珠江卷口鱼年龄生长、食性和繁殖的研究

本文报道了珠江卷口鱼的年龄生长、食住和繁殖方面的研究结果。通过分析确定:卷口鱼的年龄级由I—IV龄鱼组成,各龄鱼分别占渔获物总量的42.21％、38.21％、19.21％和0.38％。用统计学方法,计算出卷口鱼体长与鳞长的相关式为:L=8 43.30R(r=0.9956);体长与体重的相关式为:W=8.226×10~(-3)L~(3.374)(Γ=0.9654)。对卷口鱼各种食物的组成、季节变化及出现率作了分析探讨。卷口鱼个体绝对怀卵量波动于7878—48880粒之间,平均22250.7粒。绝对怀卵量与体长和体重的相关式为:R=4.5419L~(3.6208)和R=40.88W 1209. 文中对卷口鱼的资源繁殖保护,网具使用和合理捕捞规格等问题进行了讨论。     

Breaking seasonal limitation: year-round sporogenesis in the brown alga Laminaria saccharina by blocking the transport of putative sporulation inhibitors

Year-round induction of sporogenesis of Laminaria saccharina was performed by mechanically blocking the transport of the putative sporulation inhibitors produced by the blade meristem and culturing the plants in constant short days. Sporogenesis was successfully induced by removal of the blade meristem, either by cultivating distal blade fragments or by performing a transverse cut in the frond. The earliest sorus formation after artificial induction was 10 days. The age of the sporophytes used for induction was 6–11 months or 2 years in tank-grown or field-collected sporophytes, respectively. Zoospores were successfully released in all cases. Thus, by year-round artificial induction of sporogenesis, (1) sporeling production of L. saccharina and thereafter sporophyte cultivation could be achieved without seasonal limitation, and (2) the life cycle of L. saccharina (from spore to spore) could be completed within 8 months under controlled conditions.     

冬季施肥引发死鱼浅析

商丘市梁园区李庄乡养殖户张某有一口11亩水面的鲤鱼精养池,自12月10日以来连续死鱼2000多公斤,12月22日前来治疗,根据其带来病鱼和池水所查验的结果,确定了治疗方案,经诊治,病情得到了控制,现总结如下:     

麦棉两熟短季棉新品种——中棉所85

中棉所85（原代号中夏杂06）是由中国农业科学院棉花研究所以sGK中394为母本、以品系071239为父本培育的杂交组合。该组合2010—2011年完成河南省短季杂交棉品种区域试验,2012年完成河南省短季棉生产试验。2009年获得在黄河流域棉区的国家农业转基因生物生产应用安全证书Ea基安证字（2009）第177号]。2013年通过河南省审定,审定编号：豫审棉2013006。     

非接触式测温鉴定母猪典型生理状态

体温是衡量母猪发情与否的关键生理指标。母猪发情期与间情期体温的明显不同,是运用红外热成像监测母猪体温变化以鉴定母猪发情的依据。该研究基于Y3TB01体温筛查智能摄像机和红外热像仪C3实时非接触拍摄母猪红外热图像,并运用图像分析技术获取体温,为非接触式测温用于鉴定母猪典型生理状态提供支持。试验以空怀期、发情期、妊娠1～8 d和妊娠9～16 d大白初产和经产母猪共720头为研究对象,利用红外设备和电子体温计分别测量母猪的眼睛、耳、耳蜗、乳房、外阴、臀部和直肠温度,筛选不同胎次发情母猪和返情母猪的体表关键部位温度,进行差异分析。结果表明：运用Y3TB01体温筛查智能摄像机可以代替直肠温度测定,准确监测母猪体表温度（相关系数为0.973）;红外热像仪C3检测体温异常母猪的体表温度,臀部温度可以作为筛选大白初产发情母猪和返情母猪的测定部位（准确率分别为77%和72%）,外阴温度可以作为筛选大白经产发情母猪和返情母猪的测定部位（准确率分别为88%和81%）。因此,Y3TB01体温筛查智能摄像机和红外热像仪C3配套技术能准确监测母猪体温和异常体温报警,明确不同胎次不同生理时期大白母猪体表部位温度和体温分布,准确鉴定出发情母猪和返情母猪。研究为非接触式测温鉴定母猪发情技术提供了科学依据,对规模化猪场母猪的饲养管理与疫情防控具有重要意义。     

