辣椒胞质雄性不育系(CMS)子叶培养植株再生(英文)

An in vitro shoot regeneration procedure was developed in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) lines 9704A and 8214A using cotyledon as explant. The callus and bud cluster derived from cotyledon tissue explants were proliferated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different combinations of 6-benzladenine (6-BA), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA3) and silver nitrate (AgNO3). From the formula of MS appended with 5.0 mg/L 6-BA, 1.0 mg/L IAA and 5.0 mg/L AgNO3, for the explants callus and bud cluster, the maximum differentiation rates (respectively 100.0% and 58.3%) and average number of adventitious bud from each explant (respectively 18.8 and 13.2) were obtained. The optimum medium combination for the elongation of adventitious bud was determined to be: MS+ 3.0 mg/L 6-BA + 1.0 mg/L IAA+ 5.0 mg/L AgNO3+ 2.0 mg/L GA3, from which the elongation rates of buds from callus and bud cluster were both 100%, and the average number of per explant adventitious bud number reached 6.3 and 5.8, respectively. And all the elongated shoots were successfully rooted on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 0.3-0.5 mg/L IAA.     

Effects of ＂Bioactive＂ amino acids leucine, glutamate, arginine and tryptophan on feed intake and mlRNA expression of relative neuropeptides in broiler chicks

Feed intake control is vital to ensuring optimal nutrition and achieving full potential for growth and development in poultry. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of L-leucine, L-glutamate, L-tryptophan and L-arginine on feed intake and the mRNA expression levels of hypothalamic Neuropeptide involved in feed intake regulation in broiler chicks. Leucine, glutamate, tryptophan or arginine was intra-cerebroventricularly (ICV) administrated to 4d-old broiler chicks respectively and the feed intake were recorded at various time points. Quantitative PCR was performed to determine the hypothalamic mRNA expression levels of Neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti related protein (AgRP), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) and corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF). Our results showed that ICV administration of L-leucine (0.15 or 1.5 μmol) significantly (P<0.05) increased feed intake up to 2 h post-administration period and elevated both hypothalamic NPY and AgRP mRNA expression levels. In contrast, ICV administration of L-glutamate (1.6μmol) significantly (P<0.05) decreased feed intake 0.25, 0.5 and 2 h post-injection, and increased hypothalamic CRF and MC4R mRNA expression levels. Meanwhile, both L-tryptophan (10 or 100μg) and L-arginine (20 or 200μg) had no significant effect on feed intake. These findings suggested that L-leucine and L-glutamate could act within the hypothalamus to influence food intake, and that both orexigenic and anorexigenic Neuropeptide genes might contribute directly to these effects.     

无耗能控水袋释水规律及其特性研究

该文采用温室盆栽法,研究了无耗能控水袋释水规律。控水袋技术是采用无耗能水泵原理向植物提供水分,通过控水头释放水量。研究表明,控水袋的释水量主要取决于控水头规格与土壤接触面积的大小、植物需水状况以及土壤含水量。处理50 d后,刺槐、侧柏和国槐的土壤含水量分别维持在9.1%～12.2%、9.3%～12.1%和6.8%～11.6%,不浇水的对照土壤含水量仅为0.6%～0.9%,已处于严重的干旱状态;处理50 d后,刺槐、侧柏和国槐的释水总量分别为3 345、2 849、2 122 g,分别为正常浇水量的28.3%、23.3%和17.5%。说明在干旱条件下使用控水袋可明显改善土壤水分状况,减轻水分胁迫,且使用控水袋后能达到很好的节水目的。      

应用SSR和ISSR标记分析栽培香稻品种的遗传多样性

本研究利用24对SSR引物和36个ISSR引物,分析33份来源于亚洲10个国家的香稻品种的遗传多样性。分别获得93条和181条多态性片段,每个SSR座位可检测3～8个等位基因,平均为4．23个;每个ISSR引物可检测3～8个多态性位点,平均为5．03个。根据SSR和ISSR标记计算的品种间遗传相似系数分别在0．294～0．884之间和0．595～0．867之间。聚类分析表明,利用两种标记所得的聚类结果基本上一致,与品种所处的3种气候类型变化基本相符。进一步证实SSR和ISSR标记是研究水稻种质资源分类有效的工具。     

