草莓成熟过程中NAD激酶、NADP磷酸酶活性

 研究了‘春星’草莓果实成熟时NAD 激酶、NADP 磷酸酶活性及NAD 激酶部分特性。结果表明, NAD 激酶和NADP 磷酸酶活性在果实绿色期到乳白期升高, 粉红期下降, 全红期又再次升高。NAD 激酶可被Ca²⁺ 强烈抑制, 被EGTA (Ca²⁺专一性螯合剂) 激活。随着成熟进程, NAD 激酶对ATP 的依赖性增加。     

葡萄贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

葡萄是我国五大水果之一,其贮藏保鲜对我国葡萄产业的发展至关重要。从葡萄采收期、贮藏温度、冷藏、冰温贮藏、辐照处理、保鲜剂应用、气调贮藏等几个方面对生产与研究中葡萄贮藏保鲜技术进行了比较与分析,总结出系统的葡萄贮藏保鲜技术及葡萄贮藏保鲜的研究现状与发展方向,为葡萄的贮藏保鲜研究与生产应用提供借鉴。     

Indole-3-acetic acid biosynthesis in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aciculosporium take</Emphasis>, a causal agent of witches' broom of bamboo

 Aciculosporium take (Ascomycota; Clavicipitaceae) is a causal agent of witches' broom of bamboo plants. The symptoms of this disease are believed to be induced by plant hormones, particularly auxins. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) was identified in cultures of this fungus in an l-tryptophan-supplemented liquid medium. IAA production was confirmed on 30 isolates of A. take from various hosts and locations at levels up to 1 mg/l. The biosynthetic pathway of IAA in A. take culture was examined by analyzing intermediate products and by feeding experiments. The results showed that the indole-3-pyruvic acid pathway (l-tryptophan → indole-3-pyruvic acid → indole acetaldehyde → IAA) was the dominant pathway in A. take. Received: June 3, 2002 / Accepted: July 25, 2002     

Inconspicuous restraint of rice seedling growth by root-infecting fungi in soil of a rice paddy field

 Rice seedling growth, estimated by plant height and root development and discoloration, was better in pasteurized soil than in unpasteurized soil obtained from a flooded rice field. Rice seedlings also grew better in sterilized soil modified by adding roots harvested from the pasteurized soil than in soil modified by adding roots harvested from the unpasteurized soil. The results demonstrate that seedling growth in the rice field soil was inhibited by soil microorganisms, even though no typical symptoms such as seedling blight or damping-off appeared. Pythium aristosporum is suggested to be involved in the inhibition. Thus, it appears that inconspicuous restraint of rice seedling growth could occur in soils of rice paddy fields. Received: May 20, 2002 / Accepted: October 16, 2002 Acknowledgments The authors thank Dr. T. Ichitani, former professor at Osaka Prefectural University, for providing an isolate of Pythium aristosporum for comparison, and Mr. Mitsuaki Sato of Akita Prefectural College of Agriculture for technical assistance.     

钙、萘乙酸对亚精胺在猕猴桃贮藏期间作用效果的影响

以5年生中华猕猴桃品系(湘源81-2)为试材,进行了果实采收后Spd(亚精胺)、Spd+Ca2+、Spd+NAA浸果处理,研究钙、萘乙酸对多胺作用效果的影响。结果表明:不同处理均不同程度地抑制了果实的呼吸强度、果肉PG活性和细胞膜透性的增加,其中Spd+NAA浸果处理的作用效果最为显著,贮藏68d时,果肉硬度最高(0.259MPa),软果率较低(79%),好果率达100%;其次为Spd处理。     

云南金丝桃属植物资源的调查研究

 通过对云南分布的金丝桃属植物资源系统调查和资料整理，研究了该属植物在云南的地理分布及24种金丝桃的观赏性状及其资源状况，提出其持续合理开发利用的建议及措施。     

加强自身卫生防护防止传播动物疫病

随着我国畜牧养殖业的不断发展，动物防疫检疫人员在依法严格把关、确保动物及其产品检疫质量、保护人民身体健康、促进养殖业健康发展等方面，做出了积极努力和贡献。但动物防疫检疫人员作为与各种动物及其产品的密切接触者，其自身对消毒防护措施的重视程度，与动物疫病的发生和流行有着一定的关系。     

外源乙烯对草莓果实微粒体Ca2+- ATPase活性和膜脂过氧化的调节

 以乳白期‘春星’草莓(Fragaria ananassa Duch．‘Chunxing’)果实为试材，研究了经钙调素(CaM)拮抗剂三氟拉嗪(TFP)、氯丙嗪(CPZ)各100 µmol·L^-1 和钙通道阻塞剂异博定(Verapamil)100 µmol·L^-1 预处理后再用乙烯(50 µL·L^-1 )处理的草莓果实中微粒体“Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性、O₂ 产生速率和MDA含量的变化。结果表明，外源乙烯对微粒体膜O₂ 产生速率无显著影响，处理早期提高微粒体膜Ca²⁺- ATPase总活性，对MDA含量影响不大；后期加速微粒体膜Ca²⁺- ATPase总活性下降，但仍保持较高的MDA含量和线粒体膜Ca²⁺-ATPase活性。CPZ、TFP和Verapamil预处理降低了上述乙烯处理下Ca²⁺- ATPase活性和MDA含量，但对微粒体膜O 产生速率亦无显著影响，这说明细胞内Ca²⁺-和CaM 可能参与了乙烯诱导的膜Ca²⁺-ATP酶活性与膜脂过氧化水平的调节。     

起始肥料对一品红生长的影响

 研究了生长介质中起始肥料对一品红生长的影响和一品红不同部位矿质养分含量。结果表明： 速效肥比缓效肥更有利于一品红生长并提高品质，速效肥中供试的两种NO₃^--N与NH₄⁺-N比例对一品红生长影响不大。绿色叶片矿质养分含量，除Fe和Mn较高外，与国外推荐的养分诊断指标相一致，说明目前国外推荐的一品红养分诊断部位适合于绿色叶片。