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81.
Mitteilungen
Aktuelles aus der Presse 相似文献82.
Dr. Jürgen Schultze-Motel Reinhard Fritsch Karl Hammer Peter Hanelt Joachim Kruse Harald Ohle Helga I. Maass 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1979,27(2):247-264
Summary Important papers on taxonomy and evolution of cultivated plants published in 1977 and 1978 were put together and briefly discussed.
Taxonomie und Evolution der Kulturpflanzen: Literaturübersicht 1977/1978
Zusammenfassung Wichtige Arbeiten über Taxonomie und Evolution der Kulturpflanzen aus den Jahren 1977–1978 wurden zusammengestellt und kurz kommentiert.
: 1977 1978
, 1977–1978 . .相似文献
83.
陕北黄土高原森林植被的性质和当前森林培育的策略 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
对比和分析了前人对陕北黄土高原植被的研究成果后认为陕北黄土高原的阔叶栎林为主的森林界限截止于渭北黄土高原北部,即陇县、彬县、宜君、铜川、黄龙一线。经过植被破坏和土壤侵蚀后土壤基质已经严重旱化和贫瘠化,通过重建植被土壤基质是可以逐步恢复的。植被的重建应该首选择先锋植物种类,造林后应及时进行改造,使其向接近该区天然林(植被)的方向发展,并需要建立一套可持续的森林经营体系。 相似文献
84.
Szalus-Jordanow O Kanbar T Soedarmanto I Eissa N Alber J Lämmler C Zschöck M Weiss R Kaba J Frymus T 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2011,124(3-4):123-127
In the present study 20 staphylococci isolated from lymph node abscesses of 19 goats of two herds in Western Poland could be identified as Staphylococcus aureus subsp. anaerobius. All 20 strains grew under microaerobic conditions, were negative in the catalase test, showed the typical phenotypic properties of 5. aureus and could genotypically be identified by a positive sa442, 235 rDNA, nuc, coa and spa PCR reaction. The variable regions of the coa and spa gene of the 20 strains appeared with uniform amplicon sizes, respectively. All 20 strains were negative for 12 additionally investigated enterotoxin encoding genes, tst and ssl7 and positive for the gene cap8. Identical properties could be observed for S. aureus subsp. anaerobius DSM 20714. Amplification and sequencing of kat gene of a single Staphylococcus aureus subsp. anaerobius strain of the present study and S. aureus subsp. anaerobius DSM 20714 revealed a complete identity of the kat sequences of both strains and a katB sequence obtained from GenBank (AJ000471). The bacteria were additionally investigated for relatedness by macrorestriction analysis of chromosomal DNA with subsequent pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), yielding, corresponding to the above mentioned PCR results, identical PFGE patterns for all 20 Staphylococcus aureus subsp. anaerobius strains isolated in Western Poland and the S. aureus subsp. anaerobius reference strain DSM 20714.This indicates the clonal identity of the strains isolated in Western Poland and the S. aureus subsp. anaerobius reference strain. The route of infection of the two herds in Western Poland with a bacterial clone originally isolated in Spain remains unclear. 相似文献
85.
Schwarz LJ Danylec B Yang Y Harris SJ Boysen RI Hearn MT 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(8):3539-3543
Molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) has been employed to isolate and concentrate bioactive polyphenols from peanut press waste. To this end, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) templated with the phytoalexin (E)-resveratrol has been prepared via self-assembly with the functional monomer 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) in a 1:3 molar ratio. Subsequent molecular interrogation of the MIP binding sites demonstrated preferential structural selectivity for (E)-resveratrol with respect to other structurally related naturally occurring compounds. This selectivity was subsequently exploited to achieve substantial sample cleanup of peanut press waste under aqueous conditions with significant enrichment of (E)-resveratrol (>60 fold) requiring minimal sample preparation. 相似文献
86.
