施氮与株丛切割对退化新麦草草地的改良效果

本文研究了施氮肥和株丛切割对退化新麦草人草地生产性能的影响，结果表明，施氮肥和株丛切割提高了新麦草草地生产性能和生产力。此外，施氮肥可改善牧草品质及土壤牮氮能力。株丛切割和施氮肥（１２０ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２）相结合与单施氮肥相比，成本较低，对退化新麦草草地的改良效果良好，年均产草量２６７９．５ｋｇＤＭ／ｈｍ＾２。     

俄罗斯细毛羊毛肉兼用型品种的选育方法及生产性能

介绍了俄罗斯 7个细毛羊毛肉兼用型品种的选育方法及生产性能。     

十八世纪俄罗斯园林与中国园林比较研究

中俄园林由于中俄文化的结构、形态,或是文化形成的哲学基础、思想观念的不同而形成了两大不同的类型,但是,它们都是世界园林文化的一部分,同属于世界园林艺术.本研究拟用比较的方法对中俄古典园林艺术、特别是中国明清园林与俄罗斯十八世纪古典园林进行研究,目的是促使园林工作者了解双方的优良传统和存在问题,借鉴俄罗斯园林的长处,为我国园林事业的繁荣和发展做出新的贡献.     

老芒麦幼穗的分化过程

在河北省承德市鱼儿山牧场中国农业大学科技攻关实验站 ,以生长二年的老芒麦为试验材料 ,研究不同生长时期老芒麦植株幼穗的分化规律。试验结果表明 ,老芒麦幼穗分化过程中茎尖生长锥出现一系列的形态变化 ,并根据分化的特征将其分为初生期、伸长期、结节期、二棱期、小穗突起期、颖片突起期、小花突起期和雌雄蕊形成期 8个时期     

俄罗斯风味红枣枸杞酸奶的研制

目的 以鲜牛乳、红枣、枸杞为主要原料,利用俄罗斯生产的特色菌种进行发酵,探究俄罗斯风味红枣枸杞酸奶的加工工艺。方法 以感官评分和乳清析出率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上,采用正交试验确定混合汁添加量、白砂糖添加量、接种量、发酵温度和发酵时间。结果 俄罗斯风味红枣枸杞酸奶的最佳加工工艺为混合汁20%,白砂糖3%,接种量3%,发酵温度42 ℃,发酵时间4 h。结论 制得的产品呈红褐色,口感软滑,酸甜可口,质地均匀。     

新时期中俄林业合作的对策探讨

在世界经济全球化、一体化发展的新时期,世界林业呈现出新的特点。本文拟从世界林业发展趋势及中俄林业现状着手,着重分析中俄林业合作的基础、合作形式,提出加强新时期中俄林业合作的对策建议。     

施肥处理对老芒麦种子质量和产量的影响

在河北省坝上地区鱼儿出牧场中国农业大学科技攻关实验站内，以种植2种和3年的老芒麦为试验材料，通过施肥处理（尿素130kg/hm^2＋磷酸二铵70kg/hm^2），研究测定种子产量和质量的变化。试验结果表明：施肥可以提高不同种植年限老芒麦种子产量，但对老芒麦种子质量的影响不一致，可明显提高种植第3年的种子质量，在种子活力测定中，加速老化测定、脱氢酶活性和酸性磷酸酯酶活性测定能较好地反映施肥对种子质量的影响，而活力指数、电导率值和浸种液含糖量测定结果变化不大，无法表现种子质量的变化。     

Inheritance and allelic relationships of resistances to the Russian wheat aphid in two Iranian wheat lines

Russian wheat aphid (RWA), Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov), is a serious pest of small grains in many countries. A previous study screened 70 genotypes, collected from different parts of Iran, for RWA resistance. Four crosses were made between two resistant lines (Shz.W-102 and Shz.W-104) and two susceptible lines (Shz.W-101 and Shz.W-103). Parents, F₁, F₂, and BCF₁ seedlings were screened for RWA resistance in the greenhouse by artificial infection. To determine allelism, the two resistant lines were intercrossed and F₁, and F₂ seedlings were evaluated. Resistance in Shz.W-102 and Shz.W-104, when crossed with Shz.W-101, was controlled by one dominant gene. However, resistance in Shz.W-102 and Shz.W-104, when crossed with Shz.W-103, was controlled by two dominant genes. Genes in two resistant lines segregated independently of each other. A three-gene system was proposed to govern resistance in the lines under study . This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Intergeneric hybrids and an amphiploid between Elymus canadensis and Psathyrostachys juncea

Summary Fifty four hybrid plants between Elymus canadensis and Psathyrostachys juncea were obtained by handpollination and embryo culture. The average cross compatibility between both species was 31.2 percent. One amphiploid plant was induced by colchicine treatment. The hybrid and amphiploid plants resembled P. juncea in appearance but showed a higher plant height and dry matter yield than the parents. The hybrids showed extremely low pollen stainability and were completely sterile. With the exception of one plant (2n=3x+1=22), all hybrid plants were allotriploids (SHN, 2n=3x=21). The amphiploid plant (SSHHNN, 2n=6x=42) showed 58.9% pollen stainability and 11.6% seed fertility.Mean chromosome associations of the hybrids and amphiploid at metaphase I were 0.02IV+0.06III+2.03II+16.91I and 0.07III+18.00II+5.85I, respectively. Lagging chromosomes, chromosome bridges, abnormal cytokinesis, and micronuclei were occasionally observed at the anaphase, telophase, or tetrad stage.     

俄罗斯小麦籽粒硬度及puroindoline基因等位变异的分布

小麦籽粒硬度是重要的品质性状之一,对小麦加工品质具有重要影响.为了合理引进种质资源,培育高品质小麦品种,本研究利用小麦硬度指数测定仪JYDB100×40对引进俄罗斯小麦品种的籽粒硬度进行检测,利用STS标记和变温PCR对控制籽粒硬度基因puroindoline的主要等位变异进行分析.结果显示:208个俄罗斯引进小麦品种硬度指数范围为45.6 ～79.2,硬质麦品种为190个(91.35％),混合麦品种为18个(8.65％).Pina基因有Pina-D1a、Pina-D1b和杂合Pina-D1a/ Pina-D1b共3种类型,所占比例分别为87.02％、10.10％和2.88％.Pinb基因有Pinb-D1a、Pina-D1b、Pinb-D1c和双位点突变Pinb-D1bc 4种类型,所占比例分别为37.02％、55.77％、3.85％和3.37％.统计结果显示:携带Pina-D1b+Pinb-D1a基因小麦籽粒硬度指数显著大于Pina-D1a+Pinb-D1b,Pina-D1a+Pinb-D1a和Pina-D1a+Pinb-D1bc.其他puroindoline等位变异之间没有显著差异.俄罗斯硬质麦种质资源丰富,是改善我国小麦籽粒硬度和品质的重要遗传材料.