Effects of histone hypomethylation induced by alcohol during pregnancy on overexpression of cardiomyogenesis genes offspring mice

AIM:To investigate the effects of histone methylation on the abnormal expression of cardiomyogenesis genes caused by alcohol during pregnancy and the regulatory mechanism, and to provide a new idea and intervention targets for preventing and curing congenital heart disease. METHODS:The alcohol (56%, 5 mL/kg) and G9a-histone methyltransferases (HMT) inhibitor BRD4770 (1 mg/kg) were given by gavage in Kunming mice during embryo (E) 0.5~14.5 d, and the hearts of the mice in E14.5, E16.5 and post neonatal 0.5 d (PND0.5) were collected. The mRNA expression of Gata4, Cx43 and β-MHC genes was detected by RT-qPCR. The activity of HMT was measured by colorimetry. Meanwhile, the protein expression of histone H3K9me3, G9a-HMT, Cx43 and β-MHC was determined by Western blot. RESULTS:The results of colorimetry showed that the activity of HMT in the heart of the offspring mice treated with alcohol during pregnancy was decreased significantly compared with normal saline group (P<0.05), and Western blot data showed that the expression of G9a-HMT and histone H3K9me3 were apparently decreased in the same samples (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of Gata4, Cx43 and β-MHC in alcohol group were apparently increased compared with normal saline group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the protein levels of Cx43 and β-MHC were increased significantly in the same samples (P<0.05). However, BRD4770, a G9a-HMT inhibitor, further attenuated the level of histone H3K9me3, and further upregulated the expression of Gata4, Cx43 and β-MHC in the heart of the the mice treated with alcohol (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Histone methylation modification imbalance induced by G9a-HMT may be involved in the abnormal expression of cardiomyogenesis genes in the heart of offspring mice caused by alcohol during pregnancy.     

北川白山羊基因组与表型性状相关的多态性RAPD标记

北川白山羊是在特定生态条件下未经系统繁育而形成的优良地方山羊品种,在生长发育、繁殖和抗逆等性状方面具有突出优势。通过对122只北川白山羊个体基因组的扩增,结果从80条RAPD引物中选出12条多态引物,北川白山羊群体平均遗传相似率和遗传多样性指数分别为0.859 8±0.077 6和0.919 8,表明北川白山羊品种具有一定的遗传分化和较丰富的遗传多样性。在12条多态性引物中,SBS06同时对体质量（P=0.028）、体高（P=0.017）和体长（P=0.037）具有显著影响,SBS02对体质量（P=0.033）和体高（P=0.034）具有显著效应,所以推断影响体质量和体高性状的QTL基因座可能与RAPD标记SBS06和SBS02相连锁,可以应用于北川白山羊体质量和体高性状的标记辅助选择以及相应主效基因的进一步研究。     

土耳其斯坦裂体吸虫23kDa蛋白基因的序列分析及抗原表位预测

为研究土耳其斯坦裂体吸虫23 kDa蛋白的生物学特性,以土耳其斯坦裂体吸虫cDNA为模版,利用PCR对23 kDa基因进行扩增,并将其克隆到T-easy载体后进行序列测定。利用生物信息学对其结构、抗原指数进行分析,并对其抗原表位进行预测。序列分析结果表明,该虫体的23 kDa基因长度为657 bp,A+T含量为57.38%,与曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫和日本血吸虫的23 kDa基因的相似性分别为85.24%、83.71%和81.89%。蛋白二级结构分析表明,23 kDa蛋白经过4次跨膜,主要由6个α-螺旋、3个β-折叠、7个β转角和若干个无规则卷曲构成。抗原表位预测结果表明,该蛋白有3个B细胞抗原表位。综合分析土耳其斯坦裂体吸虫23 kDa蛋白是一种较好的抗原分子,是土耳其斯坦裂体吸虫疫苗的重要候选分子。     

沙柳液化产物/异氰酸酯泡沫材料热学性能研究

为探究阻燃剂对沙柳液化产物/异氰酸酯泡沫材料导热行为的影响和开发具有阻燃特性的聚合物复合材料，以沙柳多元醇液化产物为原料、辛酸亚锡为催化剂、水为发泡剂，与异氰酸酯进行发泡制备沙柳液化产物/异氰酸酯硬质泡沫，利用正交试验法研究工艺因子对硬质泡沫材料导热性能的影响规律，使用锥形量热仪（CONE）对该材料燃烧行为进行分析。结果表明:1）沙柳液化产物/异氰酸酯泡沫材料制备工艺对导热性能的影响关系为阻燃剂添加量＞沙柳液化产物与异氰酸酯比例＞阻燃剂种类，方差分析表明工艺因子对导热性能的影响均不显著；2）最优工艺:阻燃剂添加量8%，沙柳液化产物/异氰酸酯比例1.0∶1.0，阻燃剂为有机蒙脱土，制备的硬质泡沫材料密度0.168 g·cm^-3，抗压强度0.83 MPa，导热系数0.118 3 W·m^-1·K^-1，此工艺制备的聚氨酯泡沫是一种优良的保温材料；3）不同有机蒙脱土添加量的沙柳液化产物/异氰酸酯泡沫燃烧行为属于双阶段燃烧过程，阻燃剂有机蒙脱土添加量8%，燃烧开始时间推迟至120 s且总热释放量降低。     

