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81.
Sasaki N Aiuchi H Yamada H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2005,67(10):993-997
This study aimed to establish and standardize a breath test that uses 13C-acetate in a liquid diet for evaluation of gastric emptying in horses. Seven adult healthy thoroughbreds were used in this study. They were given 13C-acetate (125 mg, 250 mg, or 500 mg) in a test meal (2000 ml liquid diet) via an intranasal catheter. 13C concentrations in the exhaled CO2 were measured in samples taken before and after test meal administration using an infrared absorption spectroscope. In the 500 mg 13C-acetate group, Delta13CO2 showed a steep gradient immediately after meal administration compared to the 125 mg and 250 mg groups. Therefore, t(max) in the 500 mg group was easier to determine than in the 125 mg and 250 mg groups. In the 500 mg group, GEC, half-empty time (t1/2), calculated t(max) (t(lag)), and t(max) were 1.95 +/- 0.28 (mean +/- SD), 229.2 +/- 57.0 (min), 139.2 +/- 22.2 (min), and 124.0 +/- 28.4, respectively. Differences in CV observed in the 500 mg group were lower than those in the 125 mg and 250 mg groups. This study demonstrates that the 13C-acetate breath test is useful for evaluating gastric emptying in horses since it is non-invasive and does not require set up of special facilities or equipment. Optimum evaluation of gastric emptying in horses can be achieved with 500 mg of 13C-acetate given in a liquid diet. 相似文献
82.
Tateishi Y Nishimichi N Horiuchi H Furusawa S Matsuda H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(4):397-400
Chicken monoclonal antibodies are potentially useful for diagnostic research and have clinical applications, as chicken show higher potential for antibody production with mammalian-conserved biological molecules. However, the applications of chicken antibodies are limited because of their immunogenicity in mammals. To overcome this problem, we have constructed a chicken-mouse chimeric antibody containing the chicken variable region and the mouse constant region. This chimeric antibody retained similar binding affinities as the parental chicken antibody. The chimeric antibody was also producible as an ascitic antibody in BALB/c mice. Furthermore, when the chimeric antibody was administered to mice, it did not provoke the mouse anti-chicken antibody response. These results indicate that the chimeric antibody is suitable for application to preclinical mouse studies. 相似文献
83.
Shiro Itoi Junpei Odaka Shunsuke Noguchi Tsutomu Noda Kohei Yuasa Toshihiko Muraki Taichi Tanabe Noriyuki Takai Kiyoshi Yoshihara Haruo Sugita 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(6):975-981
Scombrops gilberti is a member of the percoid family Scombropidae, which includes a single genus and three to four species worldwide. Little
is known about the ecology of this species. Juvenile S. gilberti have been found in the waters off northern Japan (Iwate Prefecture), whereas adults are found in the waters around the southern
counterpart (Izu Islands), approximately 700 km from the northern waters. In the present study, we captured immature S. gilberti (106–248 mm standard length, SL) in the northern waters by set net at 8–80 m depth, whereas larger individuals (150–328 mm
SL) were captured by trawling at 150–500 m depth. By contrast, only adult S. gilberti (422–590 mm SL) were captured in the southern waters. The genetic composition of the adult population of S. gilberti from the southern waters and of the juvenile population from the northern waters was compared using the nucleotide sequence
of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b gene. No significant differences in genetic parameters such as fixation index, neutrality test or mismatch distribution analysis
were found between these geographically distinct populations of S. gilberti, showing that these populations are genetically homogeneous. 相似文献
84.
85.
Sasaki N Yamada M Morita Y Furuoka H Itoh M Satoh M Yamada H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(12):1367-1369
We report a case of EMND in a heavy horse that was bred and trained in Hokkaido, Japan. Clinical symptoms included severe ataxia of all four limbs, tilted head, lethargy, and flaccid lips. Numerous axonal degenerations and swellings were observed in nuclei, mostly in the cerebellar dentate nucleus and the nucleus of the hypoglossal nerve, and in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. In the ventral horn of the spinal cord, neuronal degeneration, swelling, and/or necrosis were observed sporadically. The case was diagnosed as EMND from the clinical symptoms and pathological findings. 相似文献
86.
