商洛野生猴头菌资源分布特点的调查研究

依据商洛市森林的分布情况及地形、地势特点,采用线路调查和样地调查相结合的方法,调查了商南、丹凤、柞水、镇安等县天然林区的野生猴头菌天然分布情况.调查表明,商洛富产野生猴头菌,并主要分布在中山半阳坡的中部和上部,以栎类为建群树种,树龄在30 a以上.     

广西重点公益林水土保持效能监测与评价

以广西重点公益林为监测对象,采用地面监测法与调查监测法相结合,定期获取水土保持现状数据,构建广西重点公益林水土保持监测体系,掌握重点公益林水土流失现状及动态变化,对重点公益林水土保持效能进行分类监测和系统评价。结果表明:有林地水土保持效能明显优于无林地,间隔期内(2005-2006年)重点公益林资源质量稳步提高,水土流失面积和土壤侵蚀程度呈减少趋势,森林保育土壤能力进一步提高,生态效益和社会效益显著。     

花生叶部菌核病流行规律及生物防治初报

花生叶部菌核病[Rhizoctonia solanikühn]是近几年在我国发生的一种新病害,始发期为7月上旬,盛发期为7月下旬到8月上旬。以危害叶片为主,特别是新生嫩叶受害最重,发病后期造成花生大量落叶,一般年份减产10%~20%,严重时达30%以上。田间试验和室内抑菌测定结果表明:一种绿色木霉[Trichoderma.spp]生防菌LN-02对叶部菌核病具有防治作用,生防机制研究表明:生防菌LN-02主要通过重寄生作用抑制病原菌生长发育。     

The Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationships of Five Guangxi Pig Breeds and Three Exotic Pig Breeds by Analysis of mtDNA D-loop Sequences

In order to compare the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships between Guangxi pig breeds and three exotic pig breeds,one pair of primers was used to amplify 85 mtDNA D-loop sequences of five Guangxi pig breeds (Bama Xiang pig,Dongshan pig,Guizhong spotted pig,Luchuan pig,Huanjiang Xiang pig),and we downloaded 45 mtDNA D-loop sequences of three exotic pig breeds (Duroc,Yorkshire,Landrace) from GenBank.Then the haplotype,genetic diversity and phylogenetics analysis were carried out.The results showed that 38 haplotypes were identified in 130 sequences,and the mean distances among Guangxi pig breeds were smaller than that among Duroc,Landrace and Guangxi pig breeds.The NJ phylogenetic tree classified all samples into two clusters.One contained all of Guangxi pig breeds and partial Yorkshire,the other was composed wholly of exotic pig breeds,which mean there were two distinct maternal origins.In the cluster of Guangxi pig breeds,Luchuan pig were clustered,and the others were rather dispersive.It indicated that Luchuan pig had simple maternal bloods,and the other breeds had complex maternal bloods,and they had gene flow with each other.The maternal pig resources in Guangxi were not affected by the introduction of exotic pig breeds,and they were still suitable for use as a female parent in their development and utilization.     

广西普通野生稻渗入系耐低氮和氮素利用率的鉴定评价

以广西普通野生稻Y11为供体,籼型恢复系GH998为受体构建的166份野生稻渗入系BC₃F₅为研究对象,设置不施氮（LN）和正常施氮（NN）2种处理,调查株高、有效穗和穗长等12个表型性状,结合耐低氮（NDT）性状、氮素利用率（NUE）性状进行综合评价,以筛选出可利用的氮高效利用育种材料。结果表明：渗入系所有表型均值NN处理均高于LN处理,受施氮影响较大的性状为茎叶含氮量和谷物含氮量,增幅分别为56.89%和37.89%;影响较小的性状为穗长和千粒重,增幅分别为0.50%和2.76%;除穗长外,11个性状在2个施氮处理间呈极显著差异,而且穗总粒数、穗实粒数呈正态分布。渗入系NDT性状的相对生物产量（RBY）与相对生物含氮量（RBN）均值居于双亲之间,且RBN为正态分布;相对谷物产量（GRY）和相对谷物含氮量（RGN）均值高于双亲且趋近GH998,均为正态分布;说明渗入系的耐低氮能力与野生稻的高生物产量和高谷物含氮量特性相关。NUE性状均值处于双亲之间且趋近于GH998,说明氮素高效利用能力主要来源于栽培稻;NDT和NUE性状之间呈显著负相关,因此提高水稻耐低氮能力会降低氮高效利用率。NDT性状的主要影响因子是谷物含氮量和茎叶干重;NUE性状主要影响因子是有效穗、单株产量和谷物产量等。因此,依据研究结果对渗入系进行综合评价筛选,获得3个耐低氮、12个高氮素利用率和3个氮高效且耐低氮的株系,为水稻氮高效育种提供理论依据和育种材料。     

