普通小麦品种小偃54中α/β-醇溶蛋白编码基因的克隆与序列分析

醇溶蛋白是小麦籽粒贮藏蛋白的重要组分,其组成与含量对小麦加工品质具有重要影响。本研究建立了利用PCR从普通小麦基因组BAC文库中筛选含有α/β-醇溶蛋白基因序列BAC克隆的方法,并获得9个不同的含有α/β-醇溶蛋白基因的BAC克隆。从其中鉴定出17个α/β-醇溶蛋白基因,其编码区序列长度为852~957 bp。12个序列在编码区内存在提前终止密码子,推测为假基因。其他5个成员(Gli-Xy54-1、Gli-Xy54-2、Gli-Xy54-3、Gli-Xy54-7和Gli-Xy54-13)分别编码291、310、311、287和317个氨基酸残基,都具有α/β-醇溶蛋白一级结构的典型特征。根据推导的氨基酸序列中乳糜泻病诱发因子的分布情况及多聚谷氨酰胺重复区的长度差异,推测Gli-Xy54-7可能定位于6A染色体,Gli-Xy54-2、Gli-Xy54-3和Gli-Xy54-13可能定位于6B染色体,Gli-Xy54-1可能定位于6D染色体。基因聚类分析支持了上述推论。这是第一次从普通小麦中筛选到包含α/β-醇溶蛋白基因的BAC克隆,并从中得到目标基因全长,对进一步研究普通小麦基因组中α/β-醇溶蛋白编码基因的组成、表达与功能有较好的参考价值。     

Surface discharge characteristics and gas generation law inoil-paper insulation of transformer

Based on a surface discharge model, partial discharge experiment in the simulation transformer tank is carried out to research the development characteristics and characteristic parameters’ variation law of surface discharge in transformer oil-paper insulation, and the variation characteristic of dissolved gases in oil in the discharge process is emphatically researched. The results show that the surface discharge value increases at the beginning stage of the discharge process, and reaches its maximum after 2~3 h, then it decreases gradually. As the development of partial discharge, the absolute generation speed of CO fluctuates around a certain value with small variation. While, the absolute generation speeds of H2 and CH4 increase first and then decrease, and the variation of discharge spectrum is highly similar to the variation of oil-dissolved gas’ absolute generation speed.     

Study of the Protective Effects in PEPC Transgenic Rice

The diurnal course of chlorophyll fluorescence parameter and active oxygen metabolism of flag leaves in PEPC transgenic and untransformed rice Kitaake were studied. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate under high light intensity has been increased by 50% and photoinhibition of photosynthesis in PEPC transgenic was alleviated after the introduction of PEPC gene from maize into rice. It was demonstrated that the increment of photosynthesis in PEPC transgenic was related to the introduction of PEPC gene using specific inhibitor of PEPC. Photoinhibition of photosynthesis in different genotypes exists at noon under natural condition. PEPC transgenic rice exhibited a less decrease in Fv/Fm, a less photoinhibition and a higher efficiency of light energy conversion to chemical energy and lower thermal energy dissipation.These results provided the physiological basis on the mechanism of tolerance to photoinhibition and rice breeding with high photosynthetic efficiency.     

新鲜和盐渍F21金针菇的主要成分测定

[目的]研究新鲜和盐渍F21金针菇主要成分的含量。[方法]选取F21金针菇的新鲜和盐渍品,用凯氏定氮法、索氏脂肪提取法等方法对其蛋白质、脂肪、多糖和磷元素进行了测定。[结果]F21金针菇新鲜干品和盐渍品的蛋白质的含量分别为21.63%、15.04%,脂肪含量分别为4.70%、7.94%,多糖含量分别为33.70%、45.28%,总磷含量分别为0.2837%、0.1591%。F21金针菇新鲜干品的蛋白质和磷元素含量均高于其盐渍品,分别高出30.46%、43.91%,而脂肪和多糖的含量则低于其盐渍品,分别减少68.93%、34.36%。[结论]盐渍金针菇是金针菇生产加工的有效途径。     