Ando K Yoshida S Yamauchi H Kubo S Kusaba H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2006,68(2):125-130
Development of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP)-immunoreactive (-IR) nerves supplying the basilar and vertebral arteries (BA and VA) was investigated in White Wistar rats, using double immunohistochemistry. NOS-IR and VIP-IR nerves via the anterior circulation (AC), which mostly expressed NO(+)/VIP(+), extended to the BA during the second postnatal week, and usually reached as far as the rostral two third of the BA on PND 20. NOS-IR nerves were completely lack in the cBA and the VA on PND10, and often absent from these arterial regions even at PND 20. Nevertheless, a small number of VIP(+)/NOS(-) nerves were localized in the walls from the caudal BA (cBA) to the VA on PND 5. On PND 20, they frequently met with the descending NOS-IR and VIP-IR nerves via the AC around the lower portion of the middle BA. Fiber bundles containing NOS(+)/VIP(+) axons were first visualized on the caudal VA at PND 30 and observed frequently at PND 80, with a distinct increase in number of NOS-IR and VIP-IR nerves supplying the cBA and the VA. Thus, NOS-IR nerves coming from the VA develop through its own characteristic sequence that lags markedly behind the time of appearance for VIP-IR nerves from the same vascular route and for NOS-IR and VIP-IR nerves via the AC. 相似文献
87.
88.
Pyrolysis reactions of various lignin model dimers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Primary pyrolysis reactions and relative reactivities for depolymerization and condensation/carbonization were evaluated for
various lignin model dimers with α-O-4, β-O-4, β-1, and biphenyl substructures by characterizing the tetrahydrofuran (THF)-soluble and THF-insoluble fractions obtained after
pyrolysis at 400°C. Reactivity was quite different depending on the model structure: depolymerization: α-O-4 [phenolic (ph), nonphenolic (nonph)], β-O-4 (ph) > β-O-4 (nonph), β-1 (ph, nonph) > biphenyl (ph, nonph); condensation/carbonization: β-1 (ph) > β-O-4 (ph) > α-O-4 (ph) > β-O-4 (nonph), biphenyl (ph, nonph), α-O-4 (nonph), β-1 (nonph). Major degradation pathways were also identified for β-O-4 and β-1 model dimers: β-O-4 types: Cβ-O cleavage to form cinnamyl alcohols and phenols and Cγ-elimination yielding vinyl ethers; β-1 types: Cα-Cβ cleavage yielding benzaldehydes and styrenes and Cγ-elimination yielding stilbenes. Relative reactivities of these pathways were also quite different between phenolic and nonphenolic
forms even in the same types; Cβ-O cleavage (β-O-4) and Cγ-elimination (β-1) were substantially enhanced in phenolic forms. 相似文献
89.
Supercritically treated TiO2-activated carbon (Sc-TiO2-AC) composites were studied for their adsorption and photocatalytic activities toward gaseous ammonia (NH3). The experiments were carried out at 26°C using a black lamp. The Sc-TiO2-AC composites attained higher photocatalytic activities than supercritically treated TiO2 (Sc-TiO2). NH3 was found out to be converted by the Sc-TiO2-AC composites to compounds such as N2, N2O, NO2
−, and NO3
−. The main product was harmless N2. The Sc-TiO2-AC composites are expected to be applied as effective cleaning materials to environments that emit offensive NH3 odors. 相似文献
90.
This study evaluates the influence of temperature manipulation on circulating levels of sex steroids and gonadal maturation in F1 generation Senegalese sole Solea senegalensis breeders kept under either continuous light (LL) or natural photoperiod (NP). Under LL, progressive water temperature reduction during early winter [treatment MT (modified temperature)] significantly elevated [compared with exposure to LL and constant temperature (CT)] plasma steroid levels in females (January–February) and males (January) and proportion of females initiating maturation (January), suggesting a modulatory role of decreasing temperature in the early phases of sole gonadal recrudescence. Under NP, treatment MT did not stimulate female gonadal maturation despite the significantly higher plasma testosterone levels (February) compared with exposure to NP and CT, which may indicate that females at early‐intermediate phases of ovarian development, the predominant stages of maturation at early winter, were less responsive to the treatment. Conversely, treatment MT significantly enhanced male androgen production from January onwards, together with an increase in proportions of running individuals (March), indicating that males were also responsive to this treatment at mid‐late phases of testicular development. Our data further support the strong influence of water temperature on the overall control of gonadal maturation in Senegalese sole. 相似文献