南京牛首农副产品合作社专题调研的思考

农民专业合作经济组织是由从事同类农产品生产经营的农民自愿组织起来．在农业生产经营的产前、产中、产后等环节实行资金、技术、信息、生产、供销等互助合作与服务的经济组织，是市场经济条件下，农民进行自我服务、自我发展、自我保护的一种行之有效的组织形式。在对南京牛首农副产品合作社进行专题调研的基础上，拟从南京牛首农副产品合作社的实践分析入手，提出进一步发展壮大江宁区农民专业合作经济组织对策和建议。     

源于马铃薯Y病毒CP基因的dsRNA原核表达及提取

以马铃薯Y病毒(Potato virus Y,PVY)为基础构建了含PVY CP基因3’端253bp反向重复片段的双链RNA(dsRNA)原核表达载体,并转化大肠杆菌HT115(DE3),经IPTG诱导产生dsRNA,用LiCl沉淀法提取,获得了高质量的dsRNA。     

Differentiation of human bone marrow-derived stem cells into insulin-producing cells in vitro and in vivo

AIM: To explore the possibility of differentiating functional insulin-producing cells from human BM-derived stem cells. METHODS: Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from human bone marrow. Then these cells were induced with epidermal growth factor, β-mercaptoethanol and high concentration of glucose. The gene expression related to islet β cells was detected by RT-PCR. Insulin in the treated cells was examined by immunocytochemistry. In addition, the levels of insulin secretion and glucose-stimulated insulin release were examined by microparticle enzyme immunoassay. Finally, the induced cells were implanted into the right renal subcapsular space of diabetic mice. Blood glucose levels were monitored 16 d after implantation. The right kidneys of the treated mice were harvested for immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The key genes related to pancreatic β cells had been confirmed to express by PCR and insulin was detected by immunocytochemistry in differentiated human BM-derived stem cells induced by high glucose, which responded to glucose challenge. Furthermore, implantation of the cells in renal subcapsular space was able to lower the glucose levels in hyperglycemic mice. After 16 days, the implanted cells were determined still to be insulin positive cells by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION: These results indicate human BM-derived stem cells are capable of differentiating into functional insulin-producing cells and may represent a pool of cells for the treatment of diabetes.     

Study on Proliferation and Apoptosis of EBL Cells Induced by P48 Protein of Mycoplasma bovis

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of P48 protein on proliferation and apoptosis of embryonic bovine lung (EBL) cells.In this study,samples which co-incubated with P48 protein and EBL cells in different concentrations at different time points were collected,the proliferation rate of the cells was detected by MTT method,and the changes in the nuclear morphology of EBL cells were observed by DAPI staining method.Meanwhile,flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of EBL cells induced by P48 protein.Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the changes in mRNA level of apoptotic marker genes,and Western blotting tested the Bax and Beclin-1 protein expressions.The results showed that under the condition of 72 h and 10 μg/mL of protein concentration treatment,P48 extremely significantly inhibited EBL cells proliferation (P<0.01),while 0.1 and 0.5 μg/mL protein concentration had no inhibitory effect (P>0.05).The nuclear morphology showed no significant change after protein induction for 12 h,but wrinkled and condensed at 24 h.The nucleus was fragmented,and a sprouted apoptotic body was appeared at 48 and 72 h.Apoptosis related genes expression showed no obvious increase at 2 and 12 h at mRNA level,but gradually increased at 24,48 and 72 h,and it showed a time-dependent manner.Accordingly,the expression of apoptosis marker proteins Bax and Beclin-1 significantly increased.Flow cytometry analysis showed that the apoptosis rate of EBL cells induced by P48 protein was 48.44%.In conclusion,P48 recombinant protein of Mycoplasmas bovis inhibited the proliferation of EBL cells and promoted their apoptosis,which provided reference for revealing the pathogenic mechanism of Mycoplasmas bovis.     

昆虫化学信息物质概述

昆虫化学信息物质以其微量i高效、无污染、与农药兼容等特点而成为当前世界各国昆虫学家研究的热点问题，它们的应用范围非常广泛，本文对昆虫化学信息物质的概念进行了综述，阐述了其包含的种类的相互关系和相应的概念以及在农、林业害虫领域中的应用效果，展望了昆虫化学信息物质的发展前景。     

油松育苗不同时间播种效果的试验

油松育苗播种时间不同,效果明显不同,适时早播,不仅能提高苗木对病虫害的抵抗力,躲过苗木出土初期的日灼,还由于延长了苗木生长期,可增强木质化程度和抗寒、抗旱性能,为安全越冬创造有利条件,并能提高单位面积优质苗产量。所以,油松育苗实行适时早播十分重要。     

枣中糖测定的研究进展

综述了枣中糖的分离、提纯和测定的研究进展，并对目前研究存在的问题及以后的发展前景进行了讨论。     

“NSI—415”保水剂在干旱区林业建设中的应用

基于多途径提高水资源利用效率的目的,通过对保水剂的功能、应用技术的论述,分析保水剂在干旱区林业建设中的应用方法及对不同树种的影响效应,结果表明:保水剂对干旱区常见造林树种作用显著,可提高高生长13%-18.1%。对于梭梭、柽柳、沙枣等灌木树种,施用保水剂可将困难立地条件下造林成活率提高14%。     

三明城市林业发展的探讨

根据三明市区自然条件、环境问题、社会经济状况以及森林植被现状 ,提出三明城市林业建设的战略与措施 ,为三明城市林业的可持续发展提供参考     

观光木播种苗生长规律及育苗技术研究

用有序样本聚类分析法将观光木1年生播种苗生长过程划分为4个时期:出苗期(2月26日-5月20日)、幼苗期(5月21日-7月20日)、速生期(7月21日-10月20日)和生长后期(10月21日-11月20日)。不同播种期的试验表明:冬播观光木比春播提早16 d萌发,苗高、地径生长量和总生物量分别比春播提高13.3%、15.1%和18.8%。采用沙藏可促进种子提早萌发和提高场圃发芽率。不同密度试验表明,观光木育苗采用60株.m-2的密度较好。