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排序方式: 共有156条查询结果,搜索用时 426 毫秒
61.
Analysis of the relationship between luminescence and toxicity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vibrio carchariae</Emphasis> pathogenic to shrimp 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tatsuya?Nakayama Nakao?Nomura Masatoshi?MatsumuraEmail author 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(6):1236-1242
ABSTRACT: Aquaculture deterioration is caused by Vibrio harveyi , which is one of the main shrimp pathogens. Vibrio carchariae having the same phenotypic characteristics as V. harveyi was isolated from a shrimp farm and used in this study to investigate the relationship between luminescence and toxicity. Luminescence was verified by monitoring the expression of the LuxR gene. It was found that the relationship between the expression of LuxR and toxicity was the most significant factor related to luminescence. Results showed that LuxR expression was highest after 20 h of culture, which is comparable to the highest scintillation counter luminescence value (20 h). However, toxin levels in the culture broth were highest between 24 h-36 h of culture. Significant decrease in the toxicity level was observed after 36 h. It was also found that there was a decrease in toxicity level after 12 h of incubation at room temperature of the V. carchariae culture supernatant. The effect of the addition of cell-free culture supernatant on the luminescence of V. carchariae was also determined. Results showed that the addition of cell-free supernatant from 24 h-old culture was most effective in inducing and maintaining luminescence. 相似文献
62.
Bunji Yoshitomi Masatoshi Aoki Kazuhiko Hata 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2006,261(1):440-446
We studied partial replacement of fish meal (FM) by krill meal (KM) and how fluoride from KM enriched-muscles and bones of rainbow trout reared in freshwater affected these fish. Diets that replaced FM with KM at proportions of 0, 7, 15 and 30% (control, KM7, KM15, and KM30) were fed to groups of rainbow trout for 92 days and growth was observed. In fish fed KM7 and KM15, weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI) and specific growth rate (SGR) were unchanged compared with fish fed the control diet, but in fish fed KM30, WG, FI and SGR significantly decreased. After the experiment, fluoride concentration in dorsal muscles of each experimental group was below the detected limit (1 mg/kg), but in vertebral bones, the fluoride concentration increased with each increase in KM inclusion in the diets: 490 mg/kg (control), 755 mg/kg (KM7), 1100 mg/kg (KM15), and 2400 mg/kg (KM30). Tissue specimens of liver of each experimental group had no histopathological changes. Therefore, accumulation of fluoride in vertebral bones apparently adversely affected growth of the vertebral bones thus affecting the growth performance as shown by the decrease in WG, FI and SGR. 相似文献
63.
A mesoscale iron enrichment in the western subarctic Pacific induces a large centric diatom bloom 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Tsuda A Takeda S Saito H Nishioka J Nojiri Y Kudo I Kiyosawa H Shiomoto A Imai K Ono T Shimamoto A Tsumune D Yoshimura T Aono T Hinuma A Kinugasa M Suzuki K Sohrin Y Noiri Y Tani H Deguchi Y Tsurushima N Ogawa H Fukami K Kuma K Saino T 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5621):958-961
We have performed an in situ test of the iron limitation hypothesis in the subarctic North Pacific Ocean. A single enrichment of dissolved iron caused a large increase in phytoplankton standing stock and decreases in macronutrients and dissolved carbon dioxide. The dominant phytoplankton species shifted after the iron addition from pennate diatoms to a centric diatom, Chaetoceros debilis, that showed a very high growth rate, 2.6 doublings per day. We conclude that the bioavailability of iron regulates the magnitude of the phytoplankton biomass and the key phytoplankton species that determine the biogeochemical sensitivity to iron supply of high-nitrate, low-chlorophyll waters. 相似文献
64.
Miyuki KITAOKA Shuichi HIRAI Hayato TERAYAMA Munekazu NAITO Ning QU Naoyuki HATAYAMA Hidenobu MIYASO Yoshiharu MATSUNO Masatoshi KOMIYAMA Masahiro ITOH Chisato MORI 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2013,59(5):485-490
Exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) has been reported to induce
spermatogenic disturbance through oxidant stress and affect the immune system as an
adjuvant. However, the effect of DEHP on the testicular immune microenvironment has
not yet been investigated. In the present study, we examined the testicular immune
microenvironment after exposure to doses of DEHP, previously identified as
no-observed-adverse-effect levels. Adult male mice were administered food containing
0%, 0.01% or 0.1% DEHP and then testes were analyzed. The results showed that a
slight but significant spermatogenic disturbance appeared in the 0.1% DEHP group but
not in the 0.01% DEHP group at 8 weeks. It was also demonstrated that lymphocytes and
F4/80- and MHC class II- positive cells were significantly increased with the
elevation of IL-10 and IFN-γ mRNA expressions in the testes of not only the 0.1% DEHP
group but also the 0.01% DEHP group at 8 weeks. Histochemical analyses involving
horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a tracer showed that a little blood-borne HRP had
infiltrated into the lumen of a few seminiferous tubules beyond the
blood-testis-barrier in both the 0.1% and 0.01% DEHP groups at 8 weeks. This
indicates that a dose of DEHP that has little effects on spermatogenesis can change
the testicular immune microenvironment with functional damage of the blood-testis
barrier. 相似文献
65.
