Importance of mitochondrial calcium uniporter in high glucose-induced cardiac myocyte apoptosis

AIM: To investigate the role of mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in high glucose(HG)-induced apoptosis of cardiac myocytes. METHODS: Cardiac myocytes were exposed to normal glucose (5.5 mmol/L glucose+ 19.5 mmol/L mannitol), HG (25 mmol/L glucose), or HG combined with 5 μmol/L spermine for 72 h. Mitochondrial free Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_m), MCU at mRNA and protein levels, pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ_m), the levels of ATP and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis were determined. RESULTS: The [Ca²⁺]_m, the mRNA and protein levels of MCU, PDH activity, ATP levels, and Δψ_m were reduced (P<0.05), while ROS content and the protein levels of caspase-9 and caspase-3 were increased in HG group (P<0.05). Adding 5 μmol/L spermine returned these parameters toward control levels (P<0.05). Moreover, apoptosis was reduced by adding spermine and HG treatment (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: HG-induced cardiac myocyte apoptosis may be associated with the decreased MCU expression and activity, abnormal mitochondrial Ca²⁺ handling, deviant mitochon-drial respiratory chain, and mitochondrial dysfunction.     

二维色谱分析技术及其在烟草行业中的应用

二维色谱峰容量高,且有着强劲的分离与分辨能力,使得二维色谱在分析复杂组分时极具优势。概述了3种不同的二维色谱分析技术(气相-气相二维色谱、液相-液相二维色谱、液相-气相二维色谱)的原理以及其他相关内容,分类介绍了每种二维色谱,并简述了二维色谱在烟草行业中的应用,最后对二维色谱的发展趋势及其在烟草行业中的应用做了展望。     

不同种子处理方法下长枝木霉T6菌株对小油菜促生作用及生理特性的影响

为了明确长枝木霉T6菌株(Trichoderma longibrachiatm)对小油菜(Brassica chinensis)促生效果及生理特性的影响,通过水琼脂培养法、浸泡法和灌根法进行种子处理,并测定了长枝木霉T6菌株及其孢子悬浮液和发酵滤液处理后小油菜种子活性、根系发育及幼苗叶绿素和可溶性蛋白含量的变化情况。结果表明：与对照相比,采用水琼脂培养法,接种长枝木霉T6菌株后小油菜种子发芽率、发芽指数、胚根长度、胚芽长度、幼苗鲜重和干重相对增长率分别为2.51%、20.55%、70.79%、21.98%、32.00%和30.00%,幼苗根系总投影面积、总根表面积、平均根系直径、总根体积和根尖数相对增长率分别为58.49%、58.79%、18.18%、100.00%和77.88%;采用种子浸泡法,浓度为1.0×10⁷ cfu·mL^-1长枝木霉T6菌株孢子悬浮液处理后显著提高了小油菜种子发芽率、发芽指数、胚根长度、胚芽长度、幼苗鲜重和干重,其相对增长率分别为2.06%、19.60%、82.21%、43.36%、31.58%和40.00%,根系总...     

围栏与不同放牧强度对东祁连山高寒草甸植被和土壤的影响

在东祁连山高寒草地,对围栏7年和不同放牧强度的草地进行了物种数、地上生物量、地下生物量、土壤理化性质等研究。结果表明,围栏7年的高寒草地鲜草产量为425.8 g·m-2,显著高于夏季中牧159.3 g·m-2和夏季重牧91.0 g·m-2,但与冬季轻牧、夏季轻牧差异不显著。围栏条件下的物种数为26.3种·16 m-2,显著低于其他放牧条件下的物种数,但显著高于夏季重牧条件下的物种数23.0种·16 m-2;轻度或重度放牧都会使物种数减少,夏季中牧下的物种数最高(33.5种·16 m-2)。在0~10 cm的表层土壤中,围栏7年的草地根系生物量显著高于其他放牧强度。随着放牧强度的增加,根系生物量在0~10 cm土壤中呈下降趋势,在30~40 cm土壤中则表现为升高趋势。围栏7年的土壤容重低于其他放牧强度下的土壤容重,但差异不显著;夏季重牧的土壤容重显著高于围栏7年和其他放牧强度的土壤容重。随着放牧强度的增加,0~10 cm土壤碱解氮增加,围栏7年草地最低。围栏封育可有效改善和恢复草地植被,但不能长时间禁牧不进行放牧利用。合理的放牧能够维护高寒草甸草地生态系统功能、促进物种丰富度和土壤营养的均衡。     

刺槐白粉病病原菌鉴定

<正>刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)又名洋槐,属蝶形花科刺槐属的落叶乔木。原生于北美洲,现被广泛引种到亚洲、欧洲等地。刺槐白粉病是刺槐叶部、嫩枝病害,能降低叶片光合作用,严重的引起叶部畸形、茎尖和枝梢枯死。Braun最早记载中国刺槐白粉病病原菌为Microsphaera subtrichotoma~([1,2])。刺槐白粉病在日本也有报道,引起白粉病的病原菌为Erysiphe     

