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91.
Pathogenicity of border disease virus FNK2012-1 strain isolated from a pig in
the natural host,sheep
Tomokazu TAMURA Junki MINE Shiho TORII Yuri FUJIMOTO Masatoshi OKAMATSU Yoshihiro SAKODA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2015,77(3):341-343
A first isolation of border disease virus (BDV) in Japan was from a pig on a farm without
keeping any ruminants. Our previous study showed that this BDV, termed the FNK2012-1
strain, replicated inefficiently in swine-derived cells compared with those of ruminant
origin. Pigs inoculated with this virus showed neither clinical symptoms nor viremia. In
this study, we evaluated the pathogenicity of the FNK2012-1 strain in sheep, its natural
host. The inoculated sheep showed clinical symptoms and transient viremia. Seroconversion
was observed in the inoculated sheep. These results suggest that the FNK2012-1 strain was
introduced from sheep and has not yet adapted to swine. Therefore, surveillance of border
disease in Japan is necessary among both the swine and ruminant populations. 相似文献
92.
Genya Watanabe Hiroyuki Kobayashi Masahiro Shibata Masatoshi Kubota Motoni Kadowaki Shinobu Fujimura 《Animal Science Journal》2015,86(4):435-442
Regulation of taste is important for improving meat quality and glutamate (Glu) is one of the important taste‐active components in meat. Here, the effects of dietary lysine (Lys) content on taste‐active components in meat, especially free Glu, were investigated. Fourteen‐day‐old broiler chicks (Gallus gallus) were fed on diets containing 100% or 150% of the recommended Lys content for 10 days. Concentrations of free amino acids in plasma, muscle and liver were measured. The levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for enzymes related to Glu metabolism were determined in muscle and liver. The concentration of muscle metabolites was also determined. The free Glu content in muscle of chicks fed the Lys150% diet was increased by 44.0% compared with that in chicks fed the Lys100% diet (P < 0.01). The mRNA level of lysine α‐ketoglutarate reductase, which is involved in Lys degradation and Glu production, was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the Lys150% group. Metabolome analysis showed that the Lys degradation products, muscular saccharopine, pipecolic acid and α‐aminoadipic acid, were increased in the Lys150% group. Our results suggest that free Glu content in muscle is regulated by Lys degradation. These results suggest that a short‐term feeding of high‐Lys diet could improve the taste of meat. 相似文献
93.
Kazuki Komatsu Tsugumi Iwasaki Kosuke Murata Hideaki Yamashiro Valerie Swee Ting Goh Ryo Nakayama Yohei Fujishima Takumi Ono Yasushi Kino Yoshinaka Simizu Atsushi Takahashi Hisashi Shinoda Kentaro Ariyoshi Kosuke Kasai Masatoshi Suzuki Maria Grazia Palmerini Manuel Belli Guido Macchiarelli Toshitaka Oka Manabu Fukumoto Mitsuaki A. Yoshida Akifumi Nakata Tomisato Miura 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2021,56(3):484-497
Since the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident, we have established an archive system of livestock and wild animals from the surrounding ex-evacuation zone. Wildlife within the alert zone have been exposed to low-dose-rate (LDR) radiation for a long continuous time. In this study, we analysed the morphological characteristics of the testes and in vitro fertilization (IVF) capacity of cryopreserved sperm of racoons from the ex-evacuation zone of the FDNPP accident. The radioactivity of caesium-137 (137Cs) was measured by gamma-ray spectrometry, and the measured radioactivity concentration was 300–6,630 Bq/kg in the Fukushima raccoons. Notably, normal spermatogenesis was observed in the seminiferous tubules of the testes, with the germinal epithelium composed of a spermatogenic cell lineage with no evident ultrastructural alterations; freeze-thawing sperm penetration ability was confirmed using the interspecific zona pellucida-free mouse oocytes IVF assays. This study revealed that the chronic and LDR radiation exposure associated with the FDNPP accident had no adverse effect on the reproductive characteristics and functions of male raccoons. 相似文献
94.
Lee DM Kiener HP Agarwal SK Noss EH Watts GF Chisaka O Takeichi M Brenner MB 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,315(5814):1006-1010
The normal synovium forms a membrane at the edges of joints and provides lubrication and nutrients for the cartilage. In rheumatoid arthritis, the synovium is the site of inflammation, and it participates in an organized tissue response that damages cartilage and bone. We identified cadherin-11 as essential for the development of the synovium. Cadherin-11-deficient mice have a hypoplastic synovial lining, display a disorganized synovial reaction to inflammation, and are resistant to inflammatory arthritis. Cadherin-11 therapeutics prevent and reduce arthritis in mouse models. Thus, synovial cadherin-11 determines the behavior of synovial cells in their proinflammatory and destructive tissue response in inflammatory arthritis. 相似文献
95.
Esmot ara Begum Motoki Bonno Makoto Obata Hatsumi Yamamoto Masatoshi Kawai Yoshihiro Komada 《Journal of circadian rhythms》2006,4(1):11-7
Background
Biological rhythmicity, particularly circadian rhythmicity, is considered to be a key mechanism in the maintenance of physiological function. Very little is known, however, about biological rhythmicity pattern in preterm and term neonates in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). In this study, we investigated whether term and preterm neonates admitted to NICU exhibit biological rhythmicity during the neonatal period. 相似文献96.
