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71.
Xuemei Li Yuhe Yu Shouqi Xie Qingyun Yan Yuhang Chen 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2011,42(4):539-548
A 16S rDNA‐based polymerase chain reaction‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE) method was applied to detect intestinal bacterial communities of juvenile allogynogenetic crucian carp, Carassius auratus gibelio, fed with chitosan‐containing diet. This is the first time to use the molecular method to analyze the bacterial communities in the allogynogenetic crucian carp intestine. The DGGE profile with universal bacterial primers revealed simple communities in all treatment groups. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of excised DGGE bands showed that the dominant bacteria belonged to class γ‐Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria. The relative abundance and diversity of detected bacteria suggested that 0.5 and 0.75% of chitosan in diet were optimum for juvenile allogynogenetic crucian carp. As in these concentrations, some detected pathogen bacteria either disappeared or decreased. However, the DGGE profile with Aeromonas‐specific primers showed a similar composition among all treatment groups, which suggested that Aeromonas was one of relative stable bacteria components in the intestine of juvenile allogynogenetic crucian carp. 相似文献
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73.
Effects of fruit bagging on coloring and related physiology,and qualities of red Chinese sand pears during fruit maturation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chunhui Huang Bo Yu Yuanwen Teng Jun Su Qun Shu Zaiquan Cheng Liqiong Zeng 《Scientia Horticulturae》2009
Red Chinese sand pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) are particular to China. In order to determine the effects of fruit bagging treatments (including bag types, bag removal patterns and dates) on fruit qualities and to understand the mechanism of coloring of red Chinese sand pears, two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ were firstly covered by light-impermeable paper bags with different levels of light permeable liners during their early development stage, then, the whole bag were/not removed or only the outer layer of bags were removed 3, 2 or 1 weeks before harvest. Thus, the fruit were/not totally re-exposed or were under different levels of sunlight transmission (80.31% or 34.71%). Non-bagged fruit were used as the control. Bagging treatments significantly affected the concentration of anthocyanin and the visual qualities of pear fruit. Compared to control, fruit re-exposed totally for 2 or 3 weeks accumulated the largest amount of anthocyanin and fruit receiving 80.31% and 34.71% of sunlight for 1–3 weeks could synthesize a little anthocyanin, indicating that high light intensity is imperative for coloring in red Chinese sand pears. Bagging treatments did not affect contents of total soluble sugars, but decreased organic acids contents in fruit. In the second experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ and ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ were covered with only one type of light-impermeable bag during the early development stage and totally re-exposed after the bag removal 15 days before harvest. Fruit were then collected at different intervals to trace the time-course of coloring, and related physiology and inner qualities. With increasing time after the bag removal, the concentration of chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoid and total phenols changed little, but the concentration of anthocyanin accumulated extremely fast within 10 days after the bag removal in both cultivars and thereafter kept constant. ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ had higher anthocyanin contents and lower hue angle than ‘Meirensu’, indicating a higher potential of anthocyanin synthesis. After the bag removal, the sucrose contents and PAL activities increased gradually and correlation analysis revealed that they were highly correlated with anthocyanin accumulation in two cultivars. This study suggests that anthocyanin biosynthesis in red Chinese sand pears is a highly light dependent process and modified by genotypes. Based on the current results, in order to obtain red Chinese sand pear fruit with attractive appearance and good inner qualities, fruit must be covered with light-impermeable bags at the early stage of fruit development and the bag should be removed totally at least 10 days before harvest. 相似文献
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76.
Nan-Jay Su Su-Zan Yeh Chi-Lu Sun Andr E. Punt Yong Chen Sheng-Ping Wang 《Fisheries Research》2008,90(1-3):235-246
Catch per unit effort (CPUE) is often used as an index of relative abundance in fisheries stock assessments. However, the trends in nominal CPUE can be influenced by many factors in addition to stock abundance, including the choice of fishing location and target species, and environmental conditions. Consequently, catch and effort data are usually ‘standardized’ to remove the impact of such factors. Standardized CPUE for bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus, caught by the Taiwanese distant-water longline fishery in the western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) for 1964–2004 were derived using three alternative approaches (GLM, GAM and the delta approach), and sensitivity was explored to whether catch-rates of yellowfin tuna and albacore tuna are included in the analyses. Year, latitude, and the catch-rate of yellowfin explained the most of the deviance (32–49%, depending on model configuration) and were identified consistently among methods, while trends in standardized catch-rate differed spatially. However, the trends in standardized catch-rates by area were found to be relatively insensitive to the approach used for standardization, including whether the catch-rates of yellowfin and albacore were included in the analyses. 相似文献
77.
杂交粳稻泗优422制种特性探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
观察了731A、六千辛A、轮回422、77302的开花习性,并对其相互杂交的结实率进行了调查。与六千辛A相比,731A开花持续天数较短,开颖角度较小,柱头外露率低,开闭时间略长。在相同授粉条件下,731A与轮回422的结实率低于六千辛A与77302。 相似文献
78.
水涨龙眼结果母枝内源激素含量变化对花芽分化的影响 总被引:21,自引:3,他引:21
应用酶联免疫法(ELISA),测定了涨龙眼花芽分化期间结果母枝内源激素iPAs、GAs、ABA及IAA的含量变化。结果表明,生理分化期花芽内源激素含量:ABA〉iPAs〉IAA〉GAs;形成分化期为:ABA〉IAA〉iPAs〉GAs。生理分化期主形态分化期叶芽内源激素含量均为:ABA〉iPAs〉GAs〉IAA。生理分化期:与叶芽相比,花芽的iPSs、GAs和IAA含量高,ABA含量低。形态分化期: 相似文献
79.
为了给小麦品质改良提供依据,以强筋小麦品种藁城8901和弱筋小麦品种山农1391为材料,设置不同氮素水平,研究了籽粒谷蛋白大聚合体(GMP)颗粒粒径分布特征及对氮素水平的响应.结果表明,小麦籽粒GMP颗粒粒径范围为0.375~200 μm.GMP颗粒体积分布总体上呈双峰曲线变化,<12 μm的GMP颗粒体积百分比为11.2%~45%,>12 μm的GMP颗粒体积百分比为55.0%~88.8%.与弱筋小麦山农1391相比,强筋小麦藁城8901有较高比例的>12 μm颗粒.GMP颗粒数目分布表现为单峰分布,<4 μm和<12 μm的颗粒数目百分比分别为97.5%~98.0%和99.9%,表明小麦GMP颗粒中绝大多数为<4 μm的小颗粒.在施氮0~240 kg·hm-2范围内,随着施氮量的增加,<12 μm颗粒体积百分比显著降低,12~90 μm、>90 μm颗粒体积百分比增加,说明适量施氮能够显著提高GMP大、中颗粒比例.过量氮素不利于小麦籽粒谷蛋白大聚合体的形成. 相似文献
80.