赴加拿大森林航空消防吊桶培训考察报告

为进一步增强森林航空消防直接灭火特别是吊桶灭火的能力,受加拿大SEI责任有限公司的邀请和局领导的安排,我们组成森林航空消防吊桶技术培训考察团于2006年10月16～29日赴加拿大进行了培训和考察。     

赴西北林业考察报告

考察西北林业建设及林业产业发展,吸取生态公益型林场的经营管理经验。     

豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(CpTI)抗虫转基因新疆杨的获得

利用根癌农杆菌介导法将广谱抗虫基因豇豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(CpTI)基因导入新疆杨(Populus a1-ba var．pyramidalis)，经筛选获得了大量转基因植株。对转基因植株经PCR鉴定、PCR-Southern和点杂交分子检测结果证实CpTI基因已整合进杨树基因组中。部分转基因植株的饲虫实验表明，饲喂转基因杨树叶片可明显抑制杨尺蠖幼虫生长发育。     

猪脑干核团的形态和构筑——Ⅲ.对中脑中央灰质的研究

本实验利用Nissl氏、Weil氏和Golgi—Cox氏三种染色法,在脑干连续横切面、水平切面和矢状切面上,研究了13个猪中脑中央灰质的形态和构筑。结果表明,猪的中脑中央灰质可根据细胞的形态、体积、细胞的密度及纤维分布的方式等因素,分为五个亚核。内侧亚核围绕在中脑导水管的周围,细胞体积小、密度低,有髓神经纤维的含量极少;背侧亚核居内侧亚核的背侧,以分布有多量的颗粒细胞为特征,有髓神经纤维多呈网格状排列;外侧亚核居中脑中央灰质的背外侧区,细胞大小不匀,但密度较高,有髓神经纤维的排列内侧呈环行,外侧呈辐射状;腹侧亚核居中脑中央灰质的腹侧区,小细胞的含量较多,有髓神经纤维呈密集的网格状分布;背外侧缘亚核居中脑中央灰质嘴侧二分之一的背外侧角内,呈一细的纵行的细胞柱,特点是细胞体积较大,且较均匀,细胞密集(29 100个/mm~3),在Golgi—Cox氏法染色的切片上,细胞呈多极形、三角形和锥形,而无其它亚核中占多数的梭形细胞,由于此亚核无文献记载,故暂按其位置命名。     

排水烂田小春农田杂草及其防除方法研究

排水烂田(脱潜型水稻土)从排水第2种植年起,小麦田间杂草危害趋于严重,看麦娘是其主要杂草类型。轮作和除草剂绿麦隆、拿扑净对不同种值年小春田间杂草均有明显防除效果。小麦田除草绿麦隆用量以0.35公斤/亩为宜。杂草防除促进小麦、油菜生长,增产效果十分显著。     

杜青林部长在全国测土配方施肥工作视频会议上的讲话

2005年12月,中央农村工作会议和全国农业工作会议在京召开。中央农村工作会议研究了“十一五”期间推进社会主义新农村建设问题,全面部署了2006年农业和农村工作。全国农业工作会议提出“发展现代农业,推进新农村建设”的工作思路。2006年2月21日,《中共中央国务院关于推进社会主义新农村建设的若干意见》的中央一号文件正式公布,进一步明确了推进社会主义新农村建设的总体要求和重大方针政策。围绕建设社会主义新农村的任务和要求,我国农业将着力实现粮食增产、农业增效、农民增收的“三增”目标,实施转变农业和农村经济增长方式、拓展农业发展领域和途径、提升农业自主创新能力和支撑保障能力的“三大战略”的重要举措,全面推进农村工作。为更好地服务“三农”,进一步发挥政策和信息引导的作用,本刊在2006年将紧密结合当前形势和农业重点工作进行报道,对重大农业政策进行解读;原有的栏目也将进行相应的调整,使其更贴近农业生产实践,以便更好地为广大读者服务。读者如有好的意见和建议,欢迎及时与本刊联系,增进沟通,加强了解,共同把本刊办好。(本刊编辑部)     

茄子嫁接栽培技术关键

利用嫁接技术,选择抗病的茄子砧木,再嫁接本地适销对路的茄子品种,即增加产量,又增强抗逆性,会产生很好的经济效益,具有很高的开发价值.     

