哈茨木霉对水稻恶苗病菌的拮抗作用

PDA平板拮抗试验表明 ,哈茨木霉对水稻恶苗病菌有强烈的拮抗作用 ,其孢子悬浮液的含孢量为 10⁶～10⁷个 /mL时 ,对恶苗病菌的抑制力达 92.33%。通过哈茨木霉菌液和 3种药剂对水稻恶苗病菌抑制效果的比较 ,哈茨木霉孢子悬浮液含孢量为 10⁷个 /mL与施保克质量浓度 1μg/mL的抑菌效果接近 ,分别为 76.7%、75.4%。显微摄影结果显示 ,哈茨木霉以附着胞附着在恶苗病菌菌丝上 ,然后穿透菌丝在其内生长 ,或与恶苗病菌的菌丝平行生长 ,然后再侵入病菌内寄生。     

动物组织中己烯雌酚残留的高效液相色谱/电化学检测方法研究

建立了动物组织中己烯雌酚的高效液相色谱/电化学检测方法.色谱柱为HypersilODSC18柱(5μm,4.6mm×250mm);流动相为乙腈-0.007mol/L磷酸二氢铵(48∶52,V/V,pH3.5);电化学检测的检测模式为前处理(pretreat),工作电压为0.9V,灵敏度为0.5μA.己烯雌酚浓度在0.2～100ng/g范围内具有良好线性关系,相关系数为0.9995.各组织不同添加浓度的平均回收率均为80%,批内变异系数《3.60%,批间变异系数《3.72%,检测限为0.2ng/g.     

甘肃东方蜜蜂的形态特征研究

通过测定甘肃2个不同样点的4群东方蜜蜂发现,甘肃蜜蜂种群内遗传变异丰富,种群中许多形态性状特征表现出较明显的地理变异性;蜜蜂个体增大、体色变深,具体是:前翅长、前翅宽、背板3,4宽;后腿长、蜡镜长、蜡镜宽、蜡镜间距、腹片3,6的长和宽逐渐增加;背板3,4、小盾片的色素度逐渐加深。这些均具有生态适应意义。     

我国食用菌出口遭遇贸易壁垒的原因、类型及对策

贸易壁垒正在成为我国农产品出口的瓶颈。本文分析了我国食用菌产品出口遭遇的贸易壁垒类型及其原因，并提出了相关建议。     

The relation of muscle protein degradation and 26S proteasome

The ubiquitin-dependent 20s/26s proteasome system is the capital pathway of exo-lysosome proteolysis within eukaryotic cell. Under conditions of denervation, starvation, glucocorticoid, infection, tumor, burn and so on, the proteasome system was stimulated to degrade protein, which results in muscle lose fast. Glucocorticoid, insulin, thyroid hormone, TNFα and IL-1β play important roles in the regulation of muscle protein degradation and the proteasome system. Inhibition or activation of the proteasome system was approved to be a novel means of treatment with cachexia and negative nitrogen balance.     

野外放归大熊猫肠道菌群变化的研究

对四川卧龙中国保护大熊猫研究中心的一只野外放归亚成体大熊猫肠道菌群的组成和季节变化规律进行了研究,同时与其圈养双胞胎兄弟的肠道菌群进行了比较。从放归大熊猫粪便中分离出17种肠道菌,优势菌群为肠杆菌、肠球菌和乳杆菌。与圈养大熊猫相比,放归大熊猫肠道菌群中优势菌群的种类未发生改变,但是肠球菌数量增加,肠杆菌和乳杆菌的数量减少。研究发现放归大熊猫肠道菌群中的肠杆菌和肠球菌的数量随季节变化有较大波动,乳杆菌的数量随季节变化波动不大;而圈养大熊猫三种优势菌的数量随季节变化波动都不大。     

Effect of Luteolin on Blood Indexes,Liver and Kidney in Mice with Acute Mercury Poisoning