3种除草剂对甘薯田杂草的田间防效试验

为明确乙草胺、乙氧氟草醚、二甲戊乐灵3种除草剂对甘薯的安全性和对甘薯田杂草的防治效果,进行了田间小区试验。结果表明：各处理对甘薯安全,综合30、45d调查结果,喷洒50％乙草胺乳油4500mL／hm^2对禾本科杂草株防效较好;喷洒24％乙氧氟草醚乳油1500mL／hm^2对阔叶杂草防效较好;喷洒50％乙草胺乳油4500mL／hm^2、24％乙氧氟草醚乳油750mL／hm^2和24％乙氧氟草醚乳油1500mL／hm^23个处理对杂草的综合防效较好。30d综合株防效分别为73．05％、65．55％、83．81％;45d综合株防效分别为86．26％、84．54％、88．81％,鲜重防效分别为92．90％、97．11％、97．80％,可有效防除甘薯田杂草。     

利它素对中华通草蛉不同龄期幼虫捕食行为的影响

本文测定了棉蚜及棉花嫩梢不同溶剂提取液对中华通草蛉捕食行为的影响。结果表明，棉花受害嫩梢及未受害嫩梢提取液对中华通草蛉幼虫捕食行为无明显影响；棉蚜虫体浆液、棉蚜水提液，均含有很强的利它素活性物质，而棉蚜无水乙醇提取液利它素活性物质含量甚微，中华通草蛉各龄幼虫对棉蚜水提液均表现有明显的滞留和调转行为。     

禽流感H9亚型病毒WD株毒种的纯化研究

采用鸡胚终点稀释法并结合ND抗血清中和法对禽流感H9亚型病毒WD株毒种进行了纯化。将纯化的WD株毒种在SPF鸡胚连续传12代，对各代次毒种进行了毒价测定，选择一定代次的毒种进行了免疫原性试验及外源病毒检验。结果表明，WD株在鸡胚中连续传12代，其HA价稳定在1：512—1：1024，毒价在10^7.0-10^8.3 EID50／0．1mL；不同代次毒种不含外源病毒，免疫原性均符合要求。由此可见，毒种的纯化方法是有效的，将WD株毒种限制在12代内是可行的，并建立了该毒种的种子批。     

拖拉机电性能虚拟综合测试系统设计与试验

基于虚拟仪器构建了拖拉机电性能综合测试系统,以满足整车条件下拖拉机电器功耗、电器部件匹配选型等研究测试需要。首先在分析拖拉机电性能测试要求的基础上,对硬件进行选型。然后设计了以美国NI cRIO控制器为核心的测试系统,实现对蓄电池和发电机端电压和电流、发动机转速、车速、温度等信号同步采集。给出了测试系统的虚拟软件设计方案,包括在数据采集器中运行的FPGA软件和实时软件,以及在上位机中的数据采集与分析软件等。最后进行了电流精度对比试验和拖拉机电性能场地实车试验,试验验证了本系统电流采样精度和工作可靠性。     

Genetic Analysis and Molecular Mapping of a Stripe Rust Resistance Gene YrH9014 in Wheat Line H9014-14-4-6-1

Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most widespread and destructive wheat diseases in many wheat-growing regions of the world. The winter wheat translocation line H9014-14-4-6-1 has all stage resistance. To identify stripe rust resistance genes, the segregating populations were developed from the cross between H9014-14-4-6-1 and Mingxian 169 (a wheat cultivar susceptible to all Pst races identified in China). The seedlings of the parents and F 1 plants, F2 , F3 and BC 1 generations were tested with Pst races under controlled greenhouse conditions. Two genes for resistance to stripe rust were identified, one dominant gene conferred resistance to SUN11-4, temporarily designated YrH9014 and the other recessive gene conferred resistance to CYR33. The bulked segregant analysis and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to identify polymorphic markers associated with YrH9014. Seven polymorphic SSR markers were used to genotype the F2 population inoculated with SUN11-4. A linkage map was constructed according to the genotypes of seven SSR markers and resistance gene. The molecular map spanned 24.3 cM, and the genetic distance of the two closest markers Xbarc13 and Xbarc55 to gene locus was 1.4 and 3.6 cM, respectively. Based on the position of SSR marker, the resistance gene YrH9014 was located on chromosome arm 2BS. Amplification of a set of nulli-tetrasomic Chinese Spring lines with SSR marker Xbarc13 indicated that YrH9014 was located on chromosome 2B. Based on chromosomal location, the reaction patterns and pedigree analysis, YrH9014 should be a novel resistance gene to stripe rust. This new gene and flanking markers got from this study should be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding programs for stripe rust.