湖北薤山自然保护区两栖爬行动物多样性调查

2005年8月对湖北省薤山自然保护区的两栖动物和爬行动物进行了专项调查.分别记录到两栖动物21种,隶属于2目8科;爬行动物31种,隶属于2目9科.对它们的物种组成、地理区系特点和保护等级进行了研究,并提出了保护建议.     

城市绿地系统研究展望

城市绿地作为城市生态系统的重要组成，在改善城市生存环境和维持生态平衡方面发挥着重要作用。在概述城市绿地概念及其组成、分类、功能等基础上，高度总结了现代城市绿地、绿地评价、园林绿化、园林植物、园林学科等领域的研究进展。最后，重点概括了城市园林绿地研究的发展方向。     

城市园林绿化质量可拓综合评判方法研究

为客观、准确地对城市园林绿化质量进行评判,依据国际花园城市标准、国家生态园林城市标准、国家园林城市标准、城市绿化规划建设指标规定和部分省级园林城市标准,筛选了建城区绿化覆盖率、建城区绿地率、建城区人均公共绿地面积三大指标为园林绿化质量的评判特征因子。在此基础上,引入可拓学理论,建立了城市园林绿化质量评判物元模型,给出了基于关联函数的可拓评判方法。并结合某城市园林绿化现状,实际评判了其质量综合水平状况。     

红松果用林研究进展与产业化前景

红松果用林是通过嫁接、抚育等经营管理措施促进林木结实,以大量生产优质松子为目标的林分.通过对国内外红松果用林研究状况和产业化前景的综合分析,重点综述了红松果用林的优树选择、果林营建、促进结实技术及个体发育性别型等方面的研究新进展;并从红松果用林的优树选择、果林营建、促进结实技术等方面分析了我国红松果用林产业化前景.     

Researches and Application of Fuelbreaks in China

The fuelbreaks were established in south China from 1950s. With the active work of local communities and state government, the fuelbreaks have been built for 398,000 kilometers. In some areas, fuelbreaks and firebreaks have constructed a network primarily, such as in the provinces of Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi. The fuelbreaks can prevent forest fire effectively. That has been approved by actual examples and burning tests. The fuelbreaks also benefit the forest ecosystem and environment. This paper makes a review on fuelbreaks research and application in China, discussed present research achievements about fuelbreaks mechanism and its development. In the future, the Chinese government and local communities will increase investment in the construction of firebreaks network with fuelbreaks as focal points.     

20%灭·阿可湿性粉剂防治落叶松毛虫试验

试验于 2 0 0 1年 8～ 9月 ,在内蒙古赤峰市克什克腾旗桦木沟林场华北落叶松人工林内进行。结果表明 ,使用 2 0 %灭·阿可湿性粉剂进行地面常规喷雾和喷粉防治落叶松毛虫的效果显著 ,采用用药量 4 5 0～ 75 0g/hm2 进行常规喷雾防治 ,落叶松毛虫虫口减退率达 97%以上 ;采用药量 6 0 0～ 90 0g/hm2 进行常规喷粉 ,虫口减退率达 90 %以上 ,而且常规喷雾的防效好于常规喷粉     

Content changes of several endogenous plant hormones in female-sterile <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus tabulaeformis</Emphasis> Carr

To determine the relationship between female sterility of Pinus tabulaeformis Carr. and plant hormones, content changes of several endogenous plant hormones in a female-sterile clone and a normal clone were analyzed during the key period of female gametophyte abortion in mutant clones. The change of ABA content showed a similar pattern between normal and mutant clones, but the ABA content of the mutant clone was always much higher than that of the normal clone. In the normal clone, the IAA content decreased significantly at the early stage of the period and reached its minimum during the first ten days of April and stabilized thereafter. The endogenous ZR levels increased sharply at the early stages and reached a maximum in the middle of April, then decreased dramatically. The IAA and ZR contents of the mutant clone did not change perceptively through the entire period. We conclude that the high levels of ABA and the deficit of IAA and ZR may be the reasons of female gametophyte abortion in the female-sterile clones of P. tabulaeformis.     

油茶织蛾生物学特性研究

Casmara patrona is one of the main borer pests damaging Camellia oleifera in China. Few reports about this insect were published. The life history, biological characteristics and natural enemies of C. patrona were investigated through field survey and laboratory observation in this study. The results showed that C. patrona had one generation in one year or two years, and overwintered as 3rd-5th instar larva in Zhejiang Province. About 88 percent of larvae began to pupate in early May, and the rest kept feeding till the next year. The adults could be observed from early June to early July, and the peak of emergence occurred in late June. The adults began to oviposit in late June and terminated in early July. The eggs started hatching in early July, and then the larvae bored into the branch to feed. The entrance holes of the larvae distributed predominately in the middle of the eastern and southern part of C. oleifera tree. The larva had five instars, and there were 10-50 days when the larva did not feed between consecutive instars.     

桂西北秃杉人工林土壤肥力变化的研究

采用时空互换法,于广西南丹县山口林场选取不同林龄(9、14、20 a)的秃杉人工林作为研究对象,对其土壤物理性质、化学性质和生物化学性质(土壤酶活性)进行研究。结果表明:不同林分年龄土壤性质存在一定的差异,8、14、20 a秃杉人工林表层土壤(0 20 cm)土壤密度分别为0.978、0.914、0.890 g·cm^-3,总孔隙度分别为63.10%、65.53 %、66.40%,土壤最大持水量分别为64.55%、71.70%、74.58%。随着林龄的增长,土壤各化学和生物化学指标的变化不尽相同,但林分年龄到20年生时,多数土壤养分和酶活性指标都有所升高,土壤肥力状况得到提高。     

祁连山森林土壤的水文生态效应

祁连山水源涵养林受立地水热条件的影响和自然、历史干扰,多世代演替共存,分布占祁连山3个垂直气候带,主要由湿性灌丛林、青海云杉林、祁连圆柏林、干性灌丛林4种类型组成,6个林型即湿性灌丛林、藓类青海云杉林、灌木青海云杉林、草类青海云杉林、祁连圆柏林、干性灌丛林。调查研究表明,各类森林枯落物(层)的现存量,组成成分、持水率、持水量等均不相同。森林土壤矿质层的主要物理性质因森林类型而不同,并均随着土壤的深度呈某种规律性的变异。森林土壤的持水量主要受土壤孔隙度的影响。在祁连山林区,森林土壤的持水量较非林地(牧坡草地)土壤为高,在各森林类型中青海云杉林和灌丛林的持水量,较祁连圆柏林为高。