猪伪狂犬病与细小病毒病混合感染的诊治报告

本文报告了一起猪伪狂犬病和细小病毒病混合感染的诊治病例。该场出现母猪产死胎、木乃伊胎、流产、死产和初生仔猪发病死亡现象，用疫苗预防和中西药结合治疗等综合防治措施取得了较好的疗效。     

燕麦间作箭筈豌豆效应对后作产量的影响

2006-2007年,对燕麦(Avena sativa L.)与箭筈豌豆(Vicia sativa L.)不同间作比例下的产量和氮素营养特点进行研究。结果表明:间作对燕麦产量的影响极显著(P<0.01),对箭筈豌豆产草量影响较小:燕麦与箭筈豌豆按3:1间作土地当量比大于1,具有明显产量优势(P<0.05),2006和2007年间作燕麦产量分别比单作提高12.2%和16.8%;燕麦植株的含量氮提高了1.6%~6.8%;间作后茬复种燕麦产量极显著高于连作(P<0.01),其产量是连作燕麦的1.1~1.5倍,但处理间差异不显著。说明燕麦与箭筈豌豆间作,可改善土壤肥力,为后茬作物生产提供养分基础。     

壳聚糖衍生物及其在畜牧生产中的应用

壳聚糖是天然、生物相容性好的高分子聚合物,其分子中含有大量的氨基和羟基,可进行多种化学修饰,得到相应的衍生物。某些壳聚糖衍生物具有比壳聚糖更好的水溶性和功效。本文综述壳聚糖衍生物的种类及其在畜牧生产中的作用,并对其在畜牧生产中的应用前景作一展望。     

鸡源嗜酸乳扞菌的筛选

试验从健康雏鸡嗉囊、小肠、盲肠等部位分离到12株乳酸菌,通过试验筛选出了1株乳酸菌,初步鉴定为嗜酸乳杆菌,并对其耐酸、抑菌生物学特性进行初步研究。结果表明,嗜酸乳杆菌具有强耐酸性和黏附性,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有很强的抑菌作用。     

荷斯坦奶牛耳组织成纤维细胞分离培养及冷冻保存方法研究

试验对荷斯坦奶牛耳组织成纤维细胞的分离、体外培养及5种冷冻保存方法进行了研究。结果表明:用DMEM/F12 20%胎牛血清 100IU/mL双抗的完全培养液进行组织块培养,能获得良好的荷斯坦奶牛耳组织成纤维细胞原代培养物;成纤维细胞混合培养物经TrypsinEDTA(0.25%Trypsin,1mmol/LEDTA.4Na)消化所收集到的细胞主要为成纤维细胞,经2~3代传代,可得到纯化的荷斯坦奶牛耳组织成纤维细胞。纯化培养的成纤维细胞在冷冻保护剂和血清成分相同的条件下,选用5种不同的冷冻保存方法进行冷冻保存,其中使用70%细胞悬液 20%胎牛血清 10%DMSO的冷冻保存悬液,先在4℃预冷平衡0.5h,接着在液氮罐口的气态氮中悬挂4h,然后沉入液氮的方法冻存的细胞,解冻后,经台盼蓝染色后进行细胞活力分析,活细胞率为86.68%;培养48h后细胞贴壁率为86.40%,明显高于其他几种方法。     

阿维菌素·哒螨灵10.5%乳油防治草果红蜘蛛田间药效试验

对阿维菌素·哒螨灵10.5%乳油防治苹果红蜘蛛进行了田间药效试验,结果表明,阿维菌素·哒螨灵105%乳油对苹果红蜘蛛具有理想的防治效果,药后3d,2 000倍液的防效高达94.8%,在苹果红蜘蛛发生初期用药1次,持效期可达10d以上,且对苹果树生长无不良影响,安全性好.     

A molecular mechanism of resistance to streptomycin in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Xanthomonas oryzae</Emphasis> pv. <Emphasis Type="Italic">oryzicola</Emphasis>

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, the causal agent of rice leaf streak disease, was found to be sensitive to streptomycin (an aminocyclitol glycoside antibiotic), by inhibition of protein synthesis resulting from interference with translational proofreading. This study aimed to determine the molecular resistance mechanism of X. oryzae pv. oryzicola to streptomycin. Seven streptomycin-resistant mutants were obtained by UV induction or streptomycin selection. These mutants can grow at 100 μg ml⁻¹ of streptomycin while the wild-type strain (RS105) cannot grow at 5 μg ml⁻¹. Sequencing indicated that the rpsL gene encoding ribosomal protein S12 has 375 bp encoding 125 amino acid residues. In all resistant strains, a mutation in which AAG was substituted for AGG (Lys→Arg) occurred either at codon 43 or 88. Two plasmids, pUFRRS and pUFRRX, were constructed by ligating the rpsL gene into the cosmid pUFR034. The plasmids pUFRRS and pUFRRX containing the Lys→Arg mutation of the rpsL gene conferred streptomycin resistance to the sensitive wild-type strain by electroporation. Both transformants, RS1 and RS2, could grow in the medium containing 50 μg ml⁻¹ of streptomycin. A mutation at codon 43 or 88 in rpsL can result in resistance of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola to streptomycin.     

化学农药亚致死剂量对天敌昆虫的影响

天敌昆虫在害虫的自然控制方面起着重要作用,而化学农药在防治靶标害虫的同时,也不同程度地影响了天敌昆虫的生存,并对其中部分个体存在亚致死效应.本文通过整理国内外相关研究资料,介绍了亚致死剂量化学农药对天敌昆虫行为、生理、生物学等方面的影响,论证了该研究的现实意义.     

5%除虫菊素乳油防治斜纹夜蛾田间药效试验

5％除虫菊素乳油(云菊)是一种天然除虫菊杀虫剂，由除虫菊植物中提取的杀虫活性物质叫除虫菊素。使用该农药对环境无污染，对蔬菜无残留，防治斜纹夜蛾使用的适宜浓度1500——2000倍液，药后3天、7天防效分别为90．14％、94．03％，94．12％、96．89％。     

Seasonal patterns of dispersal of ascospores of Cryphonectria parasitica (chestnut blight)

Infected barks of chestnut blight cankers, caused by Cryphonectria parasitica , were collected from a naturally infected orchard and incubated at different temperatures. Cankers started to discharge ascospores about a week after incubation at 15–25°C; most ascospores were collected at 20 and 25°C. When incubated at 5, 10 or 30°C, only a few cankers released a small number of ascospores and only during the later stages of incubation. However, the rate of formation of perithecia was not affected by the incubation temperature. The number of airborne ascospores was monitored using a volumetric spore trap in a chestnut orchard during 1996 and 1997. In both years, the number of ascospores trapped daily varied greatly, but in general it increased sharply from March onwards, reached a peak in May, and then declined steeply. There was a significant correlation between daily counts of ascospores and air temperature. Time-series transfer function (TF) analysis showed a positive association of the daily number of ascospores with increasing temperature, rain events and wet/humid conditions. In general, values predicted by the TF model agreed well with the observed pattern. However, a multiple regression equation based on TF analysis failed to provide a satisfactory prediction of the daily number of ascospores.