Yoshinori Hashizawa Masatoshi Kubota Motoni Kadowaki Shinobu Fujimura 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(11):732-736
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary vitamin E (VE) on broiler meat quality, especially focused on PSE (pale color, soft and exudative), under chronic heat stress (HS) conditions. Twenty‐eight‐day‐old female Ross broilers were kept in independent cages with a controlled temperature of 24°C (normal temperature: NT) or 30°C (high temperature: HT). The NT chickens were fed basal feed. The HT chickens were fed basal feed (HT) or VE (200 mg/kg) added feed (HT + E). Broilers were weighed and slaughtered at 38 days old. The breast muscle was removed immediately and then the samples were used for determination of meat color, pH, water holding capacity (WHC) and shear force value (SFV). Body weight gain and feed intake were significantly decreased in the HT and HT + E groups compared to the NT group. VE supplementation did not affect the growth performance. Chronic HS at 30°C for 10 days may cause deterioration of meat quality such as PSE. The effects of chronic HS on meat quality were most significant in the toughness of broiler breast meat. Supplementation of VE in broiler feed would be effective to prevent the extent of PSE on broiler meat by chronic HS. 相似文献
66.
The properties of the binderless boards of moso bamboo depending on the harvest seasons and the parts of the height were reported and the optimum harvesting conditions investigated. The binderless boards were prepared from the powdered bamboo harvested each month from June to May, and the parts in height. The hot water extract (HWE), lignin, α-cellulose, and hemicelluloses contents were examined. The board properties were evaluated with internal bonding (IB), water absorption (WA), and thickness swelling (TS). From the experiment, the boards prepared between March and October had higher HWE content and higher IB and lower WA and TS than the ones prepared in other months. The board from the top part showed lower IB and higher WA and TS than the bottom and the middle. The boards prepared from the residue after extraction of HWE showed lower IB than the unextracted samples. These results indicated that for producing board from bamboo, the suitable harvesting season is when HWE contents are higher and that the suitable parts in height for harvesting are the bottom and the middle where lignin contents are not low. 相似文献
67.
Tsunaki Andou Ayako Yamaguchi Shinji Kawano Kunimasa Kawabe Shigenori Ueda Masatoshi Onuki 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2010,76(4):287-291
In 2005, severe leaf curling and yellowing were observed on tomato plants on Ishigaki Island. Because the symptoms were consistent
with infection by a begomovirus, we used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with specific primers for begomovirus DNA-A and
DNA satellite component (DNA-β) and detected products of the expected sizes from symptomatic tomato plant samples. DNA sequence
analyses of the PCR products revealed that the symptomatic tomato plants were associated with Ageratum yellow vein virus (AYVV) infection. We confirmed AYVV transmission from the naturally infected weed host, Ageratum conyzoides, to healthy tomato plants by the insect vector Bemisia tabaci B biotype. This report is the first of AYVV occurrence in Japan. 相似文献
68.
Honghai Liu Lin Yang Yingchun Cai Masatoshi Sugimori Kazuo Hayashi 《Journal of Wood Science》2010,56(2):95-99
To improve the accuracy of the new in-process moisture content (MC) monitoring concept under radiofrequency/vacuum (RF/V)
drying, equilibrium moisture content (EMC) tests were carried out under various ambient pressures, and pressure curves in
wood were analyzed during chamber evacuation and heating phases. The results showed that EMC increased with a decrease in
ambient pressure regardless of temperature, relative humidity (RH), and species. The accuracy of MC estimation for Hinoki
under RF/V drying was improved from 1.5% maximum absolute errors to 0.6% after EMC modification. The pressure curves for Hinoki
and Sugi under RF/V drying showed similar tendencies to an idealized process. Russian larch showed different curves, indicating
that the pressure in the wood did not reach the ambient pressure because of its low permeability. Therefore, MC could not
be estimated using this monitoring concept because of the presence of much air in the wood of Russian larch. 相似文献
69.
Masatoshi Ban Hiroyuki Nagoya Shunpei Sato Hirohumi Yaegashi Masaki Ichimura Nobuhiro Sato 《Fisheries Science》2013,79(6):967-975
We evaluated the potential for hybridization between Atlantic salmon and salmonids currently present in Japan. We performed artificial and natural crosses and tested for hybridization using short interspersed elements. We documented the occurrence of hybrids and gynogenesis following artificial crossing. However, the survival rate of these offspring was low (<2 % to the fry stage). We were unable to obtain viable offspring from natural crosses of Atlantic salmon and chum salmon or masu salmon. Our results suggest that there is little risk of hybridization between Atlantic salmon and salmonids that are currently present in the wild in Japan. Furthermore, our results suggest that gynogenesis may occur naturally. 相似文献
70.
Sasaoka F Suzuki J Fujihara M Watanabe Y Nagai K Harasawa R 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2012,74(1):83-87
The intergenic spacer region between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes of mycoplasmas has been used for a genetic marker for identification of the species. Here we show the intergenic spacer regions of two hemotropic mycoplasmas, Mycoplasma haemofelis and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos (synonym: 'C. M. haemobovis')' are also useful for classification of this particular group of mycoplasms. The spacer region of M. haemofelis and `C. M. haemobos' consisted of 209 and 210 base pairs, respectively, and both lacked the spacer tRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis suggested a monophyletic relationship among hemoplasmas and M. fastidiosum. A hypothetical secondary structure predicted in the spacer regions tentatively assigned the boxA and boxB motifs peculiar to the members of the genus Mycoplasma. M. haemofelis and 'C. M. haemobos' possessed a stem-loop structure in common, despite the presence of a palindromic nucleotide substitution in the stem region. 相似文献