加热结合季也蒙毕赤酵母处理抑制真菌侵染引起的樱桃番茄腐烂的研究

分别采用加热与季也蒙毕赤酵母以及二者相结合的方式对采后樱桃番茄进行处理．研究对其采后腐烂的影响。试验结果表明,38℃加热处理能够显著地抑制3种不同的有害真菌（灰葡萄孢菌、链格孢菌和黑根霉菌）菌丝体的生长,说明加热处理和季也蒙毕赤酵母处理均能够减少由上述3种有害真菌导致的腐烂。     

植物F-Box蛋白及其生物学功能研究(英文)

F-box蛋白是一类含有F-box结构域,在泛素介导的蛋白质水解过程中具有底物识别特性的蛋白质家族。这类蛋白质在细胞循环、信号传导、基因转录、雄性不育和细胞程序化死亡等多种生理过程中发挥重要作用。介绍了已知的植物F-box蛋白质的生物学功能并对F-box基因的系统进化进行了分析。     

坳陷湖盆斜坡带三角洲沉积微相与砂体分布研究——以陕北绥靖地区延长组长6_1油组为例

延长组长61油组是陕北绥靖地区主要目的层,研究陕北绥靖地区长61的沉积微相和砂体分布对于加快该区油气勘探与开发步伐具有重要意义。利用岩心、测井、录井、生产和分析化验资料,分析了长61油组的沉积相和测井相标志,研究区主要为三角洲(水下)分流河道和(水下)分流间湾等沉积微相,发育多条主河道,呈北东-南西向展布;砂体厚度8～20m,呈条带状分布,与沉积微相平面展布基本一致,河道砂体物性相对较好,是下一步勘探的重点区域。     

运用模糊排序研究露天矿区人工植被土壤主要化学成分的变化

该文应用模糊数学排序方法,对矿区样地土壤中主要化学成分和植被数据进行直接梯度分析,探讨矿区土壤环境与植被分布格局及植被动态的相互关系.结果表明通过FSO多因子排序分析,在时间梯度上,土壤中有机质、N、P、K和Zn的含量随着演替时间的增加而逐渐增高,结合双因子排序分析结果得出,土壤中有机质含量与植物的分布格局重要相关,N、P、K和Zn在土壤中的含量也随着复垦时间而发生变化.而土壤pH值、电导率及Cu、Mn的含量随时间的变化规律不十分明显,说明这几种化学成分不是影响植物分布与发展演变的主要因子.模糊数学排序与DCA、DCCA结合使用,可以直观地得出多个环境因子与植物群落之间的关系.     

西洞庭湖区森林景观格局的生态敏感度研究与评价

采用主成分和灰色关联度方法,分析了西洞庭湖区森林景观格局与景观生态敏感的相关性,建立了森林景观格局生态敏感度评价指标体系。结果表明：（1）景规生态系统内部结构的不稳定性和对外界干扰的敏感性反映,体现了景观的敏感性程度;（2）森林景观格局的生态敏感度通过景观类型、地貌、坡度、土层厚度、年龄结构、郁闭度等级、群落结构来反映;（3）从森林景观类型的格局生态敏感度来看,灌木林、阔叶树类、经济林类、竹类最高,中等为杉木类、松木类,最低为非林地类;从评价等级来看,除了非林地外,所有的森林景观类型都为3以上,说明了全部为中等敏感度以上,这也反映了森林对外部环境干扰的敏感程度;（4）从区域的生态敏感度来看,生态敏感度最高的区域为桃源县和汉寿县,其次是临澧县、澧县和津市市,低度敏感区为安乡县、武陵区和鼎城区。     

山·水·林——“98洪灾”后的反思

从“９８洪灾”中看出５０ａ来,长江的治理在策略上是有失误的。首先是长江治理战略思想上的失误,缺乏治理长江流域整体生态环境的系统思想。其次是具体措施上的失误,见水不见山,重水轻山;见水库不见湖泊,重修水库,轻保湖泊、库容;见堤坝不见河道,重筑堤堵水,轻疏导排障;投资重水利,轻林业。治江策略,首先要具有全流域生态环境治理的整体系统思想。对策略措施是“留”、“蓄”、“导”