鹅细小病毒河北流行株HBZF07 NS1基因的克隆与序列分析

鹅细小病毒HBZF07株经13日龄鹅胚增殖后收集尿囊液,提取病毒基因组总DNA,采用PCR方法,一次性扩增出与预期大小相符的特异性条带.将扩增产物提纯回收后克隆入pMD18-T载体,经转化、筛选及酶切鉴定后,对阳性克隆进行了序列测定和序列分析.测序后拼接的基因长1 892 bp,包含完整的NS1开放阅读框(1 884 bp),编码623个氨基酸.与GenBank中其它毒株的NS1基因核苷酸序列相比,同源性分别为DY(EF515837)98.4%,与B(GPU25749)为99.2%,与HG5/82(AY506546)为93.9%,与YG(AF416726)为93.9%,与SHM319(GPU34761)为97.0%.     

Evaluation of Thermal Environment of Cowshed and Correlation Analysis Between Thermal Parameter and Physiological Parameter of Dairy Cows in Central Plain of Hebei

The purpose of this study was to evaluate thermal environment of cowshed in four seasons in central plain of Hebei,and analyze the correlation between the temperature parameters and physiological indexes of dairy cows.Three dairy cow houses with different building structures were selected,the thermal parameters (ambient temperature (Ta) and relative humidity (RH)) and physiological parameters (respiratory rate,rectal temperature and body surface temperature) were detected.The results showed that the Ta,RH and index of temperature and humidity (THI) changed significantly in four seasons (P<0.05),the average daily temperature in summer was the highest (28.59 ℃),and the average daily temperature in winter was the lowest (1.55 ℃).In summer,dairy cows were suffering from mild heat stress for 15.5 h every day,and from moderate heat stress for 6.0 h.In winter,dairy cows were under mild cold stress for an average of 12.0 h per day.The Ta and THI of three cowsheds in each season had no significant differece (P>0.05),except for that in winter.Compared with the cowshed with low wall or roller blind,the average Ta in the cowshed with only roof was 0.80-1.27 ℃ higher in summer and 1.36-1.84 ℃ lower in winter.In addition,the physiological parameters of dairy cows were extremely significantly higher in summer than those in other seasons (P<0.01).The respiration frequency or rectal temperature of cows among cowsheds in summer were significantly different (P<0.05),and the seasonal difference in body surface temperature was significant (P<0.05).Correlation analysis of thermal parameters and cow physiological parameters showed that the respiratory frequency,rectal temperature and body surface temperature were positively correlated with THI and Ta (P<0.05).However,there was no significant correlation between physiological parameters and RH (P>0.05).The results provided scientific basis for environment evaluation of cows,and physiological status of dairy cows were inferred according to environmental thermal parameters,which provided data for occurrence and early warning of stress.     

鸭副黏病毒的分离与鉴定

从广东省某鸭场的病死番鸭肝脏中分离一株病毒,该病毒对雏鸭、种鸭、蛋鸭均可引起发病。接种鸭胚传至第6代时病毒对鸡红细胞的血凝性稳定,通常在72h开始致死非免疫鸭胚,死亡率为80%。经磷钨酸负染电镜观察,病毒粒子多呈现椭圆形,长轴为167～264nm,短轴为131～139nm,病毒外表有囊膜,囊膜外层有排列整齐的纤突。病毒与禽流感病毒无抗原相关性,能被禽副黏病毒I型阳性血清所中和。根据试验结果,初步将分离的病毒判定为鸭副黏病毒。     

河北省奶牛牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病病毒的分离鉴定

从河北省某规模化奶牛场牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病(BVD/MD)疑似病例中采集病料,将处理好的病料接种MDBK细胞,盲传9代,得到了不产生细胞病变的病毒。琼脂扩散试验表明本病毒能与牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)OregonC24标准阳性血清反应,出现沉淀线;细胞培养物用BVD/MD荧光抗体染色检测,可见到荧光着染的特异性细胞,荧光颗粒出现于胞浆中。双抗体夹心ELISA检测病毒抗原结果BVDVOregonC24VP/N为3.141,分离毒P/N为3.012,P/N>2,与BVDVOregonC24V结果一致;电镜观察到圆形、直径为40～60nm,有囊膜,囊膜表面有突起的病毒粒子,与BVDV颗粒基本一致。经RT-CR检测,扩增出了唯一的315bp的目的条带,进一步证实为牛病毒性腹泻/粘膜病病毒。     