Kuhara A Okumura M Kimata T Tanizawa Y Takano R Kimura KD Inada H Matsumoto K Mori I 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,320(5877):803-807
Temperature is an unavoidable environmental cue that affects the metabolism and behavior of any creature on Earth, yet how animals perceive temperature is poorly understood. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans "memorizes" temperatures, and this stored information modifies its subsequent migration along a temperature gradient. We show that the olfactory neuron designated AWC senses temperature. Calcium imaging revealed that AWC responds to temperature changes and that response thresholds differ depending on the temperature to which the animal was previously exposed. In the mutant with impaired heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein)-mediated signaling, AWC was hyperresponsive to temperature, whereas the AIY interneuron (which is postsynaptic to AWC) was hyporesponsive to temperature. Thus, temperature sensation exhibits a robust influence on a neural circuit controlling a memory-regulated behavior. 相似文献
97.
Utiyama Masahiro Fukuyama Tsutomu Yamada Maruo Yasuko Ichino Toshihiro Izumi Katsuyuki Hara Hiroshi Takano Kenichi Suzuki Haruko Aoki Masatoshi 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2004,151(1-4):53-70
Concentrations of ozone and nitrogen oxides, together with air temperature and solar radiation intensity, were measured at several heights on a tower standing through the canopy of a red pine forest in summer and in autumn. In the summer observation, the diurnal variation patterns of ozone concentration both above and below the canopy were all similar and parallel to the solar radiation intensity. Using the data collected immediately above the canopy, deviation from the Leighton relationship and variations of concentration sums [O3] + [NO] and [NO2] + [NO] were examined, and as a result, it was supposedthat ozone was photochemically formed there in the daytime, probably because hydrocarbons emitted from pine trees broke the photostationary state among ozone and nitrogen oxides. The vertical temperature profile exhibited an inversion at the leaf-layer, which must have hindered vertical mixing of the air and made the trunk space more or less isolated from the upper atmosphere. These observations led to an idea that the similarity of the ozone variation pattern at every height was caused by the photochemical formation that proceeded simultaneously above and below the canopy rather than by vertical transport. Such situations of ozone formation were supported by observation of two maximums in the ozone vertical profile, one immediately above the canopy and another in the trunk space. Another feature of the ozone profile was a deep minimum in the leaf layer, which indicated ozone deposition onto leaf surfaces. This study thus revealed concurrence of ozone formation and deposition, and left two potentially important implications worthy of further investigation: (1) a forest is not always a sink but can be a source of ozone in sunlit conditions, and (2) deposition of ozone to trees can take place not only from outside but also from inside of a forest. In the autumn observation, however, the ozone formation was barely recognizable above the canopy and no longer found in the trunk space; in addition, the ozone concentration minimum in the leaf layer disappeared, suggesting that the deposition or removal was dependent on temperature. 相似文献
98.
桉树造林项目与社会关系的重要性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鉴于桉树在林业中的重要性及社会对桉树存在的认识误区,认为加强桉树相关方面的深入研究和交流十分必要。 相似文献
99.
We investigated the relationship between the crystal lattice strain and the piezoelectric response in Japanese cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl.) wood fibers subjected to tension stress in the fiber direction. As a result, the piezoelectric voltage was very sensitive to the mechanical behavior (deformation) of the wood crystalline regions obtained from the x-ray stress measurement. Thus, by investigating the behavior of piezoelectric voltage, it was possible to simply estimate the mechanical behavior of the crystalline regions in the wood. 相似文献
100.
Yi-Qiang Wu Kazuo Hayashi Yuan Liu Yingchun Cai Masatoshi Sugimori 《Journal of Wood Science》2006,52(3):187-194
To explore the influence of the basic density on collapse-type shrinkage properties and to quantify the relationships of the
main anatomical features with shrinkage and collapse properties, all above-mentioned parameters were determined and analyzed
for three species of collapse-susceptible eucalypts, Eucalyptus urophylla, Eucalyptus grandis, and E. urophylla × E. grandis, planted in South China. The correlation coefficients were also determined and the corresponding regression equations were
established with the anatomical parameters measured by using multiple linear regression. The results indicated that: (1) basic
density was strongly positively linearly related to both unit tangential shrinkage (r = 0.970) and unit radial shrinkage (r = 0.959), weakly positively related to total shrinkage (r = 0.656 and 0.640 for tangential and radial, respectively), and weakly negatively related to residual collapse (r = 0.632 and 0.616 for tangential and radial, respectively). (2) The main factors affecting unit shrinkage were cell wall
proportion (WP), microfibril angle (MFA), and double fiber cell wall thickness (DWT); factors playing an important role in
total shrinkage were WP, ray parenchyma proportion (RP), and MFA, while RP had the highest effect on residual collapse (r = 0.949 and 0.860 for tangential and radial, respectively). (3) All corresponding regression models obtained were very suitable
for the evaluation of relationships between the anatomical parameters and unit shrinkage, total shrinkage, and residual collapse,
as measured using a moisture content of 28% as the fiber saturation point for all specimens. 相似文献