Vaccination with a genotype 1 modified live vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus significantly reduces viremia,viral shedding and transmission of the virus in a quasi-natural experimental model

The present study assessed the efficacy of vaccination against genotype 1 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in terms of reduction of the transmission. Ninety-eight 3-week-old piglets were divided in two groups: V (n = 40) and NV (n = 58) that were housed separately. V animals were vaccinated with a commercial genotype 1 PRRSV vaccine while NV were kept as controls. On day 35 post-vaccination, 14 NV pigs were separated and inoculated intranasally with 2 ml of a heterologous genotype 1 PRRSV isolate (“seeder” pigs, SP). The other V and NV animals were distributed in groups of 5 pigs each. Two days later, one SP was introduced into each pen to expose V and NV to PRRSV. Sentinel pigs were allocated in adjacent pens. Follow-up was of 21 days. All NV (30/30) became viremic after contact with SP while only 53% of V pigs were detected so (21/40, p < 0.05). Vaccination shortened viremia (12.2 ± 4 versus 3.7 ± 3.4 days in NV and V pigs, respectively, p < 0.01). The 50% survival time for becoming infected (Kaplan–Meier) for V was 21 days (CI_95% = 14.1–27.9) compared to 7 days (CI_95% = 5.2–8.7) for NV animals (p < 0.01). These differences were reflected in the R value as well: 2.78 (CI_95% = 2.13–3.43) for NV and 0.53 (CI_95% = 0.19–0.76) for V pigs (p < 0.05). All sentinel pigs (10/10) in pens adjacent to NV + SP pens got infected compared to 1/4 sentinel pigs allocated contiguous to a V + SP pen. These data show that vaccination of piglets significantly decrease parameters related to PRRSV transmission.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)抗体水平检测与分析

为探讨PRRS免疫猪场和非免疫猪场抗体水平差异,采集福建各地区64个不同规模猪场血清样本1 742份,其中免疫猪场40个共1 059份血清,非免疫猪场24个共683份血清；采用美国IDEXX公司PRRS病毒抗体ELISA试剂盒进行检测,分析其抗体阳性率、CV值及S/P区间分布值.结果显示:免疫猪场抗体阳性883份,阳性...     

高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病(HP-PRRS)的研究近况

近年来我国学者对高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(HP-PRRS)做了大量调查研究,结果表明HP-PRRSV在我国已是长期带毒、持续流行状态,给我国养猪业带来巨大的经济损失。文章对该病的病原及生物学特性、流行特点、临床表现、病理变化和治疗等方面的研究进展进行了综述。     

猪细环病毒1型感染与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的相关性分析

[目的]分析猪细环病毒1型(TTSuVl)感染与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PPRS)的发生是否存在相关性.[方法]采集40头临床疑似PRRS病猪血清和40头同群健康猪血清,确认PRRS病猪与猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PPRSV)亚临床感染猪,用荧光定量PCR方法检测TTSuV1和PRRSV载量,进行差异比较和相关性分析.[结果]常规PCR结合荧光定量PCR检测确认有31头PRRS病猪和27头PPRSV亚临床感染猪,前者PRRSV载量极显著(P＜0.01)高于后者;虽然PRRS病猪的TTSuV1载量高于PRRSV亚临床感染猪,但其差异不显著.PRRSV感染猪的血清中的TTSuV1载量与PRRSV载量之间无显著(P＞0.05)相关性.[结论]TTSuV1感染与PRRS发生之间可能没有相关性.     

猪瘟、猪口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗有效免疫试验初探

为推广猪瘟、猪口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病3种疫苗有效免疫,在前期开展"猪瘟疫苗(脾淋源)、猪O型口蹄疫疫苗和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗有效免疫试验"确定新的免疫程序基础上进行扩大试验,进一步验证猪瘟疫苗1头份免疫剂量足以产生可靠的免疫保护;先免疫接种猪瘟疫苗,1周后免疫接种口蹄疫和高致病性猪蓝耳病疫苗,二者有明显的协同促进作用,适宜在农村散户中使用;3种疫苗同时分点注射,相互之间干扰较大,猪瘟病毒抗体产生时间推迟,不宜推广使用。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征核酸疫苗研究进展

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)是威胁世界养猪业的最主要的疾病之一,每年都给养猪业带来巨大的经济损失。目前,世界上还没有对PRRS确实有效的防控措施,免疫预防是防控的主要手段。基因工程疫苗是现在疫苗研究的重点,特别是核酸疫苗不仅能引起体液免疫和激发较强的细胞免疫,而且其生产工艺简单,稳定性好,成本低,便于贮藏,不具有感染性,不会出现毒力返强等安全问题。现在对PRRS核酸疫苗的研究已初具成效,现就核酸疫苗的研究进展进行综述。     

