原发性纵隔肿瘤及囊肿71例分析(附1例罕见胸腺瘤并发症)

71例原发于纵隔的肿瘤及囊肿,其中胸腺瘤占35.2％,畸胎瘤占23.9％,神经源性肿瘤占18.2％,其他肿瘤占22.7％。三类常见肿瘤中,以胸腺瘤恶性率最高(32％),神经源性肿瘤次之(15.4％),畸胎瘤无1例恶性。术前正确诊断25例,未能分类25例,误诊21例。本文分析了误诊原因。此外,报道1例罕见的胸腺瘤并发症。     

23种广东常见阔叶树材的耐磨性质

本文报导23种广东常见阔叶树材的耐磨性试验结果,并对耐磨性与木材密度、硬度的关系及木材耐磨性各向异性问题作了讨论。     

撒坝猪血液蛋白多态性研究

 采用蛋白电泳技术研究撒坝猪血液蛋白多态性。共分析了撒坝猪33个遗传位点,其中AKP,CAT,ES,G₆PD,PA,PHI,TF等7个位点检测到多态性。多态位点百分比P=0.2121,平均杂合度H=0.1027.结果表明撒坝猪的血液蛋白多态程度较高,反映在蛋白质水平上的遗传多样性较为丰富。     

上海松江雷竹引种拓植初报

从母竹质量、生态条件及种植技术3个方面,对雷竹引种成活率进行较系统的研究,结果表明,在平原水网地区的生态条件下,应按竹子的年龄、胸径、高度、枝下高、留枝盘数5个品质指标选用母竹;将种植地化整为零,建成1500m~2的生产小区,使沟渠道路配套搞好排灌措施,降低地下水位,弥补雨量偏少之不足,采用相应的种植技术,使母竹与生态环境统一,从而保证平原水网地区雷竹引种获得成功。     

应用电镜技术快速检测传代细胞中的污染因子：—传代细胞污染细菌的快速检测

应用电镜技术检测传代细胞中的细菌污染，即快速又准确。根据细菌的形态及其鞭毛、噬菌体等指标的其中一项均可以判定细菌的污染，该检测结果为传代细胞的应用提供了可靠地保证。     

Cystocentesis in dogs and cats]

The technique of cystocentesis in dogs and cats was studied. The indications and contraindications of this method are discussed, using illustrations.     

Research note: Postnatal development of electrolyte transport in calf rumen as affected by weaning time.

In a previous study we found a positive correlation between early weaning in calves and morphological parameters which were indicative of ruminal development, i.e. the length and width of the papillae. The objective of the present study was to determine to what extent this observation could be reflected by modulations of absorptive and secretory functions of the rumen mucosa. For this purpose the short-circuit currents (Isc) as a measure of electrogenic net ion fluxes and the transepithelial conductances (G(T)) as a measure of the overall tissue permeability were measured in vitro applying the Ussing-chamber technique. Simultaneously, the unidirectional flux rates of sodium and chloride across rumen wall epithelia were determined in the absence of electrochemical gradients. Under these conditions, significant positive net flux rates (Jnet) clearly indicate active mechanisms for electrolyte absorption. For the experiments 12 male Holstein calves 7 d of age were assigned to three groups of 4 animals each: milk group (I, slaughtered after 6 weeks of age), late weaning group (II, slaughtered after 9 weeks of age) and early weaning group (II, weaned after 6 weeks of age and slaughtered after 9 weeks of age). Whereas G(T) values remained unaffected by different age and feeding, Isc values were significantly affected by early weaning but were not influenced by age. Irrespective of weaning time active absorption of Na+ tended to be higher by about 60% in 9 weeks old animals. Active absorption of chloride was significantly increased in milk fed 9 weeke old calves and this effect was further stimulated by early weaning. In conclusion, the data show an increasing active Na+ absorption with age in calf rumen that could not be influenced by early weaning. Similarly, active Cl- absorption was initially increased during postnatal development and this effect could be stimulated further by early weaning.     

