in Hong Kong for the growth of vegetable crops.The acidic loamy soil with or without lime treatment was amendedseparately with each sludge at application rates of 0, 5, 10, 25and 50% (v/v) for the growth of a common local vegetable crop,Brassica chinensis. The plant available metal contents, asindicated by the DTPA extraction, increased with an increase insludge amendment, but decreased with lime amendment at eachsludge application rate due to the reduced metal availabilityat a higher pH. Sludge amendment enhanced the dry weight yieldof B. chinensis and the increase was more obvious for thesoil with lime treatment. The industrial sludge caused a loweryield than that of the domestic sludge amendment and asignificant reduction in yield at high application rates of YuenLong sludge was also noted. Tissue heavy metal contents, exceptfor Fe, increased as the sludge amendment rate increased whileplant grown in Yuen Long sludge amended soil contained higher Crand Zn contents at each sludge application rate. Liming the soilreduced the heavy metal contents in the plant tissues, exceptfor Fe, which were all below the allowable levels for vegetablecrops. The present experiment demonstrates that liming wasimportant in facilitating the growth of B. chinensis in sludge amended soil. The optimal sludge amendment rate for thesoil with lime amendment was 25% Tai Po sludge and 10% YuenLong sludge, while for the soil without lime amendment was 10% and5%, respectively.     

不同铵硝比营养液对生菜生长发育影响的研究

氮素是作物生长所必需的营养元素之一。在一般情况下，作物能够吸收利用的氮素形态有多种。但从营养学角度来说，植物生长的主要氮源为NH4^＋-N和NO3^-—N。由于作物本身遗传特性和营养特点以及环境条件的差异，作物对NH4^＋-N和NO3^--N的吸收利用和适宜性也有不同。对蔬菜作物来说，     

洪雅县退耕竹林碳储量时空格局

建立退耕还林重点示范县洪雅县竹林碳储量多元线性回归遥感模型,基于碳储量遥感模型估算出四川省洪雅县退耕还林以前(1994年)、退耕还林后第4年(2004年)和退耕还林后第7年(2007年)的竹林碳储量,利用地理信息系统软件对竹林碳储量的时空格局变化进行定量分析。结果表明:13年间(1994—2007年)洪雅县竹林碳储量和面积均呈现逐年上升趋势,前期(1994—2004年)增速大于后期(2004—2007年);竹林碳储量和面积分布规律相似,都呈现出向低海拔、平缓坡和各坡向发展的趋势,其中2004年>25°坡度区域竹林碳储量和面积变化最明显,2004年>25°坡度区域竹林碳储量增加量占总增加量的79.53%,竹林面积增加量占总增加量的78.18%,表明退耕还林工程的实施是区域竹林碳储量与面积增加的驱动力;竹林碳密度呈现先降后升总体略微降低的特点,1994年碳密度最高为33.76tC·hm-2,2004年下降为33.25tC·hm-2,2007年又恢复到33.67tC·hm-2;利用克里金插值(Kriging)对模型进行优化可在一定程度上提高预测精度。     

沉水植物化感作用抑制藻类生长的研究进展

根据国内外相关报道,重点对9科15种沉水植物化感作用物质的构成及抑制15种藻类的生长,沉水植物化感作用抑制藻类生长的机理等方面的研究进展进行综合评述。     

Rapid detection of self-biting disease of mink by specific sequence-characterized amplified regions

Self-biting disease occurred in most farmed fur animals in the world. The mechanism and rapid detection method of this disease has not been reported. We applied bulked sergeant analysis (BSA) in combination with RAPD method to analyze a molecular genetic marker linked with self-biting trait in mink group. The molecular marker was converted into sequence-characterized amplified regions (SCAR) marker for rapid detection of this disease. A single RAPD marker A8 amplified a specific band of 263bp in self-biting minks, which was designated as SRA8-250, and non-specific band of 315bp in both self-biting and healthy minks. The sequences of the bands exhibited 75% and 88% similarity to Canis familiarizes major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region and Macaca mulatta MHC class I region, respectively. A SCAR marker SCAR-A8 was designed for the specific fragment SRA8-250 and validated in 30 self-biting minks and 30 healthy minks. Positive amplification of SCAR-A8 was detected in 24 self-biting minks and 12 healthy minks. χ2 test showed significant difference (p<0.01) in the detection rate between the two groups. This indicated that SRA8-250 can be used as a positive marker to detect self-biting disease in minks. Furthermore, the finding that self-biting disease links with MHC genes has significant implications for the mechanism of the disease.     

荸荠秆枯病菌生物学性状研究

荸荠秆枯菌（ＣｙｌｉｎｄｒｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍｅｌｅｏｃｈａｒｉｄｉｓＬｅｎｔｚ）生长发育温度８～３５℃，最适于菌丝体生长、产孢的温度为２５～３０℃，２０～２８℃孢子萌芽率较高。致死温度４６℃１０ｍｉｎ。病菌在ＲＨ７５％以上生长良好，其产孢量则随湿度升高而增加。ＲＨ８１％以上孢子可以发芽，饱和湿度再加水滴时发芽率最高。ＰＨ４．５０～９．１３均较适于病菌生长，产孢量则以在ＰＨ６．９４～９．１３时较多，ＰＨ４．２０～７．６０较适宜孢子发芽。连续黑光灯照射有促进孢子形成和菌丝体旺盛生长的作用。此菌对多种单糖、双糖和多糖都能利用，以蜜二糖、麦芽糖、葡萄糖等产孢量较多。适于病菌生长和产孢的氮源是甘氨酸、ＤＬ－α－氨基丙酸和氨基乙酸，脲素较差。     

温度势梯度下土壤水平一维水盐运动特征的实验研究

为了分析温度势梯度作用下的土壤水平一维水盐运动特征,该文对土柱中存在温度势梯度时不同初始含水率下水盐运动的实验结果进行了分析。通过对瞬态温度变化过程和稳态温度形成特征的探讨,研究了温度势梯度存在时水平一维土柱中水盐运动的特点。在温度势梯度影响下土壤水分总体上从暖端向冷端迁移,而土壤盐分则以某位置为临界点在暖端累积,在该临界位置前后土壤含盐量与初始含盐量相比,由高于该值到低于该值,并在接近冷端处与初始值相同