Anja Bergstermann Roland Bol Keith Goulding David Scholefield Reinhard Well 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2011,43(2):240-250
The present study determined the influence of initial moisture conditions on the production and consumption of nitrous oxide (N2O) during denitrification and on the isotopic fingerprint of soil-emitted N2O. Sieved arable soil was pre-incubated at two different moisture contents: pre-wet at 75% and pre-dry at 20% water-filled pore space. After wetting to 90% water-filled pore space the soils were amended with glucose (400 kg C ha−1) and KNO3 (80 kg N ha−1) and incubated for 10 days under a He/O2-atmosphere. Antecedent moisture conditions affected denitrification. N2 + N2O fluxes and the N2O-to-N2 ratio were higher in soils which were pre-incubated under dry conditions, probably because mobilization of organic C during the pre-treatment enhanced denitrification. Gaseous N fluxes showed similar time patterns of production and reduction of N2O in both treatments, where N2O fluxes were initially increasing and maximised 3-4 days after fertilizer application, and N2 fluxes were delayed by 1-2 days. Time courses of δ15Nbulk-N2O and δ18O-N2O exhibited in both treatments increasing trends until maximum N2 fluxes occurred, reflecting isotope fractionation during intense NO3− reduction. Later this trend slowed down in the pre-dry treatment, while δ18O-N2O was constant and δ15Nbulk-N2O decreased in the pre-wet treatment. We explain these time patterns by non-homogenous distribution of NO3− and denitrification activity, resulting from application of NO3− and glucose to the surface of the soil. We assume that several process zones were thus created, which affected differently the isotopic signature of N2O and the N2O and N2 fluxes during the different stages of the process. We modelled the δ15Nbulk-N2O using process rates and associated fractionation factors for the pre-treated soils, which confirmed our hypothesis. The site preference (SP) initially decreased while N2O reduction was absent, which we could not explain by the N-flux pattern. During the subsequent increase in N2 flux, SP and δ18O-N2O increased concurrently, confirming that this isotope pattern is indicative for N2O reduction to N2. The possible effect of the antecedent moisture conditions of the soil on N2O emissions was shown to be important. 相似文献
87.
Marasmin, which is especially known from the two South African species Tulbaghia alliacea and Tulbaghia violacea , but was also described for the garlic mushroom Marasmius alliaceus , is the precursor of the thiosulfinate marasmicin. Marasmicin has attracted considerable attention because of its antifungal and tuberculostatic activities. However, many Allium species of the subgenus Melanocrommyum, especially Allium suworowii , are also very rich in marasmin. A. suworowii revealed concentrations of marasmin up to 1.6%, related to the fresh weight of bulbs, and up to 3.0%, related to air-dried fruiting bodies, of the corresponding γ-glutamylmarsmin was found in M. alliaceus. Both species show much higher amounts of marasmin as Tulbaghia and could be considered as natural sources for the isolation of this compound. Further promising Allium species with considerable amounts of marasmin besides other cysteine sulfoxides are Allium stipitatum and Allium altissimum . (R(S),R(C))-Marasmin is typical for the investigated species of the subgenus Melanocrommyum, whereas γ-glutamyl-(S(S),R(C))-marasmin is the only cysteine sulfoxide for the genus Marasmius known until now. Both cysteine sulfoxides were isolated and described as o-phthaldialdehyde (OPA) derivatives. Furthermore, the cysteine sulfoxides methiin, propiin, S-(2-pyrrolyl)-cysteine sulfoxide, eventually S-(2-pyridyl)-cysteine sulfoxide and S-(2-pyridyl)-L-cysteine N-oxide were found. 相似文献
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90.
Karsak M Gaffal E Date R Wang-Eckhardt L Rehnelt J Petrosino S Starowicz K Steuder R Schlicker E Cravatt B Mechoulam R Buettner R Werner S Di Marzo V Tüting T Zimmer A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5830):1494-1497
Allergic contact dermatitis affects about 5% of men and 11% of women in industrialized countries and is one of the leading causes for occupational diseases. In an animal model for cutaneous contact hypersensitivity, we show that mice lacking both known cannabinoid receptors display exacerbated allergic inflammation. In contrast, fatty acid amide hydrolase-deficient mice, which have increased levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide, displayed reduced allergic responses in the skin. Cannabinoid receptor antagonists exacerbated allergic inflammation, whereas receptor agonists attenuated inflammation. These results demonstrate a protective role of the endocannabinoid system in contact allergy in the skin and suggest a target for therapeutic intervention. 相似文献