广西部分地区猪群主要疫病免疫抗体监测和免疫效果分析

从广西5个地市33家养殖场随机采集免疫过猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(PRRS)、猪瘟(CSF)、猪伪狂犬病(PR)疫苗的血清样品393份,使用免疫胶体金方法对样品的抗体水平进行检测。结果显示,不同养殖规模的猪场抗体阳性率总体较高的是猪瘟,达75.06%;其次是猪伪狂犬病,为71.25%;而猪繁殖与呼吸综合征抗体最低,仅为42.24%。各种病原抗体在不同规模的猪场有较大的差别,规模猪场的猪群某些疫病的抗体未必比散养猪群高。通过对不同类型的疫苗所产生的抗体水平进行比较,结果发现,使用猪繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活苗和弱毒苗、猪瘟脾淋苗和细胞苗、猪伪狂犬病国产苗和进口苗免疫所产生的抗体水平没有明显差异。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征母源抗体和免疫抗体的消长规律研究

为制定科学的免疫程序,从根本上控制猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的发生,用ELISA诊断试剂盒分别对母猪、仔猪进行了母源抗体和免疫抗体检测。试验证明母猪在配种前15 d首免,怀孕2个月时二免,在下一次配种前15 d再免,如此按生产周期免疫可以抵抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的感染。在母猪产前1个月免疫猪繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗,所产仔猪母源抗体60日龄时为阴性,故45日龄左右对仔猪进行首免最佳,为确定仔猪首免日龄提供了理论依据。对40日龄仔猪免疫猪繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗后,仔猪58日龄时抗体S/P平均值最高,到160日龄育肥猪时抗体S/P平均值为阴性,这时不能抵抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的感染。对40日龄仔猪肌肉注射2 mL猪繁殖与呼吸综合征灭活疫苗,70日龄同剂量二免,85日龄时抗体S/P值平均值最高,到180日龄育肥猪时抗体S/P平均值仍为阳性,还能抵抗猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的感染,如果作为肉猪可以安全上市;作为后备母猪,在配种前进行免疫即可。非免疫母猪、仔猪对照组抗体均为阴性。通过试验基本上查明了猪繁殖与呼吸综合征母源抗体和免疫抗体的消长规律,为以后制定免疫程序提供了理论依据。     

Comparative evaluation of PRRS virus infection in vaccinated and naïve pigs

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the time-course of the immune response to a field Porcine Respiratory and Reproductive Syndrome virus (PRRSV) strain in PRRS-naïve, untreated pigs, as well as in four groups of age and breed-matched pigs injected with a live attenuated PRRS vaccine, its adjuvant, an inactivated PRRS vaccine and an irrelevant, inactivated Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccine, respectively. PRRSV infection was confirmed in all groups by PCR and antibody assays. The antibody response measured by ELISA took place earlier in pigs injected with the live attenuated vaccine, which also developed a much stronger serum-neutralizing antibody response to the vaccine strain. Yet, no clear protection was evidenced in terms of viremia against the field virus strain, which showed 11.1% nucleotide divergence in ORF7 from the vaccine strain. In vitro, the interferon (IFN)-γ response to PRRSV was almost absent on PVD 60 in all groups under study, whereas the prevalence of interleukin (IL)-10 responses to PRRSV was fairly high in PCV2-vaccinated animals, only. Results indicate that distinct patterns of immune response to a field PRRSV strain can be recognized in PRRS-vaccinated and naïve pigs, which probably underlies fundamental differences in the development and differentiation of PRRSV-specific immune effector cells.     

2010年上半年11省市规模猪场疫病监测与剖析

为了解近期发病猪场几种病毒性疫病的流行状况,采用RT-PCR和PCR方法,对2010年1月至6月期间,来自11省(市) 50个猪场共147份病料进行猪瘟病毒（CSFV）、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）、高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（HP-PRRSV）、伪狂犬病毒（PRV）和猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）检测,并采用ELISA方法对其中26个猪场458份血清样品进行伪狂犬gE野毒抗体检测。结果表明,PCV2阳性率最高,为75.3%（70/93）;PRRSV阳性率次之,为57.4%（78/136）,HP-PRRSV阳性率为43.5%（54/124）;CSFV和PRV的阳性率分别为37.7%（52/138）和21.0%（21/100）;伪狂犬gE野毒抗体阳性率为16.4%（75/458）。同时检出2种及2种以上病毒的样品占46.9%（69/147）,其中以HP-PRRSV+PCV2、CSFV+PCV2及CSFV+HP-PRRSV+PCV2三种形式最为常见。PRRSV（50.0%）是猪场繁殖障碍性疾病中的最常见病原;CSFV（56.0%）和PCV2（48.0%）是断奶前后仔猪腹泻的常见病原;HP-PRRSV（53.5%）、CSFV（50.7%）和PCV2（48.0%）是保育猪发生高热症的常见病原。该检测结果为猪场疫病的诊断与防控提供了参考。