弱光条件下桃光合作用的动态变化及品种差异分析

就日光温室桃树光合生理进行了详尽的研究,结果表明:1d中叶温与气温以14:00时较高。遮阴明显地降低了到达叶片表面的有效光合辐射、叶温与气温。桃叶片的光合速率日变化为双峰曲线,峰值大约出现在上午10:00与下午14:00时;不同品种弱光下的光合速率有明显的差异,以NJN较高,其次为五月火与麦香。遮阴降低了桃叶片的光合速率,以NJN光合速率降低的较少,说明NJN能适应设施栽培。气孔阻力与蒸腾速率则随着遮阴程度的增加而增加。桃中位叶的光合速率较幼叶高。     

生态技术在现代农业中的地位及其技术群构成

提出了现代农业的主要支撑技术包括生态技术、生物技术和管理技术,并分析了此三类支撑技术的相互关系;通过深入比较,指出生态技术在现代农业中应占主导地位,这是现代农业发展的内在要求,是中国生态环境现状的必然选择,是建立社会主义和谐社会的必然趋势;同时提出了生态技术群中应该重点发展的主要技术:立体农业技术、综合养殖生态技术、特色农业技术、多色农业技术、设施农业技术、农业综合节水技术、农业污染综合防治技术和无公害绿色农产品标准化生产技术等。     

System of Scanning Tunneling Microscope

Some ideas are given about using out-clock, CPU and anti-T-net of D/A card for getting to the intelligent control of scanning voltage ,low-filter and hign-filter of STM; logarithm amplifier for tunnelling current contraction. At last, some applications and questions when it running about STM are discussed.     

EFFECT OF HIGH LOADS IN THE BRIDGE LOAD SPECTRUM ON FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH OF 16 Mn STEEL

This paper studies an effect of high loads in Rayleigh distribution random load-ing on fatigue crack growth wi th 16 Mn steel compact tenion specimen,The results show that thehigh loads in the load spectrum close to service load of steel bridges accelerate crack growth and re-duce crack growth life,Lives predicted with constant amplitude da/dn data and equivalent loads arequite in agreement with test lives.     

枣树间接地下滴灌根区土壤盐分运移规律研究

通过小区试验研究了间接地下滴灌条件下密植枣树根区不同方向(水平及垂直方向)、不同土层盐分质量比的变化特征,及导水装置直径(50、75、90 mm)和灌水量(9、13、17 L/(棵·次))对枣树根区土壤盐分运移的影响。结果表明:经过一段时间后,垂直方向10~40 cm土层盐分质量比较低,0~10 cm土层盐分质量比最高;水平方向10~50 cm各土层盐分质量比随与出水口水平距离的增加而增大。在单次灌水后导水装置直径一定时各土层脱盐率随灌水量的增加而增大。当灌水量一定时,10~40 cm土层脱盐率随导水装置直径的增加呈减小的趋势,0~10 cm、40~50 cm脱盐率随导水装置直径增大呈低-高-低的趋势。在7—9月份,当导水装置直径为75 mm,灌水量为13、17 L/(棵·次)时,0~50 cm土层土壤平均盐分质量比均较低而且变化幅度较小。综合考虑节水、抑盐效果,确定导水装置直径为75 mm,灌水量为13 L/(棵·次)为适宜的间接地下滴灌灌溉模式。     

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in the Heavily Exploited Korean Rockfish,Sebastes schlegeli,in Korea

The Korean rockfish, Sebastes schlegeli, is a valuable and intensively exploited species in Korea. We discuss the genetic diversity and genetic structure of four Korean rockfish populations using eight microsatellite loci. In total, 161 different alleles from 138 individuals were observed. Average allele number per locus ranged from 2.5 to 23 and allelic richness varied from 13.38 to 14.63 within a population. Despite a long history of stocking practices, we found very high levels of polymorphism (mean heterozygosity = 0.810), which is comparable to other congeneric species. No significant difference in genetic diversity and molecular genetic variance (F_ST and R_ST) was observed among four local samples (P > 0.1). Little indication of contemporary inbreeding (F_IS= 0.051) or population structure (K = 1) was detected. This absence of differentiation may reflect high levels of gene flow along the coast of Korea. Our study demonstrates that rockfish in Korea should be managed as a single unit. Currently, the species does not appear to be genetically threatened, but the potential for a rapid loss of genetic diversity remains. This information on the genetic characteristics of Korean rockfish populations has important implications for fisheries management and conservation efforts, and will aid in the sustainable exploitation of the fishing resources and the preservation of biodiversity.     

钙源及水平对肉仔鸡体内电解质平衡及血脂水平的影响

本文旨在研究采用不同钙源及水平的日粮对肉仔鸡体内电解质平衡及血脂水平的影响.试验采用二因素有重复完全交叉区组设计,选用144只健康AA肉仔鸡,随机分成4处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复6只.饲粮采用2种钙源(碳酸钙、氯化钙)、2个钙水平(0.90%、1.15%),试验期28 d.结果表明:①与碳酸钙相比,日粮中氯化钙可降低血清Na++K+-Cl-水平(P<0.05)、提高Cl-水平(P<0.05),降低腹脂率(P<0.05)和血脂水平.②高水平钙可提高血清Ca2+水平(P<0.05).降低腹脂率和血脂水平(P<0.05).③钙源和水平互作对各指标均无显著影响(P>0.05).总之,日粮选用1.15%氯化钙虽对电解质平衡产生了一些影响,但可以较好地降低腹脂率和血脂水平.     

Comparison and analysis of the staining methods for cholesterol

Cholesterol staining is a useful approach for the visualization, localization and quantification of cholesterol in cells or tissues, which is frequently used to investigate the mechanisms of some diseases such as arteriosclerosis, Niemann-Pick disease type C, and Alzheimer's disease. It can be accomplished through various microscopes including light microscope, fluorescent microscope, and electronic microscope. During the past decades, various types of methods for cholesterol staining with different principles have been established for different applications. It is important to choose an appropriate method that is suitable for particular experimental aims, features and conditions. At present, three kinds of methods are frequently applied: filipin fluorescent method, BCθ(a biotinylated and carlsberg protease-nicked derivative of perfringolysin O) toxin method, and cholesterol oxidase-diaminobenzidine(oxidase-DAB) method. Four kinds of methods are scarcely applied: Schultze method, perchloric acid-naphthoquinone method(PAN), digitonin method, and o-phthalaldehyde method. In this review, the principles, advantages, and disadvantages of these methods are compared with the emphasis of the application, sensitivity, and specificity.