利用SSR分析84个枣品种遗传多样性

利用11对SSR引物对84个枣品种进行分析,共检测到37个多态性位点,PIC值变幅为0.19~0.67,平均为0.48。依照枣原产地将其分为4类,遗传一致度为0.928 6~0.993 5,遗传多样性表现为华北地区华中地区华东地区西北地区,其中华北地区与华东地区的亲缘关系最近。基于UPGMA法聚类分析表明,11对SSR引物可以区分本试验中82.3%的枣品种,其遗传距离为0.00~0.52,均值为0.15,但并没有依照原产地完全区分开。     

Effect of DHA Containing Oils and Powders on Baking Performance and Quality of White Pan Bread

Different sources of DHA and/or n-3 (omega-3) rich oils, oil emulsions and microencapsulated (ME) powders were tested at two different concentrations with the aim of producing fortified pan bread. Three oils (S-algae, fish and flax), two emulsified algae oils (Emulsion-P and Emulsion-L) and two ME oils (ME-S algae and ME-C algae) were compared. The DHA and n-3 oils replaced part of the shortening in order to obtain 32 g slices enriched with 25 or 50 mg DHA, 35 or 70 mg total n-3 from fish oil and 90 or 180 mg linolenic from flax oil. Addition of oils did not significantly affect water absorption but reduced mix time whereas addition of the ME oils decreased both water absorption and mix time. Breads enriched with flax or ME-C oils had lower volume and higher density than the control, ME-S algae, Emulsion-P and Emulsion-L breads. All breads lost texture throughout 14 d storage, the major changes occurred after 3 d. The ME-S algae oil bread had the best softness after 14 d storage whereas breads produced from ME-S algae or ME-C algae oils had the poorest texture. Sensory evaluations indicated that the color of the ME-S algae oil fortified bread was significantly less preferred than the other loaves. After 6 d the control bread had higher acceptability compared with the rest of the breads enriched with high levels of DHA or omega-3 oils. The high-enriched fish oil bread was well accepted during the first days of storage but had the least preferred acceptability after 13 d. The best fortified breads were those supplemented with S-algae oil, Emulsion-P and Emulsion-L oils.     

四种大黄属高山药用植物蒽醌类成分含量的测定

为比较掌叶大黄、喜马拉雅大黄、菱叶大黄、头序大黄4种高山药用大黄中蒽醌类成分含量的差异,采用紫外分光光度法,以大黄素为对照品,0.5%醋酸镁-甲醇溶液为显色剂,测定了样品溶液在510nm处的吸光度。结果表明,4种大黄中总蒽醌和结合蒽醌的含量为喜马拉雅大黄掌叶大黄菱叶大黄头序大黄,游离蒽醌的含量为喜马拉雅大黄掌叶大黄头序大黄菱叶大黄,与藏药用大黄的等级划分基本一致。     

温室黄瓜育苗中生物菌肥的促根壮秧及化肥减施效果

以温室黄瓜穴盘苗为对象,研究了不同营养液浓度(1倍、1/2倍、1/4倍和0倍)下不同生物菌肥[丰田宝(FTB)、地福来(DFL)、植动力(ZDL)、自制菌肥(ZZ)]的促根壮秧及化肥减施效果.结果表明:与不施肥和单施生物菌肥相比,生物菌肥与营养液混施均提高了黄瓜幼苗的株高、茎粗、叶片数及壮苗指数,其中100％营养液+Z...     

藏北地区土壤水分遥感反演模型的研究

土壤水分是反映地表土壤特性的重要表征参量,也是遥感反演领域的一个热点问题。利用MODIS卫星数据第7波段对水分变化较敏感的特点,构建了一种简单实用的土壤水分反演回归模型。结果表明,利用该模型计算的预测值与实地观测值间的相关性比较好,达到了显著水平(P0.001),可以作为研究区土壤含水量遥感反演回归模型。由于该方法具有简单实用的特点,为高原土壤水分遥感监测提供了可行的方法。     

那曲东部土壤水分MODIS遥感反演研究

利用那曲东部2014年8月至2015年7月土壤水分观测资料与同期MODIS数据建立了研究区土壤水分遥感监测模型。表观热惯量法(ATI)反演土壤水分结果不理想,基于MODIS 8天合成数据以及晴空数据拟合结果的决定系数分别为0.4503和0.3753,晴空条件下ATI方法监测效果较差。基于单窗方法建立的四种模型中,三次多项式模型拟合效果较好,决定系数为0.5475,分析认为排除冬季数据后建模效果更好。结论:基于单窗方法的三次多项式模型能较好的反演研究区土壤水分,不足之处为对天气要求较高,若无晴空遥感数据,将影响土壤水分监测工作的开展。     

典型黑土环境下的高、低镉积累白菜品种筛选及耐性比较

为探究不同白菜(Brassica pekinensis L.)品种在典型黑土环境中的镉敏感程度和镉积累特性,筛选出具备高镉、低镉积累特征的耐镉品种。试验以东北地区20种主栽白菜品种为材料进行盆栽模拟试验,研究基于不同白菜品种镉胁迫下的剂量-效应、镉积累特征,对得到的高、低镉积累品种的浓度积累效应及氧化损伤程度进行评估。结果显示:供试品种间剂量-效应差异明显,JF和BCCRQJ为镉耐性最强两个品种,耐受阈值分别为1.204 mg·kg~(-1)和1.036 mg·kg~(-1)。高镉浓度下(≥0.6 mg·kg~(-1))JF叶镉含量最低,根向叶迁移系数(TF)、叶富集系数(BCF)均小于1;BCCRQJ净化率最高。土壤镉含量与两者根、叶积累量、过氧化氢(H_2O_2)、超氧阴离子(O_2~-)、丙二醛(MDA)、游离脯氨酸(FPRO)均呈正相关,与净化率呈负相关(P0.05),此外高浓度下BCCRQJ氧化损伤程度较JF更高。综合试验结果表明,JF是镉耐性极高的低积累品种,而BCCRQJ为镉耐受力略逊于JF的高积累品种。     

青海班玛地区藏族药用民族植物学研究

对青海班玛地区藏族药用民族植物学进行了调查。结果表明,班玛地区藏族药用植物有478种,隶属于70科228属,藏族在选择药用植物种类、药用部位、采收季节、加工炮制、饮用方法等方面具有独特性。为该地区的药用植物资源的保护和可持续利用,提出了相应的建议。