苹果高酸品种绿宝的茎尖培养快繁技术研究

以高酸苹果品种绿宝(G reen-gem)为试材,用MS BA 1.2mg/L NAA 0.8mg/L做启动分化培养基,进行茎尖培养快繁技术研究。结果表明,最佳增殖培养基为MS BA 1.0mg/L IBA 0.5mg/L和MS BA 1.0mg/L IBA 0.3mg/L,增殖系数达5以上;最佳生根培养基为1/2MS IBA 0.2mg/L IAA 0.4mg/L,生根率达100%。生根苗经严格的驯化锻炼和过渡移栽后移栽于大田,成活率达98%以上。     

应用可拓学原理评价黄瓜根分泌物的化感潜势

 对黄瓜组培根分泌物的化感潜势进行可拓评价, 得出黄瓜组培根分泌物对菜豆幼苗生长有显著促进作用, 而对其它3种作物有明显的毒害作用, 毒害程度为黄瓜>甜瓜>番茄。同时, 建立了黄瓜组培根分泌液的化感效应的数学模型R_E = [ k₁R_p0 / ( k₂ - k₁ ) ] ( e^{- k1t} - e^{- k2t} ) ( e- ^k1a - e^{- k2a} ) , 说明了黄瓜组培根分泌液的化感效应与组培根培养时间( t) 以及根分泌液浓度( a) 显著相关。黄瓜根分泌物对4种受体作物显示出显著的化学干扰差异, 论证了植物种内(间) 发生的干扰作用与植物的品种(系) 有关, 从理论上得出菜豆可以作为黄瓜的间套作物或下茬作物。     

盐胁迫下百合两个品种的叶绿体和线粒体超微结构比较

 对两个百合品种盐胁迫下超微结构的变化进行了研究分析。结果表明: ‘Prato’对照和低盐浓度处理下, 叶肉细胞内细胞器丰富, 叶绿体片层排列整齐, 高盐处理导致细胞器减少, 叶绿体解体; 而‘Sorbonne’在低盐处理水平表现异常, 其细胞器降解, 叶绿体空化, 片层排列松散, 且两品种的线粒体较叶绿体早表现出异常, 故推测可能是线粒体结构的损伤进而功能丧失, 最终导致叶绿体结构和功能的破坏,叶片提前衰老。     

乙·乙氧氟乳油防除大蒜田杂草的效果

通过43%乙.乙氧氟乳油对大蒜田杂草的防除试验表明,该除草剂是一种高效安全的大蒜田播后苗前除草剂,推荐田间应用剂量以43%乙.乙氧氟乳油100~120 m l/667m2为宜。     

丙谷胺对产蛋鸡摄食行为及内分泌的影响

选用35周龄伊莎蛋鸡8只,分别安装慢性颈静脉血管插管.实验采用自身对照法,对照期饲喂基础日粮,丙谷胺期在喂料前填喂丙谷胺.应用摄食行为计算机监测系统(FIDAS系统)记录各个实验期产蛋鸡喂料后4h内的采食行为数据,并测定有关血液生化指标.结果显示,实验期(填喂丙谷胺后)与对照期相比较,产蛋鸡午前(8:00～12:00)与午后(13:00～17:00)4 h内摄食量分别增加27.69%与30.41%(P＜0.05),摄食时间分别降低15.67%与3.75%,摄食餐数分别增加12.32%与27.2%(P＜0.05);血糖水平分别降低5.44%与18.03%(P＜0.01),瘦素水平分别升高2.59%与7.19%,胰岛素水平分别升高33.09%(P＜0.05)与24.5%(P＜0.05).提示丙谷胺能够促进蛋鸡摄食,并影响有关内分泌激素的水平.     

产前不同营养水平对围产期健康奶牛血清总胆红素、蛋白及转氨酶的影响

将健康的围产期奶牛30头随机分为三组，分别于产前28d开始饲喂NRC标准日粮（营养水平100％组，即Ⅰ组）、NRC标准增加20％日粮（营养水平120％组，即Ⅱ组）和NRC标准减少20％日粮（营养水平80％组，即Ⅲ组），产后各组奶牛均饲喂标准泌乳日粮，至产后56d结束，观察干奶期不同营养水平对围产期健康奶牛血清总胆红素、蛋白及转氨酶的影响。试验结果表明，围产期是机体生理状况处于剧烈变化的时期，奶牛产后的蛋白质代谢活动、转氨酶活性较产前明显增强；但健康奶牛均能通过调整糖代谢、脂代谢和蛋白质代谢，促进能量与营养物质间的相互转化，适应机体的各种生理变化。