微生物农药常见术语及释义

本文参照FAO、WHO及国内有关微生物农药的准则和标准,并结合微生物分类、鉴定等方面的研究进展,归纳、总结了微生物农药常见的术语及释义,为科学认识微生物农药和推进产业规范化发展提供参考。     

金龟子绿僵菌黏附素基因mad1的敲除及功能分析

金龟子绿僵菌能够寄生昆虫,也能与植物共生。黏附素MAD1是绿僵菌与宿主互作初期的黏附因子。已知它在昆虫的侵染和致病中起重要作用,但与植物的互作机制报道甚少。为了研究MAD1在绿僵菌与植物共生中的作用,我们通过同源重组构建了金龟子绿僵菌mad1敲除株,并检测了敲除株的生长、产孢、孢子萌发及毒力等生物学特性,进一步利用qRT-PCR分析了MAD1在调节花生免疫响应中的作用。结果显示,与野生型菌株相比,敲除株产孢量降低了43.67%,分生孢子萌发中时为27.69 h,显著长于野生型菌株的13.43 h。敲除株对家蚕的半致死时间LT50为8.9 d,较野生型菌株的7.62 d显著延长。敲除株处理花生6 h后,花生免疫类基因CNGC1、PCD4,抗病基因SWEET10及转录因子WRKY41、MYB86的转录水平出现显著上调,而钙调素CML5、CML19的转录表达受到明显抑制。本研究证明了mad1是金龟子绿僵菌产孢、孢子萌发及毒力的正相关基因,并且MAD1在金龟子绿僵菌与植物相互作用初期,抑制植物抗性级联反应,减弱过敏反应,降低对微生物的抵御能力,同时增强共生信号的传导,这些作用有助于金龟子绿僵菌在花生根组织上定殖。     

Effects of GOLPH3 gene silencing mediated by lentivirus on proliferation,invasion and metastasis of human gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901

AIM：To investigate the effect of Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3) gene silencing on the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cell in vitro. METHODS：SGC-7901 cells were transfected with lentiviral vector carrying GOLPH3 shRNA to construct a stable GOLPH3-silencing cell line LV-GOLPH3-RNAi. The expression of GOLPH3 at mRNA and protein levelss were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT assay. Transwell migration and invasion experiments were performed to measure the migration and invasion abilities, respectively. RESULTS：The stable GOLPH3-silencing cell line was successfully established. The expression of GOLPH3 at mRNA and protein levels was reduced significantly (P<0.05), leading to the inhibition of cell proliferation in LV-GOLPH3-RNAi group compared with scrambled group and blank control group, as well as the capacities of migration (56.7±1.5 vs 186.0±3.4 and 183.3±4.2, P<0.05) and invasion (33.5±3.0 vs 85.0±3.9 and 83.1±4.4, P<0.05). CONCLUSION：GOLPH3 silencing suppresses the capacities of proliferation, migration and invasion of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells, suggesting that GOLPH3 may be a potential tumor marker and independent prognostic factor.     

油茶人工林土壤肥力及对树体生长的影响

对不同立地条件下油茶人工林的树高、地径及其土壤化学性质进行测定,并运用灰色关联分析方法探讨土壤化学性质对油茶高生长和地径生长的影响,综合评价油茶人工林土壤肥力状况。结果表明:9个样地中土壤肥力属于Ⅲ级(一般)的有5个,属于Ⅳ级(差)的有2个,属于Ⅴ级(极差)的有2个,说明9个油茶林地的土壤肥力普遍较低;而对油茶高生长影响最大的是土壤全K、全N和有效Zn,影响相对较小的是土壤有效P和交换性Ca;对油茶地径生长影响最大的是土壤有效Zn、全K和全N,影响相对较小的是土壤交换性Ca和pH值。     

油茶叶不同发育阶段营养元素含量的变化规律

为了解油茶叶（Camellia oleifera）不同发育阶段营养元素含量的变化规律,采集不同发育阶段的油茶叶并测定其营养元素含量,结果表明：油茶叶不同发育阶段均表现出氮最高,其次是钾元素,铜的含量最低;随着油茶叶生长,氮、磷、钾和铜元素含量大致呈先升后降的变化趋势,钙、铁、锰和硼则相反,锌则逐渐降低,而镁差异不大;油茶叶不同发育阶段营养元素总含量为23．39-53．53g／kg,前4个发育阶段油茶叶营养元素总含量差别不大,但到成熟期急剧下降;建议油茶营养调控中要注重各营养元素的含量和比例,特别是后期要注重钙、铁、锰和硼等元素的施用。