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排序方式: 共有228条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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I. Opatovsky M. Elbaz I. Dori L. Avraham S. Mordechai-Lebiush A. Dombrovsky L. Tsror 《Plant pathology》2019,68(4):790-795
One of the economically important diseases of lettuce is lettuce big-vein disease (LBVD), which leads to severe yield losses. LBVD is associated with a complex of two viruses, Lettuce big-vein associated virus (LBVaV) and Mirafiori lettuce big-vein virus (MLBVV). These viruses are transmitted by motile zoospores of Olpidium spp. fungi, which persist in the soil for decades through resting spores. In greenhouse and field experiments, this study tested whether changing plant and soil temperatures together with fungicide application would have a significant effect on controlling LBVD in lettuce. Soil fumigation with metam sodium was not effective at controlling the disease, as opposed to treatment with chloropicrin and methyl bromide. Moreover, the fungicides carbendazim and fluazinam were effective in reducing the incidence of Olpidium virulentus. Nevertheless, control of the fungal vector did not seem to be sufficient to control the disease due to the transition ability of the virus under low vector abundance. Crop covers, which affect the favourable environmental conditions for the viruses by lowering soil temperature and raising air temperature, reduced the disease symptoms. Combining fungicides with crop cover had a synergistic effect on reducing disease symptoms, thus providing a sustainable solution for LBVD. 相似文献
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Yigal Elad 《Phytoparasitica》1991,19(3):201-209
Difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) — an inhibitor of polyamine biosynthesis, and the polyamine spermidine (Spd) reduced gray mold
of tomato, pepper, eggplant, bean andSenecio sp. leaves, and of rose petals by 37–88% when applied at 0.1–1.0 mM each. Higher doses did not result in better control.
The disease was also reduced significantly on tomato fruits by 1.0 inM DFMO and by 0.1–1.0 mM Spd, and on cucumber fruits
by 0.1–1.0 mM of both compounds, but not on grape berries. The combination of 0.2 mM DFMO with 1.0 mM Spd controlled gray
mold ofSenecio sp. and tomato leaves additively better than either treatment alone, whereas this effect was not observed in leaves of lettuce
and pepper. Ethylene production was reduced significantly by Spd applied to leaves of tomato and pepper, but not by DFMO.
Linear growth and germination of the fungus were affected by lower concentrations of DFMO (ED50 0.12–0.97 and 1.4, respectively)
as compared with Spd. Spermidine and DFMO controlled white mold(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum) as effectively as did the fungicide benomyl.
Contribution from the Agricultural Research Organization. No. 3195-E, 1991 series. 相似文献
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对来自广东和海南等不同果园的芒果炭疽病菌进行了对多菌灵的抗性测定.结果表明,敏感菌株的最小抑制浓度(MIC)为0.110μg/mL,而抗性菌株在多菌灵500μg/mL下仍生长良好.抗性菌株经继代培养10代后抗性几乎不变,说明其抗性稳定.对抗、感菌株的生物学特性进行测定,然后以产孢量和致病力分别用MIC做简单相关性分析,证明病菌的生物学特性、产孢量、致病力与抗药性无关,因此可以认为病菌对多菌灵的抗药性突变并不影响其正常的生理功能.抗性菌株对甲基硫菌灵、苯菌灵、噻菌灵表现正交互抗性,而对乙霉威和咪鲜胺敏感.病菌在含药培养基上测定的敏感性与在经多菌灵处理过的离体果实上的敏感性有较好的对应关系,可用于大田抗药性的初步检测. 相似文献
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禾谷镰孢菌对多菌灵的敏感性基线及抗药性菌株生物学性质研究 总被引:48,自引:5,他引:48
引起小麦赤霉病的禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum)在华东地区对多菌灵已出现了高水平抗药性。本文报道了F.graminearum对多菌灵的敏感性基线及其抗药性菌株生物学特性。离体条件下多菌灵对100个野生敏感型菌株的平均EC50和MIC值分别为0.5748±0.0133 μg/ml和 < 1.4μg/ml。而对50个抗药性菌株的平均EC50和MIC值则分别为9.2375μg/ml和 > 100 μg/ml。在麦穗上多菌灵对50个敏感菌株和抗药性菌株防效的平均EC50分别为282.6 μg/ml和 > 2 000μg/ml。从田间获得的抗多菌灵菌株对苯菌灵、噻菌灵、甲基托布津表现交互抗药性,但不同于室内突变菌株,对乙霉威不表现负交互抗药性。抗药性菌株的无性和有性繁殖后代以及在无药培养基上菌丝体转代培养后,抗药水平保持不变。抗药性菌株的菌丝生长速率、产孢能力及致病力等与敏感菌株相比没有差异。 相似文献
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为明确多菌灵质量浓度与蚯蚓体内乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)和羧酸酯酶(CarE)3种解毒酶活性之间的剂量效应关系,为多菌灵的安全使用及对相关动物的毒害研究提供参考,利用赤峰周边地区蔬菜大棚的蚯蚓,进行多菌灵0.75 g/L、1.00 g/L、1.25 g/L、1.50 g/L、1.75 g/L 和2.00 g/L 6个质量浓度对蚯蚓体内3种解毒酶活性的影响试验。结果表明:与对照组(蒸馏水)相比,多菌灵对蚯蚓体内的乙酰胆碱酯酶整体起抑制作用,在多菌灵浓度为1.75 g/L 时酶活性最低,为105.625μmol/L;对谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶整体起诱导促进作用,在多菌灵浓度为1.00 g/L 时酶活性最高,为17.343μmol/L;对羧酸酯酶活性,在多菌灵浓度小于1.25 g/L 时表现为诱导促进作用,大于1.25 g/L 时表现为抑制作用。 相似文献
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