水稻籽粒直链淀粉含量非破坏性活体测定方法研究

对533份杂交稻和常规稻材料的糙米和精米直链淀粉含量进行化学分析,并结合近红外透射光谱数据,采用改进偏最小二乘法（MPLS）分别建立糙米、精米的直链淀粉含量（AC）预测定标模型,并对其进行内部和外部验证.结果表明,杂交稻糙米及精米模型的定标相关系数（RSQ）分别为0.873和0.922,常规稻糙米及精米模型的RSQ则分别为0.924和0.939,定标标准偏差（SEC）分别为1.100,0.956,1.537,1.547;内部交叉验证预测值和真实值之间的RSQ分别为0.866,0.901,0.892和0.921,外部验证的RSQ分别为0.9506,0.9352,0.9116,0.9180,所建模型的相关性较高,预测值与真实值之间的误差小.常规稻模型可应用于大量育种材料快速、无损的早代筛选,杂交稻模型可用于新组合直链淀粉含量的快速鉴定,促进稻米品质改良,提高育种效率.     

内蒙古正蓝旗天然草地资源及其评价

内蒙古正蓝旗地处锡林郭勒大草原，是我国的重点牧区之一。近几年，由于自然环境的破坏及人为超载过牧，使该区的草地资源质量明显下降。为了科学评价天然草地的合理利用和资源状况，本对正蓝旗天然草地资源进行了分析，并提出了今后开发利用草地资源的建议，为该地区的草地畜牧业生产发展提供了科学依据。     

玉米氮营养基因型差异与生产的关系

对玉米不同氮营养基因型根系特性、氮素吸收与利用效率的差异及营养生理基础,筛选指标进行了介绍。     

吉林农业大学水稻育种的成就、进展与前景

回顾了吉林农业大学水稻育种的发展历程,水稻育种成就及进展。提出了“十五”期间水稻优质育种和超高产育种的发展战略,使吉林农业大学水稻优质育种和超高育种向以有性杂交及“籼粳架桥”为主、现代生物技术为辅的育种新目标发展。     

Distribution of Leaf Color and Nitrogen Nutrition Diagnosis in Rice Plant

Greenness and nitrogen content of each leaf on main stem of different japonica and indica ricevarieties under different nitrogen levels were investigated. Results showed that the fourth leaf from the top ex-hibited active changes with the change of plant nitrogen status. When the plant nitrogen content was low, itscolor and nitrogen content were obviously lower than those of the three top leaves. With the increase of plantnitrogen content, the color and nitrogen content of the fourth leaf increased quickly, and the differences ofcolor and nitrogen content between the fourth leaf and the three top leaves decreased. So, the fourth leaf wasan ideal indication of plant nutrition status. In addition, color difference between the fourth and the third leaffrom the top was highly related to the plant nitrogen content regardless of the variety and development stage.Therefore, color difference between the fourth and the third leaf could be widely used for diagnosis of plantnutrition. Results also indicated that the minimized color difference between the fourth and the third leaf at the criticaleffective tillering, the emergence of the second leaf from the top, and the heading was the symbol of high yield. Plantnitrogen content of 27 g kg-1 DW for japonica rice and 25 g kg-1 DW for indica were the critical nitrogen concentrations.     

一氧化氮供体对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗叶片脂质过氧化的调节

以100mmol·L-1NaCl作为盐胁迫条件,研究不同浓度的外源一氧化氮供体硝普钠(sodiumnitroprusside,SNP)处理5d对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗叶片脂质过氧化的影响。结果表明,低浓度SNP(10μmol·L-1)可以在处理后期(第4～5天)显著地缓解盐胁迫对水稻幼苗叶片造成的氧化损伤,并与其对过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)等H2O2清除酶活性以及脯氨酸含量的上调作用一致。此外,较高浓度的SNP处理(50μmol·L-1)也具有在一定程度上缓解脂质过氧化的作用。