To study the effect of luteolin on blood indexes,liver and kidney in mice with acute mercury poisoning,28 mice were randomly divided into four groups:Control group (intraperitoneal injection 0.9% saline),luteolin group (lavage 100 mg/kg luteolin),mercuric chloride group (intraperitoneal injection 4 mg/kg mercury chloride) and mercury chloride+luteolin group (intraperitoneal injection 4 mg/kg mercuric chloride,lavage 100 mg/kg luteolin).The activities of ALT in serum,AST,CREA and BUN contents,blood WBC,RBC,HGB content and GSH and MDA contents of liver tissue were detected.Morphological changes of liver and kidney tissues were observed.The results showed that compared with the control group,the activities of ALT and AST of mercuric chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P < 0.01),serum CREA,BUN,blood WBC and liver tissue MDA contents were significantly increased (P < 0.05) while blood RBC,HGB and liver tissue GSH contents were significantly decreased (P < 0.05).Liver,kidney pathological changes were obviously.Compared with mercuric chloride group,the activities of ALT,AST in serum,CREA,BUN,blood WBC and liver tissue MDA contents of mercuric chloride+luteolin group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05),while blood RBC,HGB and liver tissue GSH contents were significantly elevated (P < 0.05).Liver,kidney pathological changes were attenuated obviously.The poisoning were characterized by inflammation and the occurrence of anemia when acute mercury poisoning occurred,liver and kidney showed different degrees of injury in mice.Luteolin could reduce the toxic effects of acute mercury poisoning on blood,liver and kidney.     

白藜芦醇和褪黑素对绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞转染及卵母细胞体外成熟的影响

试验旨在利用白藜芦醇(Re)和褪黑素(MT)提高绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞电穿孔转染(电转)效率、优化卵母细胞体外成熟体系,以提高转基因动物生产效率。将绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞分为6组:对照组、添加白藜芦醇高、中、低(R^-5、R^-6、R^-7)3种浓度组及白藜芦醇和褪黑素联合添加组(R^-5M^-5、R^-6M^-7),通过电转效率和细胞凋亡情况确定电转体系优化方案;通过对细胞周期、线粒体膜电位及活性氧(ROS)的检测研究其作用机制。将绵羊卵母细胞分为对照组及白藜芦醇和褪黑素(R^-5M^-5、R^-6M^-7)联合添加组,通过绵羊卵母细胞体外成熟后卵丘细胞扩展、第一极体排出及体外受精胚胎的卵裂率检测其对卵母细胞体外成熟的作用。研究结果显示,分离的绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞P3代增殖旺盛,细胞生长曲线呈典型的S型;与对照组相比,所有试验组胎儿成纤维细胞的电转效率均显著提高(P<0.05),R^-5M^-5组电转效率最高;R^-6M^-7组显著降低细胞凋亡率(P<0.05),R^-5、R^-6、R^-5M^-5和R^-6M^-7组均显著促进细胞增殖(P<0.05);R^-6、R^-7、R^-5M^-5和R^-6M^-7组G1期细胞增加,S期细胞相对减少,但差异均不显著(P>0.05);R^-6、R^-7、R^-5M^-5和R^-6M^-7组成纤维细胞内ROS水平均显著降低(P<0.05),R^-6、R^-5M^-5和R^-6M^-7组线粒体膜电位均显著增加(P<0.05);R^-6M^-7组显著促进绵羊卵丘细胞扩展、提高卵母细胞第一极体排出率和体外受精胚胎发育能力(P<0.05)。综上,白藜芦醇和褪黑素可以优化绵羊胎儿成纤维细胞电转体系,提高卵母细胞体外成熟效率,为白藜芦醇和褪黑素在转基因动物生产中的应用提供参考依据。     

水稻半外卷叶突变体sol1的表型分析与基因定位

适度卷曲有利于提高水稻叶片的光合效率,增加植株光合产物的有效积累量。我们利用甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)处理籼型水稻保持系西农1B,获得一个稳定遗传的水稻半外卷叶突变体。该突变体从十叶期开始各叶片逐渐向外卷曲直至半卷状,并伴随茎秆半矮化和叶片披垂,暂被命名为semi-outcurved leaf 1(sol1)。与野生型(WT)相比,sol1的叶片卷曲指数均达到30%以上(P<0.01);倒一、倒二、倒三、倒四节节间长度和穗长极显著缩短,倒一、倒二、倒三叶的叶夹角显著或极显著增加;有效穗数、千粒重、每穗实粒数、结实率显著或极显著下降,一次枝梗数则增加11.3%(P<0.05)。sol1的蒸腾速率、胞间CO2浓度、气孔导度显著高于野生型。石蜡切片显示,sol1倒一叶的泡状细胞体积变小,数量显著增多,表皮细胞体积略微增大。遗传分析表明,sol1的半外卷叶性状受1对隐性核基因调控,定位于6号染色体标记JY6-3和JY6-10之间165 kb的物理范围内,共含15个注释基因。qRT-PCR结果表明,与泡状细胞相关的内卷基因和外卷叶基因RL14、Roc5、REL1在突变体sol1中呈不同程度的上调,NRL、BRD1、OsHox32、ADL1、LC2则呈不同程度的下调。研究结果为SOL1基因的克隆和功能研究奠定了基础。