荞麦苡仁绿豆营养保健粥的研制

选择荞麦、苡仁、绿豆为主要原材料,分别研究其加工工艺。采用正交试验和感官评定确定了产品的合理配方:荞麦5g,苡仁4g,绿豆11g,糖32g,及添加剂的最佳配比为黄原胶∶CMC∶β-环状糊精=3∶2∶5。并对影响风味、口感的因素进行了研究,据此研制出一种营养丰富、食用方便的健康食品。     

不同烹调技法对蔬菜中VC稳定性的影响

采用2,4-二硝基苯肼法,测定了经不同烹调技法处理后的几种常见蔬菜中的VC含量。结果表明,不同的烹调技法及加热时间的长短对蔬菜中的VC造成不同程度的损失,并呈现出规律性。     

糯玉米新品种“银糯一号”的选育

“银糯一号”是北京农学院生物技术系于2000年是以XN-5自交系为母本，BN51自交系为父本杂交而成的糯玉米杂交种。该品种经2000~2001年的测交试验，2002~2003年的产比试验，2004-2005年的北京市区域试验，皆比对照“中糯一号”增产30.8%（鲜穗）和20.7%（鲜粒）以上，大面积生产鲜穗产量达10800kg/公顷以上。在2006年3月北京市农作物品种审定委员会审定通过(京审玉2006008)。     

与植物花发育相关的miRNA研究进展

植物花器官的形成是物种得以延续的基础。研究表明,植物的花发育过程不仅受外部环境影响,同时也受内在基因调控,其中microRNA(miRNA)分子在基因调控过程中起到重要的作用。本文通过介绍模式植物拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)及一些木本植物关于miRNA方面的最新研究进展,综述这种非编码小RNA分子在调控植物花期、花器官与花育性上的作用,指出目前在miRNA研究上存在的问题,并对miRNA在花器官发育中的深入研究做出展望。     

Genetic diversity of Brassica napus L. Germplasm from China and Europe assessed by some agronomically important characters

Summary The genetic diversity and relationships among 63 rapeseed accessions, including 34 Chinese, 22 Czech, 2 Swedish, 2 German, one French and 2 Canadian accessions, were evaluated by nine agronomically important characters in the field at Yangling, Shaanxi, China. Significant differences between Chinese and European group in plant height, setting position of the first primary branch, number of siliques of the terminal raceme, thousand seed weight and seed yield per plant were detected. There were significant variations in nine agronomic characters among the tested rapeseed accessions. Ward’s minimum variance cluster analysis based on Mahalanobis distances on the raw data of nine agronomic characters clearly separated the European accessions from the Chinese ones. However, the Chinese accessions with erucic acid free and/or low glucosinolates could not be separated from those Chinese accessions with both high erucic acid and glucosinolates. In general, cluster analysis of the 63 accessions based on the selected agronomic characters was consistent with known pedigree information and geographic origin, as well as the previous RAPD results of these accessions. The European rapeseed could be important germplasm resources for enriching the genetic background of Chinese rapeseed, and vice versa.     

穿流引风组合加热式蔬菜脱水机的改进设计

现有平流组合加热式蔬菜脱水机存在热交换不充分和干燥速度慢等问题。对现有设备进行了穿流组合加热技术改造:将送风管和引风管连接管的直径自上而下依次减小,满足了各层干燥箱对送风量和引风量的不同要求;采用冲孔板制造输送链板,满足了穿流供风的要求;采用供风管变截面供风技术,提高了供风的均匀性。设备改造后,分别对胡萝卜和甘蓝两种蔬菜进行了脱水干燥对比试验。结果表明,采用穿流组合加热时,不仅干燥速度快,而且其平均单位脱水的能耗分别由平流组合加热的7.03,7.29MJ/kg下降为6.83,6.65MJ/kg。     

国内外粮食水分快速检测方法的研究

综述了国内外粮食水分快速检测的方法,分析了各类方法及仪器设备的特点和局限性.     

Homozygous transgenic rice lines expressing GNA with enhanced resistance to the rice sap-sucking pest Laodelphax striatellus

Homozygous transgenic rice lines expressing snowdrop lectin, Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA), were investigated for resistance to the rice small brown planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus, an important rice sap‐sucking pest causing yield losses and serving as vector for some important rice viruses. Insect bioassay results revealed that both the GNA‐expressing homozygous lines tested significantly inhibited SBPH by decreasing its survival, its overall fecundity and retarding development. This is the first report on homozygous transgenic rice lines expressing GNA conferring enhanced resistance to SBPH. This result suggests that transgenic rice expressing GNA will be useful in rice pest resistance breeding, as an alternative to conventional breeding for the control of SBPH, and potentially alleviating damage caused by the viruses it transmits.     

我国加入UPOV公约1991年文本需要研究的几个问题

植物新品种保护是我国实施知识产权战略的重要组成部分. 1997年 3月 20日,我国颁布了第一个农业领域知识产权保护的法规--<中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例>(以下简称<条例>). 1999年 4月 23日,我国正式签署<植物新品种保护公约>( 1978年文本),加入国际植物新品种保护联盟 (UPOV),成为国际植物新品种保护联盟第 39个成员. 2000年 ,全国人大常委会通过的<种子法>进一步明确规定 ,我国实行植物新品种保护制度.<条例>实施 6年来,有关的配套规章制度和体系建设已初具规模,对我国农业发展起到了积极地推动作用,尤其在促进育种技术创新、推动育种行业产业化、优化育种资源配置等方面取得了显著成效.然而当前,我国也正面临着加入 UPOV公约 1991文本的压力和挑战.     

The Deterioration of Eating and Cooking Quality Caused by High Temperature During Grain Filling in Early-Season indica Rice Cultivars

The effect of temperature during grain filling on eating and cooking quality of early-season indica rice was investigated by using four cultivars with different amylose content. Starting from flowering stage until maturity, the plants of all cultivars were subjected to two temperature treatments, referred as optimum (mean daily air temperature, 22 °C) and high (32 °C) temperature regimes. The results showed that the effect of high temperature on apparent amylose content and gel consistency in milled rice was cultivar-dependent. Under high temperature, amylose content increased for cv. Jiayu353 and remained little changed for cv. Guangluai4, which had intrinsically higher amylose content, and decreased for cv. Zhefu49 and cv. Jiazao935, which had lower amylose content. By contrast, high temperature reduced or kept stable gel consistency values for cultivars with higher amylose content and increased gel consistency values for those with lower amylose content. Moreover, high temperature significantly increased the gelatinization temperature of all cultivars. Pasting profiles and X-ray diffraction pattern of rice were also affected by temperature. The results suggest that high temperature during grain filling change the component and crystalline structure of starch and result in deterioration of eating and cooking quality for early-season indica rice.