Genotypic prevalence of the adhesin involved in diffuse adherence in Escherichia coli isolates in pre-weaned pigs with diarrhoea in Korea

A total of 1002 Escherichia coli strains isolated from pre-weaned pigs with diarrhoea on 1114 swine farms were screened for the presence of the adhesin involved in diffuse adherence (AIDA) gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Escherichia coli isolates that carried AIDA genes were also tested by PCR for the detection of five fimbriae (F4, F5, F6, F18 and F41), heat-stable (STa, STb) and heat-labile (LT) enterotoxin, enteroaggregative E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin 1 (EAST1), and Shiga toxin 2 oedema disease (Stx2e) genes. Twenty-three (2.3%) of the 1002 E. coli isolates carried the gene for AIDA. Among 23 isolates shown to carry genes for AIDA, three carried the AIDA gene as the only shown virulence factor. Other isolates carried other virulence factor genes in addition to AIDA. Four isolates carried genes for at least one of the fimbrial adhesins and enterotoxins. Sixteen isolates carried genes for enterotoxins only. The AIDA may represent an additional virulence determinant in pre-weaned pigs with diarrhoea.     

Esophageal and gastric feeding tubes in ICU patients

Providing nutrition to critically ill patients is important to the healing process. This article will focus on selection and placement of nasoesophageal, nasogastic, esophagostomy, and gastrostomy tubes. Advantages and disadvantages of these tubes will be discussed, as well detailed instructions on the placement of the aforementioned tubes.     

稳定敲降PrxⅡ基因对QSG-7701细胞系抗氧化作用的影响

为了建立PrxⅡ敲降的稳定细胞系并探究人肝细胞中PrxⅡ对过氧化氢(H2O2)的清除作用,使用空白慢病毒载体和含Sh-PrxⅡ的慢病毒载体侵染人肝细胞系QSG-7701,利用流式细胞仪以及荧光显微镜检测转染效率,蛋白免疫印迹检测PrxⅡ蛋白信号,然后用不同浓度的H2O2处理Scramble(空白慢病毒载体转染组)和Sh...     

龙蒿脂肪酸成分研究

试验对提取的龙蒿Artemisia dracunculus油脂进行甲酯化处理,采用气相色谱技术,首次对龙蒿脂肪酸成分进行了分析,结果表明,龙蒿中含有19种脂肪酸(鉴定17种)。脂肪酸性质评价显示,龙蒿的多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸相对含量比(PUFA/SFA)为3.25,可见龙蒿具有降血脂功能。     

Crustal dilatation observed by GRACE after the 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake

We report the detection of an earthquake by a space-based measurement. The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites observed a +/-15-microgalileo gravity change induced by the great December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake. Coseismic deformation produces sudden changes in the gravity field by vertical displacement of Earth's layered density structure and by changing the densities of the crust and mantle. GRACE's sensitivity to the long spatial wavelength of gravity changes resulted in roughly equal contributions of vertical displacement and dilatation effects in the gravity measurements. The GRACE observations provide evidence of crustal dilatation resulting from an undersea earthquake.     

The mevalonate pathway controls heart formation in Drosophila by isoprenylation of Ggamma1

The early morphogenetic mechanisms involved in heart formation are evolutionarily conserved. A screen for genes that control Drosophila heart development revealed a cardiac defect in which pericardial and cardial cells dissociate, which causes loss of cardiac function and embryonic lethality. This phenotype resulted from mutations in the genes encoding HMG-CoA reductase, downstream enzymes in the mevalonate pathway, and G protein Ggamma1, which is geranylgeranylated, thus representing an end point of isoprenoid biosynthesis. Our findings reveal a cardial cell-autonomous requirement of Ggamma1 geranylgeranylation for heart formation and suggest the involvement of the mevalonate pathway in congenital heart disease.     

酸水解对提高橘小实蝇蛋白饵剂中总游离糖含量的影响

为了提高蛋白饵剂中总游离糖的含量,采用酸水解的方法,通过单因素试验和正交试验对糖类水解酸浓度、水解温度和水解时间3个影响因素进行分析.在本试验范围内,最佳水解条件为酸(盐酸)浓度2.5 mol/L,温度为95℃,时间为3h.水解酸(盐酸)浓度对糖类的水解影响最显著,其次是水解温度,水解时间影响最小.     

有机种植模式下几种药剂对烤烟真菌性病害的防治研究

为有效控制在有机种植模式下烟草真菌性病害,采用经有机产品认证的枯草芽胞杆菌800倍液、小苏打500倍液和板蓝根(Isatis indigotica)、金银花(Lonicera japonica)、青蒿(Artemisia annua)和鱼腥草(Houttuynia cordata)4种中草药提取液对烤烟白粉病和炭疽病进行田间防效研究.结果表明:鱼腥草提取液和小苏打对烤烟白粉病防治效果较好,经过2次喷药后防效分别达到66.67％和57.68％,其余药剂防效在31％以下;2次喷药后枯草芽胞杆菌对炭疽病的防治效果为57.34％,其余药剂防效均在25％以下.在有机烟叶规模生产中可使用小苏打与枯草芽胞杆菌对真菌性病害进行防治;鱼腥草具有进一步研究的价值.     

拮抗茄子黄萎病菌土壤放线菌的分离筛选和鉴定

为了研究土壤拮抗性放线菌对茄子黄萎病的生防价值,从陕西省延安市宝塔区与汉中地区土壤中分离、纯化获得154株具有纤维素降解活性的放线菌。采用平板对峙培养法进行初筛,用生长速率法对抑菌效果较好的菌株ZX-10-4进行抑菌谱的测定,并进行盆栽试验验证其对茄子黄萎病的防治效果,通过形态、培养特征及16S rDNA序列分析研究其分类地位。结果显示,有17株放线菌对茄子黄萎病菌抑菌效果较好且抑菌活性稳定,其中菌株ZX-10-4的抑菌活性最高,抑菌率达90.15%;活性菌株ZX-10-4发酵原液对茄子黄萎病的保护和治疗作用分别为70.00%和60.33%,稀释5倍液的防效也在50%以上。根据形态、培养特征、生理生化指标和16S rDNA序列分析,初步确定菌株ZX-10-4为白网链霉菌Streptomyces albireticuli的近似种。     

转DsRed荧光蛋白的新月弯孢Curvularia-lunata菌株构建

本研究通过农杆菌介导转化方法(ATMT),利用DsRed荧光蛋白基因对玉米弯孢叶斑病致病菌新月弯孢进行遗传转化。通过转化子的荧光蛋白基因和潮霉素B抗性基因的PCR检测,菌丝体和分生孢子的荧光观察,hyg基因的Southern杂交验证,以及荧光蛋白基因插入位点的TAIL-PCR分析,确定了DsRed荧光蛋白基因插入与表达对新月弯孢转化子的影响。结果表明:测定的4株转化子基因组中均成功整合了DsRed荧光蛋白目的基因片段;转化子在生长发育和致病性方面与野生型菌株存在一定差异,分别有2株在产孢量方面略高于野生型菌株,4株转化子在纤维素酶活性和粗毒素致病力方面均低于野生型菌株,有3株转化子在果胶酶活性上较野生型菌株有提高,1株转化子的致病力显著低于野生型菌株;获得其中3个转化子插入位点的侧翼序列。