浅谈油气管道完整性管理模式

本文基于国内外油气管道完整性管理(PIM)成果的基础,从数据收集和研究、高后果区分析、完整性评估、管道检测与执行、管道维护修复、效能分析等方面进行具体PIM描述,从体系文件、标准规范、系统平台、支持技术、实施应用五个层面构建PIM管理体系框架。     

人工养殖虎纹蛙对野生虎纹蛙种群的潜在影响

野生虎纹蛙种群数量的减少使其不能满足人类的需求,催生了虎纹蛙的人工养殖。在开展人工养殖虎纹蛙的过程中已经出现腐皮病、胃肠炎、白内障、红腿病、烂鳃病等疾病;病蛙的处理缺乏科学性;养殖废水随意排放;销售许可制度管理不严;药物不正确使用等对野生虎纹蛙种群具有潜在的影响。建议科学规划,实施规模化养殖;加强人工养殖虎纹蛙的疾病预防;建立产品信息卡,实行身份跟踪制度;强化执法,打击非法贸易活动;大力加强宣传教育,提高资源保护意识,实现开展人工养殖虎纹蛙的经济效益和野生虎纹蛙资源保护的双赢。     

荒漠草原区“科尔沁型”华北驼绒藜丰产试验

试验对“科尔沁型”华北驼绒藜进行不同的水肥耦合处理,并在不同生物期对其进行了生物量观测.试验结果表明,410 g丰产素与水以1∶1 000体积比混合喷洒200 L、浇水8000L的条件下,“科尔沁型”华北驼绒藜的产量可以大幅度提高,播种后第3年其干草产量可由天然条件下的2 460 kg/hm2提高到5 430 kg/hm2.     

种毒接种剂量与鸡胚尿囊液量的相关性研究

对分成3组而同机孵化的180个9日龄罗曼蛋鸡鸡胚分别尿囊腔接种NDVLasota种毒液0.1mL／个,0.15mL／个和0.20mL／个。结果：尿囊液的收集量与种毒接种量呈显著负相关,而血凝价受接种剂量的影响不显著。     

绵羊宿营法防除天然草地灌木杂草研究Ⅲ新鲜羊粪尿对土壤和植物细胞形态结构及生理的影响

采用盆栽试验研究了绵羊新鲜粪尿对植物组织水势、细胞膜透性和细胞形态结构的影响。结果表明 ,在土壤含水量 30 %左右 ,植物无水分胁迫的可能时 ,各处理植物组织水势呈先上升后下降的趋势 ,而对照则呈持续上升趋势。说明绵羊新鲜粪尿加入土壤后 ,土壤溶液浓度升高 ,影响了植物水势。绵羊新鲜粪尿对植物生理影响表明 ,叶片细胞膜透性在 UD处理与对照差异显著 (P<0 .0 5) ,U和 D单处理与对照间差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5)。根细胞膜透性 UD和 U处理与对照差异显著 (P<0 .0 5)。D处理与对照无显著差异 (P>0 .0 5)。植物细胞形态结构显示 ,各处理均无质壁分离现象 ,但 U和 UD处理的皮层细胞出现叶绿体 ,这可能是尿中尿素水解释放的游离氨被植物吸收所致     

猪卵泡液抑制素的分离及其生物活性和免疫活性研究

利用ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００二次层析分馏,以标准猪抑制素蛋白和抑制素α－亚单位作参照,结合紫外扫描,分离猪卵泡液抑制素,并测定各组分对ＨＣＧ诱导的小白鼠生殖器官发育及输卵管水肿抑制的影响和对补体溶血活性的抑制效果,证明可以分离得到生物活性和免疫活性较高的抑制素蛋白组分,其方法较简便,可用于猪卵泡液抑制素的一般制备。     

Study on the Change Rule of Egg Yolk Antibody in Laying Hens after First Immunization by Japanese Encephalitis Virus

