转基因抗虫保铃棉(Bollgard~ひ)检测方法研究

运用常规 PCR方法和实时荧光 PCR方法对转基因抗虫保铃棉外源基因 Ca MV 35 S启动子、NOS终止子、标记基因NPT II和目的基因 Cry IA(c)进行了检测。建立了快速、准确的抗虫保铃棉籽转基因成分的 PCR检测方法。     

安徽中籼稻主要产量因子结构研究

以安徽省2000—2005年的中籼稻区域试验和联合鉴定试验的424个品种(组合)为材料,对产量性状作了相关分析及主成份分析。分析结果表明:产量和每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重均呈极显著正相关,与有效穗呈显著正相关,每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数、结实率与有效穗呈极显著负相关,千粒重与有效穗呈负相关。所以在中籼品种(组合)的高产育种中,应以选每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数为主攻目标,即要选育穗大粒多型品种,不必过于追求有效穗和千粒重。穗实粒数、产量与全生育期存在一定的正相关关系,但不显著,即生育期短的品种(组合)也可以实现高产。主成份分析也表明穗实粒数、穗总粒数是高产育种主攻的关键。并在分析基础上提出了中籼稻品种(组合)高产育种策略建议,为中籼新品种(组合)的选育提供参考。     

芹菜对铁的吸收及铁对其生长和品质的影响

通过调节水培营养液中铁浓度分别为0,0.7,1.4,2.8,5.6,8.4,11.2和14.0.mg/L的8个水平种植4个芹菜品种,研究了不同铁供应水平对芹菜生长和植株铁含量及其品质的影响。结果表明,0.7mg/L浓度下,芹菜生长良好,没有表现缺铁症状,1.4mg/L浓度时,叶片中的铁含量达最大值,2.8mg/L浓度下,芹菜产量,Vc、蛋白质、叶绿素含量较高,硝酸盐含量较低。在各铁供应水平下4个芹菜品种均未出现铁中毒现象。供铁以后,其供应量对芹菜叶中钙、镁含量影响不大;锌含量与营养液中铁浓度呈负相关,铁锌之间表现出离子竞争作用。     

湛江农垦蔗区甘蔗宿根矮化病调查研究

甘蔗宿根矮化病(Ratoon Stunting Disease,RSD)是一种世界性的重要甘蔗病害，对甘蔗生产为害较重。为了明确湛江农垦蔗区甘蔗RSD的发生情况，为健康种苗生产提供科学依据。本文应用斑点杂交酶链免疫法(Dot Blot Enzyme linked Immuno Assay，DB-EIA)，对随机采于湛江农垦丰收、华海及广前三个主要蔗区的1935个蔗茎样品进行检测。结果表明，1935个样品中，RSD检出率为62.84%；广前公司蔗区、华海公司蔗区及丰收公司蔗区RSD发生率分别为95.3%、80.9%及41.0%；主要栽培品种新台糖22号、新台糖25号、粤糖89-113、粤糖79-177的RSD检出率分别为55.0%、54.2%、84.3%及94.8%；新植蔗发生率64.2%，宿根蔗发生率61.3%；调查的12个品种和84个甘蔗生产队均可检测出RSD。RSD在湛江农垦蔗区已普遍发生且发生率较高，主要栽培品种感病严重。     

QTLs for Fusarium head blight response in a wheat DH population of Wangshuibai/Alondra‘s’

Summary A doubled haploid (DH) wheat population derived from the cross Wangshuibai/Alondra‘s’ was developed through chromosome doubling of haploids generated by anther culture of hybrids. Fusarium head blight (FHB) was evaluated for three years from 2001 to 2003 in Jianyang, Fujian Province, China, where epidemics of FHB have been consistently severe. After 307 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were screened, 110 pairs were polymorphic between Wangshuibai and Alondra`s’, and used to construct a genetic linkage map for detection of quantitative trait loci (QTLs). A stable QTL for low FHB severity was detected on chromosomes 3B over all three years, and QTLs on chromosomes 5B, 2D, and 7A were detected over two years. Additional QTLs on chromosomes 3A, 3D, 4B, 5A, 5D, 6B and 7B showed marginal significance in only one year. Six QTLs were detected when phenotypic data from three years were combined. In addition, significant additive-by-additive epistasis was detected for a QTL on 6A although its additive effect was not significant. Additive effects (A) and additive-by-additive epistasis (AA) explained a major portion of the phenotypic variation (76.5%) for FHB response. Xgwm533-3B and Xgwm335-5B were the closest markers to QTLs, and have potential to be used as selectable markers for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in wheat breeding programs.     

Countermeasure in Consultation for Project Prospecting and Designing after the Access of China to WTO

The consultation in project prospecting and designing plays a very important role in the project construction and it is facing a great challenge after the access of China to WTO. In this paper, the countermeasure in consultation of project prospecting and designing is put forward as follows: change the idea; cultivate and develop a perfect market system; to build a market operating system in keeping with the requirement of international practice and market; to reform and perfect the trade management system; to enhance the level of the project prospecting and designing unit; to change the government's function; to strengthen the quality control to ensure the quality of the project; to form a perfect law and regulation system; to encourage and strengthen the technology reform to set a fine base for the sustainable development and to adjust and work out the encouraging policy to help the trade development.     

马铃薯晚疫病发生因素研究

世界各地种植马铃薯的地区,都有晚疫病的发生,不同地区晚疫病发生因素不尽相同,损失程度也由多方面因素决定的。作者结合部分试验结果,论述了气候条件、种植品种、田间管理和药剂防治四方面对马铃薯晚疫病的影响。其中气候条件对马铃薯晚疫病影响最大。     

谷秆两用稻201对硒的生物富集作用研究

硒（Se）是人体必须的微量元素，采用40 mg/kg的亚硒酸钠在齐穗期开始喷施谷秆两用稻201，使大米有机硒含量达0.27 mg/kg左右（P<0.05）；同时米糠和高蛋白稻草的有机硒富集水平分别提高3到4倍（P<0.05）；为生产富硒优质米提供依据，为生产富硒食用菌提供了优质原料。     

高淀粉玉米郑单18播期试验研究

在河南驻马店市对高淀粉玉米品种郑单18分6个不同播期进行播种试验，通过对不同播期间的生育期、株高、干物质积累、主要经济性状、产量分析比较，初步得出该品种在豫南地区的适宜播期为5月26日~6月20日，为该品种在豫南的高产栽培及大面积推广应用提供了一些科学依据。     

不同水(陆)稻品种(系)干旱胁迫效应分析评价

为了扩大水稻抗旱资源的应用,提高水稻抗旱育种效率,对来自17个不同国家105份水(陆)稻品种(系)进行干旱胁迫效应评价。采用了同异分析法,在干旱胁迫下,株高、单株有效穗、穗长、每穗实粒数、每穗总粒数、结实率、千粒重、单株谷重8项农艺及经济性状,进行了综合评价分析。结果表明:105份水(陆)稻品种(系),分析评语"差"的有60个品种,占57.1%;"一般"的评语共有22个品种,占21%;"较好"和"好"的评语各有10个品种,占9.5%;"优良"的只有4个品种,占3.8%,分别为IR77298-14-1-2-13、IR77298-5-6-18、CACHO PRETO、IR77298-5-6-11,均为籼稻品种。由此得出,籼稻品种抗旱性明显高于粳稻品种,抗旱同异评语的级别与每穗实粒数、结实率、单株谷重3个性状密切相关。