蔬菜种子加工处理技术研究

采后蔬菜种子的加工处理技术较多,包括种子清选、种子处理、种子包衣、种子引发、种子贮藏等.正确、恰当的加工处理技术能使蔬菜种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数提高,抗逆性增强.本文主要对采后蔬菜种子的加工处理技术进行了较为系统的综述.     

不同增温措施对西南山区春玉米产量的影响

对西南山区春玉米采用起垄直播覆膜、起垄覆膜育苗打孔移栽、起垄直播覆膜再加苗期拱棚双增温3种增温措施,研究不同增温措施对春玉米生育期、叶面积指数、干物质积累与分配及产量的影响。试验结果表明,3种增温措施使春玉米的生育时期提前,缩短生育期17～19d,提高春玉米不同生育时期叶面积指数,增加"光合源",提高干物质积累及最终向子粒库的转运(收获指数),增产幅度分别达11.48%、9.85%和14.93%,提高经济效益分别达571元/hm2、164元/hm2和256元/hm2。综合以上试验结果,西南山区春玉米生产栽培中以起垄直播覆膜为宜。     

利用雌穗返祖玉米改良自交系及配制杂交种陇单6号

用雌穗顶端生长较长雄穗的产量较低的白粒抗病玉米杂交种的F3代单株,与自交系综3变异株的F4代单株杂交,选育出了株型紧凑、矮秆、抗病、配合力高的自交系ly2211。在甘肃省玉米区试和生产试验中,ly2211与87-1组配的单交种陇单6号比综3与87-1组配的主栽对照单交种豫玉22增产7.7%,比综3变异株选育的自交系与87-1组配的单交种增产7.2%。我国种植面积最大的几个玉米单交种同样都含有远缘种质。     

辐照预处理促进玉米秸秆酶解糖化

以~(60)Co为辐照源,研究了0～2 000 kGy不同辐照剂量处理对玉米秸秆水解及酶解还原糖产量的影响,采用DNS法测定样品中水溶性还原糖的含量,探讨了辐照剂量与还原糖生成量的关系。结果表明,较高剂量的辐照对玉米秸秆有明显的降解糖化作用,经1200,1600,2000kGy剂量辐照后,玉米杆和玉米叶的还原糖含量分别提高了69.88%和445.63%;辐照后玉米秸秆易于酶解,随着辐照剂量的增大,酶解产糖量显著增加;在较高剂量下,辐照一酶解复合降解玉米秸秆效果优于单一的辐照处理和单一酶处理;辐照后的玉米秆和玉米叶经酶解处理,其还原糖含量分别增加了16.63%～184.13%和8.49%～228.45%,提高了纤维素原料的利用率。     

我国葛根产业的开发思路

葛根是药食同源两用植物,其保健作用明显。针对目前我国对葛根的加工利用的现状,提出了我国葛根产业发展的新思路。     

黑麦重复序列在检测小麦品种中外源染色体的应用

本研究根据RAPD引物OPH20在黑麦中扩增出的特异序列pSc20H.2设计一对PCR引物pSc20ht-23/24,以来源于黑麦的小麦抗叶锈近等基因系材料TcLr45及感病对照Thatcher为亲本进行PCR扩增。并对42个小麦抗叶锈近等基因系及103个小麦品种材料进行检测。引物pSc20ht23/24在TcLr45中扩增出一条约750bp的条带,而在Thatcher中无扩增条带。对该特异片段回收、克隆测序为734bp。42个小麦抗叶锈近等基因系检测在TcLr26中扩增出与TcLr45相同的条带,而在同样来源于黑麦的小麦抗叶锈近等基因系TcLr25中未扩增出该条带;中国春-Imperial黑麦附加系1R-7R中除5R外均扩增出该条带;13个1B/1R易位系小麦品种也扩增出该条带;90个地方小麦品种中有16个扩增出该条带,6个品种经系谱分析具有黑麦遗传背景,表明该标记可用于检测小麦中含有的除黑麦5R染色体之外的外源染色质。     

水稻内稃扭曲突变体palea distortion 1(pd1)的鉴定与基因定位

在对籼稻缙恢10进行EMS(ethyl methane sulfonate)处理后的群体中,发现一个花器官突变体,主要表现为内稃扭曲并呈现外稃化特征,浆片数目增加且呈现稃状特征,雄蕊数目减少至1～4个,部分雄蕊的花丝呈现浆片化特征,暂将其命名为水稻颖壳扭曲突变体palea distortion 1(pd1)。遗传分析表明该突变性状受一个隐形单基因控制。利用群体分离分析法(bulked segregation analysis,BSA),将PD1基因定位在第2染色体的RM13693和RM13936之间,遗传距离分别为3.25cM和3.90cM。该研究结果为PD1基因的图位克隆奠定了基础。     

水稻内稃扭曲突变体palea distortion1(pdl)的鉴定与基因定位

在对釉稻缙恢10进行EMS(ethyl methane sulfonate)处理后的群体中,发现一个花器官突变体,主要表现为内稃扭曲并呈现外稃化特征,浆片数目增加且呈现稃状特征,雄蕊数目减少至1-4个,部分雄蕊的花丝呈现浆片化特征,暂将其命名为水稻颖壳扭曲突变体palea distortion 1(pdl).遗传分析表明该突变性状受一个隐形单基因控制.利用群体分离分析法(bulked segregation analysis,BSA),将PD1基因定位在第2染色体的RM 13693和RM13936之间,遗传距离分别为3.25 cM和3.90 cM.该研究结果为PD1基因的图位克隆奠定了基础.     

Research and implementation on WNXD database storage strategy

For the drawbacks of NativeXML, such as low data storage performance, low efficiency of querying and updating, a new kind of semi-structured information storage model, named WNXD, is proposed. The dynamic invert-sorting technique and data imaging mechanism are introduced to combine the record and the page storage mode, three structured indexes are established to achieve structural and dynamic growth with different ways. A practical storage mode is created to provide a comprehensive access strategy from global to local, and from elements, attributes to values, which guarantees effective and complete data storage, especially for the data with different types. The query number decreases I/O and the system performace is improved.     

Thermo-mechanical coupling analysis of dual-steel-disc of wet multi-disk clutch

To solve the failure problem of power transmission caused by warping, crackle on dual-steel-disc of wet multi-disk clutch, a shipborne wet multi-disk clutch is taken as a research object, models of generation and distribution of friction heat flux are built and numerical methods to solve temperature field and coupled stress field are put forward. Research methods of thermo-mechanical coupling problem of wet multi-disk clutch are proposed. The thermo-mechanical coupling phenomenon of dual-steel-disc is investigated, and the failure mechanism of dual-steel-disc of wet multi-disk clutch is revealed. In the engagement process, the results of temperature field show that the temperature of the dual-steel-disc gradually increases from the inner edge to the outer edge, and the temperature of friction surface reaches the highest at 2.6 s in the 3-second-engagement. The rules of thermal stress distribution are attained that the circumferential tensile thermal stress appears in the region close to the inner edge, while the radial tensile thermal stress appears in the region close to the outer edge. The theoretical basis to solve the thermal failure problem of dual-steel-disc of wet multi-disk clutch is provided.