非亲和性稻瘟病菌对水稻的诱导抗性

为研究稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae不同菌株间的相互作用,选择与单抗性基因系水稻IRBL5-M （携带抗性基因Pi5）表现为亲和性的菌株HN52与非亲和性的菌株HN119为研究对象,将其单独或混合接种到单抗性基因系水稻IRBL5-M中,并通过荧光显微镜观察接种后水稻叶鞘的发病情况及病斑面积,测定接种后水稻内相关抗性基因OsWRKY45、OsNPR1、OsPR10、OsMAPK2的表达量以及活性氧的变化。结果显示,相较于单独接种亲和性菌株,混合接种后单抗性基因系水稻IRBL5-M病斑发病面积减少;混合接种中亲和性菌株HN52菌丝侵染能力降低,侵染菌丝细胞间扩展率显著降低73.13%;同时单抗性基因系水稻IRBL5-M中OsWRKY45、OsNPR1、OsPR10和OsMAPK2抗性基因表达量显著增加,水稻叶片中活性氧含量增加,表明在菌株混合侵染过程中,非亲和性菌株可通过激发水稻的抗性反应来降低亲和性菌株对水稻的侵染程度。     

布鲁氏菌病无疫小区建设与成效

近年来,我国将无疫小区管理理念应用到布鲁氏菌病防控,以养殖场生物安全防控作为切入点,整合优化布鲁氏菌病关键技术措施,结合科学有效的监督管理,全面推动布鲁氏菌病防控工作。本文重点从建设主体、生物安全体系、监测要点等方面介绍了布鲁氏菌病无疫小区建设标准,总结了布鲁氏菌病无疫小区建设对于提升完善养殖场生物安全体系,推进养殖企业从传统防控到生物安全管理、风险管理转型升级,促进产业高质量发展等方面的成效,以期对下一步工作推进提供参考。     

Estimation of Cleaner Production Potential

The term Cleaner Production(CP)and Estimation of Cleaner Production Potential are introduced, meanwhile their importance are pointed out. Three kinds of cleaner technologies are put forward-Best Available Technology(BAT), Best Economic Attractive Technology(BEAT), and usually used new technology, combined with some CP casesat home and abroad. several cleaner technologies are compared, and the results show that the implementation of CP can greatly reduce consumption of resource and energy and pollution emission, There are obvious environmental, economic and social benefits. The great potential of CP in industrial pollution control are estimated and demonstrated ultimately.     

AN ANALYSIS OF AXISYMMETRY SHELLS OF SUSPENSION CROSS SECTION BY A METHOD OF INTEGRAL EQUATION IN INITIAL PARAMETER FORM

In this paper,the axisymmetrical shells of suspension crosssection is studied by means of integral equation in initial parameter form.An example of the shells under uniformly distributed load is calculated.     

The Dynamic Change of Soil Microorganism and Enzyme Activity in the Whole Procreative Process of the Tarim Island Cotton

对塔里木海岛棉生育全程土壤微生物与酶活性的动态变化进行了检测,测试结果表明：（1）塔河种业高产海岛棉田土壤养分比塔河滩地高出6.58%~37.42%,特别是全钾、速效钾比塔河滩地高出29.02%~37.42%。（2）微生物数量变化呈现如下变化趋势：细菌类群在夏季有生长高峰,秋季略有回升;真菌在春季存在生长高峰,夏季处于低谷,秋季生物活性开始回升;放线菌生长高峰位于夏季,春秋季处于低谷。在土壤微生物区系构成中,细菌占据绝对优势,暗示土壤养分的转化主要靠细菌完成。（3）塔河种业高产海岛棉田土壤酶中的过氧化氢酶、     

海河低平原杨树││(小麦-玉米)土壤水分消耗研究及其可持续性评价

海河低平原存在着严重的水资源危机,对该区大面积推广的杨树││(小麦-玉米)复合种植模式进行土壤水分消耗规律的研究十分必要.定位实验研究表明:杨树││(小麦-玉米)复合种植模式耗水量高于常规冬小麦-夏玉米的种植模式7.9%(2年林龄)～24.5%(5年林龄);0～4 m土壤贮水总量每年平均下降51.1 mm,相当于总贮水量的4.1%;耕层杨树根系与小麦的土壤水分竞争加剧;深层土壤水分消耗加快,2～4 m土壤层次因无水分回补出现干燥化趋势;土壤水亏缺及光照等其它原因造成复合系统农作物减产趋于严重,其中林龄3年的杨农复合系统的小麦玉米产量减产平均达到35%.对经济、生态效益的综合分析表明该模式在低平原贫水区的持续性发展不容乐观.     

基于SLMD的生物质热解动力学预测模型

采用单纯形格子混合设计法(SLMD)对纤维素、半纤维素和木质素3种生物质组分进行复配优化设计,并在综合热分析仪上进行了热解试验。分析了3组分混合热解特性,建立了由生物质3组分比例直接计算动力学参数的预测模型,对模型进行了试验验证。结果表明:纤维素热解反应级数较低(1.20),活化能较高(134.50 k J/mol),指前因子较大(3.49×1012s-1),热解较为迅速与剧烈;半纤维素和木质素热解的反应级数较高(1.30、1.32),活化能较低(33.51、19.98 k J/mol),指前因子较小(9.43×103、107 s-1),热解较为缓慢;3组分在混合热解中对动力学参数存在交互影响,纤维素对活化能和指前因子的影响较为显著,而半纤维素与木质素对反应级数的影响较大;动力学参数预测模型精度较高,可有效预测生物质热解动力学参数。     

沼气池发酵原料配比及快速启动技术探讨

本文对沼气池发酵原料的配比、预处理、发酵微生物、浓度、CN比、pH值、温度等七个主要因素作了定量试验研究,并提出了较为合理的配方比例和沼气池快速启动的方法.     

A Simple and Reliable Assay for Detecting Specific Nucleotide Sequences in Plants Using Optical Thin-film Biosensor Chips

Here we report the adaptation and optimization of an efficient, accurate and inexpensive assay that employs custom-designed silicon-based optical thin-film biosensor chips to detect unique transgenes in genetically modified （GM） crops and SN-P markers in model plant genomes. Briefly, aldehyde-attached sequence-specific singlestranded oligonucleotide probes are arrayed and covalently attached to a hydrazine-derivatized biosensor chip surface. Unique DNA sequences （or genes） are detected by hybridizing biotinylated PCR amplicons of the DNA sequences to probes on the chip surface. In the SN-P assay, target sequences （PCR amplicons） are hybridized in the presence of a mixture of biotinylated detector probes and a thermostable DNA ligase. Only perfect matches between the probe and target sequences, but not those with even a single nucleotide mismatch, can be covalently fixed on the chip surface. In both cases, the presence of specific target sequences is siL, nified by a color change on the chip surface （gold to blue/purple） after brief incubation with an anti-biotin IgG horseradish peroxidase （HRP） to generate a precipitable product from an HRP substrate.