The purpose of this experiment was to study the immunization rule of the egg yolk antibody affected by different vaccines,immunization dose and injection ways and further to discuss the optimal immunization procedures of the laying hens for the preparation of egg yolk antibody against swine Japanese encephalitis virus.180 brown laying hens without any vaccines were selected and divided into 18 groups randomly,each group of 10 hens.Groups 1,2 were the control groups,injected with the sterile saline;Groups 3 to 10 were injected with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection,and the vaccine was injected with 0.2,0.5,1.0 and 1.5 mL successively.Groups 11 to 18 were also adopted two kinds of injection,followed by the same dose of vaccine immunization.Six eggs of each experimental group were gathered before immune day and after 3,7,10,14,18,21 and 28 days,the egg yolk antibody was extracted and the titer was determined.As a result,the egg yolk antibody titers of groups 1 to 6,11 and 12 were all 0,and no significant immune response produced;The hens from 7 to 10 groups were injected with the inactivated vaccine.After 7 days,the average antibody titer reached the peak,and the duration of the antibody was 14 days.The hens from 13 to 18 groups were injected with the attenuated virus vaccine.After 14 days,the average antibody titer reached the highest value,and the duration of the antibody was 21 days.The egg yolk antibody titers were not significantly different in the two compared experiment groups with the same injection dose but with different injection ways (P>0.05).With the same injection way of each experiment group,and the difference was significant (P>0.05).Compared with some groups with the same injection and vaccine,the titer of yolk antibody was gradually increased with the increase of the immune dose,and the difference was significant (P<0.05).The results showed that,no matter intramuscular or subcutaneous injection,in order to produce a significant immune response to hens,the immune antigen dose was 1.0 mL inactivated vaccine or 0.5 mL attenuated vaccine at least.Compared with the attenuated and inactivated vaccine,inactivated vaccine stimulated the body to produce the antibody faster,but the maintenance time was shorter;The lower dose of attenuated vaccine could stimulate the body to produce antibodies,but the speed was slower,the maintenance time was longer.     

利用后裔测定验证大白猪基因组选择实施效果研究

旨在通过测定基因组选择选留的大白公猪的后裔生产性能,探究基因组选择实际育种效果。本研究选用913头大白猪构建参考群体,利用ssGBLUP对新出生的823头大白公猪在去势前进行第一次基因组评估,待生产性能测定后进行第二次基因组评估,最终选留10头性能差异显著的公猪留种,比较其后代生长性状表型和育种值及综合选择指数差异。结果表明,两次基因组遗传评估,达100 kg体重日龄、100 kg活体背膘厚和总产仔数3个性状基因组育种值（GEBV）估计准确性分别由0.56、0.67和0.64提高至0.73、0.73和0.67,两次基因组选择基因组母系指数相关系数为0.82,表明在去势前进行公猪基因组选择具有较高的准确性,可实现种猪早期选择。根据各性状GEBV和基因组母系指数,10头公猪被划分为高、低生产性能组,后裔测定成绩表明,两组公猪后代100 kg体重日龄表型均值之差为2.58 d,育种值之差为3.08 d,100 kg活体背膘厚表型均值之差为1.15 mm,育种值之差为1.03 mm,综合母系指数均值之差为9.3,除后代100 kg体重日龄表型均值之差外,其他差异均达到极显著水平。本研究证明,在基因组评估中具有显著差异的公猪其后代在表型值和育种值等方面均存在显著差异,通过基因组选择能够挑选出优秀种公猪,可将其遗传优势传递给后代。     

不同光周期下ISA褐蛋鸡松果腺GnRH—ⅠmRNA表达的变化

采用分子生物学方法研究了不同光周期处理的ISA褐蛋鸡松果腺GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达的变化.77日龄ISA褐蛋鸡60只,随机分成长光和短光组,正式试验期67 d.人工拉光,短光组日固定8 h,长光组第1周8.5 h,以后每周增加0.5 h.以短光组见第1枚卵结束试验(143日龄).分别于105和136日龄每组随机各取6只蛋鸡采样(长光组约10%开产).结果表明:短光组鸡群见蛋日龄较长光组延后12 d,136日龄育成体重极显著低于长光组(P<0.01).105日龄长光组GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达的丰度高于短光组,但差异不显著(P>0.05);136日龄长光组GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达的丰度显著低于短光组(P<0.05).随着日龄的增加,长光组GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达丰度显著降低(P<0.05),而短光组的表达丰度逐渐上升但差异不显著(P<0.05).由此得出,短光组的GnRH-Ⅰ mRNA表达峰值及性成熟均较长光组延后出现.     

水解蜂蛹蛋白对大鼠免疫功能的影响

为了研究水解蜂蛹蛋白对大鼠免疫功能的影响及性别之间的差异,选用50只3周龄SD大鼠随机分成2组,分别灌胃蜂蛹蛋白粉和经消化酶水解的蜂蛹蛋白4周.结果表明,饲喂水解蜂蛹蛋白雌鼠胸腺指数比对照组提高30.00%(p＜0.05),雄鼠脾脏指数比对照组提高8.33%(p＜0.05),而雌鼠脾脏指数和雄鼠胸腺指数与对照组无显著差异.饲喂水解蜂蛹蛋白组雌鼠和雄鼠血清IgG的含量分别比对照组增加21.82%(p＜0.05)和41.34%(P＜0.05);雌鼠血清IgA含量比对照组增加52.78%(0＜0.01).结果提示,水解蜂蛹蛋白有增强大鼠的免疫功能的作用,且存在一定的性别差异.