农业科研院所视角下新兴交叉学科发展的思考

新兴交叉学科不仅是重大科学成果产生的源泉,也是解决当今社会发展过程中出现的复杂问题的重要途径.文章梳理了部分农业科研院所在新兴交叉研究领域的动向,从省级农业科研院所角度,深入探讨了新兴交叉学科的发展特点和面临形势,从产业应用目标定位、对外交流合作、复合型人才培养引进、学科建设投入、学科发展规律研究和体制机制创新等方面提出了促进农业科研院所新兴交叉学科发展的建议.     

薏苡种子质量标准研究

薏苡为贵州优质特色杂粮,种植面积全国最大,种子市场需求量大,目前市场缺乏薏苡优质种子质量评价检验标准。研究通过对薏苡种子的净度、千粒重、含水量、发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数等指标的测定与统计分析,初步建立薏苡优质种子质量评价检验标准。     

作物中4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶的遗传进化分析

4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶(4CL)是苯丙烷类代谢途径的关键酶。2014年着重以水稻、大豆、玉米为研究对象,通过收集4CL基因完整的c DNA和编码氨基酸序列的数据,利用Mobyle、EMB0SS、DNAMAN以及MEGA5.0和Clustalx 1.83等生物信息学软件对数据进行分析比较,从而对4 CL基因的遗传进化及密码子使用进行分析总结。本研究构建了4CL的系统发生树,研究基因的密码子偏好性,比对分析酶的保守区,为进一步研究4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶在农作物中的应用提供理论支持,为研究其次级代谢产物木质素及黄酮类物质的合成、积累和调控奠定基础。     

苦瓜对8种蔬菜的化感作用

以8种海南主要栽培的蔬菜为受体,采用室内生测法研究苦瓜(Momordica charantiaL.)茎叶水浸提液对其化感作用。结果表明:苦瓜茎叶水浸提液对8种受体植物的种子萌发和幼苗生长均有一定的化感效应,且化感作用方式和强度在受体间及指标间存在显著差异;化感作用综合效应的平均值大小顺序为:辣椒黄瓜豇豆菜豆萝卜樱桃番茄胡萝卜番茄。试验结果为建立合理的栽培制度提供了理论和试验依据。     

Development and application of a molecular marker for TMV resistance based on <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis> gene in tobacco (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Nicotiana tabacum</Emphasis>)

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) caused serious loss in yield and quality of tobacco every year. It is a long-term goal to improve the tobacco resistance against TMV by tobacco breeding. N gene was the firstly reported TMV-resistant gene, which showed resistance against all Tobamoviruses except the Ob stain and belonged to the toll-interleukin-1 receptor/nucleotide-binding site/leucine-rich repeat class of plant resistance (R) genes. At present, N gene had already been widely used in tobacco conventional breeding, but there is rare available molecular maker used in marker-assisted selection of TMV resistance. In this study, we designed a pair of primers that specific amplify N gene fragment based on the sequence of N gene intron III, named N-marker. Then, we identified TMV resistance by two selecting methods, PCR with N-marker and inoculated with the TMV-C strain. Results from the two method showed that (1) 13 varieties among 67 tobacco varieties displayed hypersensitive reaction when inoculated with the TMV-C strain, also contained N gene fragments screened by PCR with N-marker; (2) 105 strains of 200 BC1 strains showed resistance against TMV when inoculated with TMV-C strain, meanwhile, 103 of the 105 strains contained N gene fragment verified by PCR with N-marker. Therefore, the N-marker is reliable for high throughput screening of germplasm resources and tobacco breeding materials in selection of N-mediated TMV resistance. Our study not only developed a molecular marker for tobacco breeding, but also identified new germplasm resources that are resistant to TMV.     

浅谈猪精液保存在人工授精中的发展与展望

在世界上主要的猪肉生产国中,猪人工授精(AI)技术的应用率在90%以上。尽管猪冷冻精液技术在不断进步,但由于其效率不高,在猪场实际生产中并不多见使用。在猪人工授精技术中,液态精液是目前应用最广泛的精液,与传统的牛冷冻精液不同,其独特的精子微胶囊保护膜技术,可以对猪精子进行更加完善的液态保存,因此液态精液是目前猪人工授精使用的主要方式。文章综述了猪精液保存技术在人工授精中的应用,并展望了今后的发展方向,为人工授精技术助力恢复生猪生产提供参考。