毛乌素沙地草地畜牧业经营模式的开发与示范

根据盐池县毛乌素沙地自然特点,坚持以发展种植业、畜牧业为主线,以科技创新为动力,开发出5种毛乌素沙地草地畜牧业经营模式并进行示范,以扩宽增加农民经济收入渠道,促进区域经济的发展,实现生态环境、经济、社会的协调发展。     

低浓度玉米小斑病菌C小种毒素培养滤液对玉米叶片过氧化物酶活性的诱导作用

分别用不同低浓度玉米小斑病菌C小种毒素培养滤液处理两种基因型(C103和B37)的同核异质系的玉米叶片,以提高玉米叶片内过氧化物酶(POD)的活性;结果说明:过氧化物酶的活性变化与植物抗病性呈正相关,低浓度C毒素培养滤液本身能够作为激发子来诱导玉米获得抗性,故低浓度C毒素培养滤液作为激发子来诱导玉米的系统获得性抗性具有一定的广适性。对CB37和CC103的处理中,1∶60处理组效果均表现为较好,POD酶活性最高。     

农药药械市场2006年概况及2007年展望

1农业形势及农作物重大病虫害发生情况2006年是实施“十一五”规划的开局之年,也是建设社会主义新农村的起步之年。中央出台了一系列惠农政策,农业部提出了实现“三增目标”、实施“三大战略”和“九大行动”的要求,各级植物保护技术推广部门,进一步加大了农作物有害生物防控力度,粮食生产在前两年实现了恢复性增长的基础上,今年继续增产,呈现出良好的局面。2006年全国病虫害偏重发生。小麦条锈病发病早、发病面积大、病情重。小麦蚜虫在黄淮海及北方大部麦区偏重至大发生。水稻螟虫呈重发态势。长江中、下游与江南稻区稻飞虱继续大发生,为…     

光照对棉花胚珠纤维离体发育的影响

分析了光照和黑暗条件下，对培养棉花胚珠纤维离体发育的影响。表明在其它条件相同时，纤维离体发育在基因型之间有很大的差异，光照对纤维的发育起了明显的抑制作用。无论受精胚珠还是未受精胚珠，在光照条件下其胚珠成活率、纤维诱导率、纤维生长量、胚珠鲜重均低于在黑暗条件。尤其是未受精胚珠，在光照条件下珂３１２ 与ＴＭ－ １虽能诱导产生纤维，但纤维诱导率很低，仅有８．１９％ 和４．９６％ ，纤维生长量为０．１６３７和０．１１３２，而浙５０６、罗甸铁子和徐州１４２无絮突变体均不能产生纤维。本试验表明：只有在黑暗条件下才适合纤维离体发育。     

日粮钙水平对泌乳水牛生产性能的影响

为了探讨日粮钙水平对泌乳水牛生产性能的影响,本试验选用12头胎次、泌乳时间、泌乳量相近的水牛,随机分成4组,每组3头水牛。采用4×4拉丁方试验方法,4组水牛基础日粮中钙含量分别占基础日粮干物质的0.47%、0.62%、0.78%、0.93%,其他营养成分均相同,其中磷占采食干物质比例为0.50%;共4期试验,每一试验期21 d,其中预饲期7 d,正饲期14 d。试验结果表明:1、不同钙水平日粮对泌乳水牛的产奶性能影响不显著(P>0.05),但0.78%钙水平日粮组水牛的产奶量分别比其他3组提高5.4%、5.5%、3.9%,不同钙水平对水牛奶营养成分影响不显著(P>0.05)。2、不同钙水平日粮对水牛血浆中钙含量影响差异显著(P<0.05);随着日粮钙水平的上升,水牛血液甲状旁腺素和1,25二羟基维生素D呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05)。综合各指标,日粮钙占采食干物质的比例为0.78%能进一步提高泌乳水牛产奶量。     

Influence of murine cytomegalovirus infection on the differentiation and the differentiation genes expression in neural stem cells

AIM: The influence of MCMV infection on differentiation and differentiation gene expression in neural stem cells(NSCs) in vitro were investigated for studying the mechanisms of brain abnormalities caused by congenital cytomegalovirus infection.METHODS: NSCs were separated from fetal BALB/C mouse, and cultured and identified in vitro. The differentiation potency of NSCs was observed by immunofluorescence. The NSCs infected by MCMV at dosage of MOI(multiplicity of infection) equaled to 5, 1 and 0.1,respectively, were cultured in differentiation medium. The morphological changes of infected cells were observed under inverted microscope. The ratios of NSCs and its differentiated cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of nestin, GFAP and NSE, markers of NSCs and its differentiated cells, were studied by immunofluorescence(MOI=1). The expression of early antigen(EA) of MCMV was detected to observe the infection process. Real-time RT-PCR method was employed to measure the expression levels of the key genes Neurog2, Myc and Ccnd1 in Wnt signal pathway of NSCs at early stage of differentiation culture.RESULTS: NSCs isolated from embryonic mouse brains proliferated to form neurospheres, strongly expressed nestin and differentiated into NF-200 positive neurons or GFAP positive astrocytes. The infected NSCs did not adhere to the wall and appeared differentiation growths, but showed swollen gradually after differentiation culture. The nestin expression in the infected cells downregulated slowly and was higher than that in control groups(P<0.05). The GFAP and NSE expressions of the infected cells were lower than those in control groups(P<0.05). The early antigen(EA) of MCMV was always detected in the cells in infected groups. The ratios of nestin positive cells in infected groups were higher than those in control groups, but the ratios of GFAP and NSE positive cells of former were lower than that of the latter from 3rd to 9th d after differentiation culture(P<0.05). The levels of Neurog2 mRNA and Myc mRNA in infected groups were markedly lower than those in normal control groups on 1st d and from 1st to 4th d after differentiation culture, respectively(P<0.05). The levels of Ccnd1 mRNA of infected groups were obviously lower than those in normal control groups from 12th h to 1st d(P<0.05). These changes in infected groups became more obvious as MCMV MOI increased.CONCLUSION: MCMV significantly inhibits differentiation of NSCs to neurons and astrocytes, and leads to the decrease in differentiated cells. MCMV inhibits or interferes with the gene expression of Neurog2, Myc and Ccnd1 in Wnt signal pathway of NSCs. The effect that MCMV inhibits the expressions of differentiation and the differentiation genes in NSCs shows dose-dependent with MCMV MOI. The inhibitory effect of MCMV on the differentiation of NSCs might be induced by interfering with the expression of differentiation gene in NSCs, which is possibly the one of primary causes of brain development disorders induced by congenital CMV infection.     