Milk fever and subclinical hypocalcaemia--an evaluation of parameters on incidence risk, diagnosis, risk factors and biological effects as input for a decision support system for disease control.

The present review analyses the documentation on incidence, diagnosis, risk factors and effects of milk fever and subclinical hypocalcaemia. It is hereby evaluated whether the existing documentation seems sufficient for further modelling in a decision support system for selection of a control strategy. Several studies have been carried out revealing an incidence of milk fever most often in the level of 5-10%. Few studies indicate that the incidence of subclinical hypocalcaemia is several times higher than milk fever. The diagnosis based on clinical or laboratory methods or based on presence of risk factors is outlined. The clinical symptoms of milk fever are highly specific and the disease level may thus be determined from recording of treatments. Diagnosis of subclinical hypocalcaemia needs to include laboratory examinations or it may be determined by multiplying the incidence of milk fever by a certain factor. From the documentation on risk factors, it is very complex to predict the incidence from the exposure level of the risk factors. Due to uncertainty, sensitivity analyses over a wide range of values for each parameter are needed. The documentation of cow characteristics, nutrition, environment and management as risk factors are described. Among cow characteristics, parity or age, body condition and production level were found to be important. Risk factors associated with nutrition included most importantly dietary cation-anion difference and calcium level whereas the importance of general feeding related factors like type of feed stuff and feeding level were less clear. Environment and management included season, climate, housing, pasturing, exercise, length of dry period and prepartum milking. Several of the parameters on environment and management were confounded among each other and therefore firm conclusions on the importance were difficult. The documentation of the effect of milk fever includes the downer cows, reproductive disorders, occurrence of other diseases and the effect on milk production, body weight and culling. The reproductive disorders included most importantly dystocia, uterine prolapse, retained placenta, metritis and repeat breeding, and occurrence of other diseases included ketosis, displaced abomasum and mastitis. The documentation was substantial and often quantifiable within certain limits. Overall it is concluded that the present documentation on milk fever concerning incidence, diagnosis, risk factors and effects seems sufficient for a systematic inclusion in a decision support system. A model on milk fever should take into consideration the variation in biological data and individual herd characteristics. The inclusion of subclinical hypocalcaemia would be more uncertain and probably should await further documentation on possibilities of determining the herd level incidence and also the effect of this condition on production.     

提高真菌植酸酶热稳定性的方法

植酸酶(Phytase)能提高饲料中磷及其他养分的利用率,减少粪便中磷的排泄量,同时还能降低植酸(盐)的抗营养作用,在饲料中添加植酸酶对提高畜禽生产性能及减轻环境污染有着重要意义。真菌植酸酶具有pH作用范围广、活性高和易提纯等优点,是生产植酸酶的最佳来源。但是真菌植酸酶热稳定性普遍较低,不能完全满足饲料加工的要求。本文综述了在提高真菌植酸酶热稳定性研究方面的最新进展,讨论了其进一步的研究方向。     

Infectious disease serologic survey in free-ranging Venezuelan anacondas (Eunectes murinus).

Reptiles can harbor pathogenic microorganisms asymptomatically and serve as potential reservoirs of infection for humans, domestic animals, and other reptiles. Infectious diseases are also problematic for free-ranging reptile populations and are an important consideration in reptile reintroduction and translocation projects. There have been limited serologic studies of free-ranging reptiles for evidence of exposure to potential pathogens. In the present study, serum or plasma samples from five male and five female free-ranging Venezuelan anacondas (Eunectes murinus) were screened for antibodies to eastern, western, and Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses, vesicular stomatitis virus, ophidian paramyxovirus, 19 Leptospira interrogans serovars, and Cryptosporidium serpentes. Antibodies to these agents were not detected, or antibody titers were low and possibly nonspecific. These results for the limited number of anacondas surveyed suggest that they do not serve as significant reservoirs for these infectious agents at this location.