棉花品种创棉513

创棉513于2021年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。从选育过程与方法、生物学特性、产量表现、纤维品质和抗病性等方面对其进行了介绍,并总结了主要的栽培技术措施。创棉513在西北内陆早熟棉区生育期124 d,株型较紧凑,Ⅱ式果枝,株高70.1 cm,霜前花率100%,抗枯萎病、耐黄萎病,纤维品质达到国家棉花品种审定标准Ⅱ型品种要求。2020年生产试验中,创棉513的666.7 m²籽棉、皮棉产量分别为394.9 kg、185.1 kg。     

分子标记在菠萝研究中的应用

介绍了分子标记技术在菠萝上的应用,主要包括种质鉴别、遗传多样性、亲缘关系、连锁图谱构建以及与优良农艺性状相关的分子标记的获得等方面的情况,并对存在的问题和应用前景进行了讨论。     

黑龙江省西部农牧交错区保护性耕作模式研究

由于采用传统的草原改耕地、过度放牧等耕作方式,致使黑龙江省西部农牧交错区的土壤大面积退化、水土流失严重,导致了生态环境的恶化,实施保护性耕作是改变这种现状的有效手段。通过对传统耕作模式和保护性耕作模式进行对比研究,提出了农牧交互区中农业区和草原区适合采用的保护性耕作技术模式,为未来农牧交错区保护性耕作模式发展方向提出了合理化建议。     

红松不同种源与家系苗期生理特性研究

通过对铁力市、带岭林业局、五营林业局和汤旺河林业局4个不同种源群组的39株红松家系3年子代苗期的生理生长特性显示,4个种源区家系3年苗木的苗木质量指数（QI）分别为铁力0.45,带岭0.4,五营0.43,汤旺河0.49,各群组间苗期生理特性差异较小。其中表现最为优良单株为铁力9号优树,全株生物量为5.12g,二级根当年萌发数为140。表现最差为带岭26号优树,全株生物量为2.57,二级根当年萌发数为65。组内差异较大。另外,五营种源区各家系间分化程度较小,其峰值基本处于中心水平区间。而其它3个种源区家系间峰度偏移,组内分化相对明显。在对各家系地上部和地下部的分析证明,红松家系幼苗在出苗初期就已经出现一定差异,而种间竞争和根系的生长发育则起到了重要作用。     

Effect of Copper(II), Lead(II), and Zinc(II) on Growth and Sporulation of Halophytophthora from Taiwan Mangroves

This study evaluated the effect of lead (Pb(II)), zinc (Zn(II)) and copper (Cu(II)) on growth and sporulation of four Halophytophthora species (Halophytophthora vesicula, Halophytophthora elongata, Halophytophthora spinosa var. lobata, and an oogonia-producing Halophytophthora sp.) isolated from different mangrove sites in Taiwan. Results show that all isolates grew well or even better at 1 ppm concentration of the heavy metals tested. Growth of all test isolates was totally inhibited at 500 ppm, except for H. spinosa var. lobata exposed to Zn(II). For sporulation, all isolates produced moderate to abundant zoosporangia or oogonia at 1 ppm Pb(II) and Zn(II). Production of zoosporangia by H. vesicula, H. elongata and H. spinosa var. lobata was significantly affected or totally inhibited at 1 ppm Pb(II) and Zn(II) and all concentrations of Cu(II). Abnormal oogonia were produced by Halophytophthora sp. at 10 ppm Cu(II) and 100 ppm of the three heavy metals. In general, Cu(II) and Zn(II) were found to be the most toxic, and the least toxic was Pb(II). H. spinosa var. lobata was the most tolerant to all the heavy metals, while H. vesicula and H. elongata were the most sensitive. Results of this study shows that increased concentrations of Pb(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) in the mangrove environment can significantly affect growth and impair normal reproduction of Halophytophthora species.