氮对低氧胁迫下樱桃根系抗氧化酶活性及线粒体功能的影响

 以‘吉塞拉5号’樱桃组培苗为试材, 研究短期低氧胁迫下氮对樱桃幼苗根系抗氧化酶活性 及线粒体功能的影响。通过溶氧调节仪人为控制营养液溶氧浓度为2 mg·L ^{- 1} , NO₃^- 浓度共设4个水平:0、7.5、15.0、22.5 mmol·L ^{- 1} , 以1 /2 Hoagland营养液正常低氧处理(NO₃^- 浓度7.5 mmol·L ^{- 1} ) 为对照。结果表明: 各处理SOD、POD、CAT酶活性均呈现先升高后降低的趋势。与对照相比, 营养液加氮处理的SOD、POD、CAT酶活性升高, 膜质过氧化程度减轻, 且氮浓度越大酶活性升高幅度越大, 而营养液缺氮处理的酶活性降低, 膜质过氧化程度加重; 营养液缺氮处理樱桃根系线粒体中的H₂O₂和MDA含量、O₂^-·生成速率升高, 而营养液加氮处理可降低O₂^-·的产生及MDA含量, 提高线粒体的氧化磷酸化水平, 保护樱桃根系线粒体膜的完整性, 对线粒体呼吸功能的破坏明显减轻, 且NO₃^- 离子浓度高时效果更好, 说明适当提高营养液中的氮素水平可以缓解低氧胁迫对樱桃根系的伤害。     

木香花挥发性组分的定量结构-色谱保留关系研究

采用分子电性距离矢量(MEDV)表征了木香花挥发性成分的分子结构,建立了色谱定量结构-保留关系(QSRR)模型,同时运用多元线性回归/逐步回归对模型进行变量筛选,建立了53种木香花挥发性成分气相色谱保留时间(tR)与MEDV的定量相关10 变量、 6变量模型及线性保留指数(ILR)的10、7、6变量模型.QSRR模型的建模计算值复相关系数(R)分别为0.949、0.906、0.906、0.949和0.943.留一法交互校验复相关系数(RCV)分别为0.867、0.904、0.905、0.901和0.904.结果表明所建模型具有良好估计能力与稳定性.     

Effects of hypoxia on the expression of heparanase and invasiveness of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line

AIM: To evaluate the effects of hypoxia on the expression of heparanase and the invasiveness of SKOV3 ovarial carcinoma cell line. METHODS: SKOV3 cells were incubated at either normoxia (37 ℃, 5％CO2, 21％O2) or hypoxia (37 ℃, 5％CO2, 1％O2) condition for 12 h, 24 h and 36 h. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect mRNA and the protein expressions of heparanase under different conditions. Cell invasiveness was measured by matrigel invasion assay. RESULTS: Compared to normoxia group, the heparanase mRNA expression level in hypoxia group was increased and in 12 h hypoxia group was the highest. The heparanase protein expression in hypoxia group was also significantly increased (P<0.01) and the expression of heparanase in hypoxia group was also different (P<0.05). Compared to normoxia group, the level of cell invasion was markedly increased in 12 h, 24 h and 36 h groups (P<0.05). During 12-36 h hypoxia period, the increase in hypoxia-induced invasiveness in SKOV3 cell line showed a time-dependent manner (P<0.05). Meanwhile, there was a positive correlation between the expression of HPA and the invasiveness of SKOV3 cells (r=0.8530, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Invasion of SKOV3 cells in hypoxia condition correlates with heparanase level. Hypoxia plays an important role in the augmentation of the heparanase expression and the invasiveness of human ovarian cancer.     

池塘青虾高产养殖技术

青虾，学名日本沼虾，肉质细嫩，味道鲜美，是近年来出现的新的养殖品种。因其养殖设施简单、投资少、效益高、市场容量大等特点，近年来池塘青虾养殖面积在杭嘉湖地区得到大规模的发展。目前全省养殖面积已达８万多亩，养殖技术日趋完善，养殖产量和养成规格不断提高，所取得的经济效益也十分明显。一般亩产青虾７５—１００ｋｇ，亩利润１５００—２５００元，高的亩产量可达１５０ｋｇ以上，亩利润高达４０００多元。现将在池塘青虾养殖过程中所采取的主要技术措施总结如下。１虾塘条件１．１面积 １—４亩较适宜，太小易缺氧，太大管理…