Apparent Digestible Energy and Nutrient Digestibility Coefficients of Diet Ingredients for Pacu Piaractus brachypomus

The digestible energy and apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients of common diet ingredients were determined for pacu Piaractus brachypomus (370.21 ± 17.56 g). Fish were fed with pelleted practical diets to apparent satiation and the feces were collected by siphoning. The digestibility value for each ingredient was determined by comparison of the digestibility of a test diet with a reference diet (24.5% crude protein and 1% chromic oxide). The digestible energy values of soybean meal (SBM), fish meal (FM), corn (CN), and wheat bran (WB) were 2382. 3826, 3353, and 1784 kcal/kg, respectively. The apparent dry matter digestibility coefficients were 83.72, 90.14, 89.13, and 82.05% for SBM, FM, CN, and WB, respectively. The apparent crude protein digestibility coefficients were 75.88, 90.49, 85.06, and 61.62% for SBM. FM, CN, and WB, respectively. The apparent lipid digestibility coefficients were 63.03, 77.00, 83.01, and 82.45% for SBM, FM, CN, and WB, respectively. The digestibility of protein, lipid, and energy from SBM were somewhat low compared to values for other warmwater omnivorous fishes, but similar to values reported for pacu-caranha P. mesopotamicus. Otherwise, the nutrient and energy availability of the ingredients to P. brachypomus was similar to that of other fish. This information will be useful in formulating nutritious, economical diets for pacus.     

Invited review: Amino acid bioavailability and digestibility in pig feed ingredients: terminology and application

In this review, the terminology that is used to describe the bioavailability and ileal digestibility of AA in pig feed ingredients is defined. Aspects of the methodology to establish bioavailability and ileal digestibility values also are discussed, and recommendations about the use of these values are provided. Two main factors can contribute to differences between bioavailability and ileal digestibility of AA. First, some AA, such as Lys, may be absorbed in chemical complexes that preclude their use for metabolism. Second, fermentation in the upper gut may result in a net loss or gain of AA to the animal. In addition, dietary effects on the efficiency of using bioavailable AA intake for tissue growth or milk production should be considered and may be attributed to endogenous AA losses in the hindgut and the metabolic costs associated with endogenous gut protein synthesis and losses. Ileal digestibility values may be expressed as apparent ileal digestibility (AID), standardized ileal digestibility (SID), or true ileal digestibility (TID). These terms are used to specify how ileal endogenous AA losses are reflected in digestibility values. Ileal endogenous AA losses may be separated into basal losses, which are not influenced by feed ingredient composition, and specific losses, which are induced by feed ingredient characteristics such as levels and types of fiber and antinutritional factors. Values for AID are established when total ileal outflow of AA (i.e., the sum of endogenous losses and nondigested dietary AA) is related to dietary AA intake. A concern with the use of AID values is that these are not additive in mixtures of feed ingredients. This concern may be overcome by correcting AID values for defined basal endogenous losses of AA, which yields SID values. Furthermore, if the AID values are corrected for basal and specific endogenous losses, then values for TID are calculated. However, reliable procedures to routinely measure specific endogenous losses are not yet available. It is recommended that basal ileal endogenous losses of AA should be measured in digestibility experiments using a defined protein-free diet and that these losses are reported with observed AID and SID values. It is suggested that SID values should be used for feed formulation, at least until more information on TID values becomes available.     

实行农业产业化经营是增加农民收入的必然趋势

增加农民收入保持农村稳定是近年来中央和各级地方政府农村工作的出发点和落脚点.在分析现阶段农民增收的困境的基础上,提出了实现农业产业化经营是增加农民收入的必然趋势.并进一步分析了农业产业化经营对农民增收的五个方面促进作用.