Long-term variation in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., stocking success in a large lake: interplay between availability of suitable prey and size at release

Abstract –  Factors affecting long-term variation in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., stocking success were examined in a large lake, Lake Oulujärvi, in central Finland. Brown trout were stocked in spring (late May to early June) in 1974–1991 and in summer (late June to early July) in 1992–2001. The biomass of the vendace, Coregonus albula (L.), population (prey) at release time had the largest positive effect on stocking success within both periods: biomass of adult vendace in spring and both 0+ and adult vendace in summer. Increasing the size of stocked fish had a positive effect if the vendace available at release were only adults. The increasing trend of predator-catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) [combined CPUE of northern pike Esox lucius L., burbot Lota lota (L.), and pike-perch Stizostedion lucioperca (L.)] through the study period and its negative effect on trout stocking success suggested an increasing effect of predation within the entire time series.     

苦瓜MAP30基因的克隆与载体构建

首先提取苦瓜的基因组DNA,然后根据Genbank中已公开发表的MAP30序列,设计一对特异引物MAP301,MAP302,并增添特异定位于内质网的小肽Kozak序列。采用PCR技术,从苦瓜的基因组DNA中扩增出一分子量为800bp左右的片段,回收克隆测序,结果表明,克隆获得片段与已公开发表的MAP30序列同源性达100%,将阳性克隆进行酶切,获得的目标片段与用同样酶切所获得的植物表达载体pEV1和pEV2大片段连接,酶切鉴定重组子构建成特异表达于果实的载体。     

机械设备故障诊断用便携式数据采集分析系统

设计了一套应用于机械设备故障诊断的便携式数据采集分析系统。系统整体采用主从结构:上位机软件基于Labview,主要实现路径、数据、通讯等的管理以及数据分析;下位机实现采集、分析。下位机的硬件层核心采用片上系统(SoC)芯片;操作系统层移植了自行研发的实时操作系统(RTOS):TDNC-OS,给出了任务划分;应用软件层引入了缓冲区操作机制;通讯层主要由UART模块组成。实例表明系统具有很好的实时性和可靠性。     

莱姆病螺旋体感染对蜱的4个功能基因的转录影响

为探索蜱及蜱传病的防控新策略,了解病原与媒介硬蜱相互作用的分子机制,本研究以莱姆病病原伯氏疏螺旋体感染后对长角血蜱4个功能基因的转录影响进行了研究。将不同浓度梯度的伯氏疏螺旋体显微注射到长角血蜱体内,分不同的时间段提取蜱的总RNA,反转录成cDNA后,用实时荧光定量PCR检测蜱基因的表达水平。结果显示:伯氏疏螺旋体感染对蜱半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂1(HLcyst-1)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂3(HLcyst-3)、卵泡抑素(FRP)、凝血酶抑制剂(Hemalin)4个功能基因的转录均产生了显著影响,但存在时间和剂量相关性,感染后第4天显著诱导了长角血蜱HLcyst-1基因的表达,抑制了Hemalin基因表达。     

用PCR检测副溶血性弧菌耐热溶血素基因

根据副溶血性弧菌的耐热溶血素基因（ｔｄｈ）设计了２对引物，经聚合酶链式反应（ＰＣＲ）检测，所有１８株神奈川试验阳性副溶血性弧菌均呈阳性反应，而６株神奈川试验阴性副溶血性弧菌呈阴性反应，其他９种（３４株）弧菌和８株其他革兰氏阴性菌也呈阴性反应。检测敏感性可达２ＣＦＵ的副溶血性弧菌。     

应用滤波方法提高高山松地上生物量遥感估测精度的研究

基于1987年、1992年、1997年、2002年、2007年、2012年分布在香格里拉市的34个高山松固定样地数据,以及Landsat时间序列数据集,利用谷歌地球引擎和Python,通过3种滤波算法对时间序列数据进行重构,应用随机森林算法对森林地上生物量进行估测,根据模型评价指标对重构前后时间序列数据的估测效果进行分析。结果表明：采用3种不同滤波方法重构的时间序列数据训练的非参数模型,其拟合精度和预测精度均高于滤波前时间序列的预测精度,整体均方根误差和相对均方根误差指标均优于滤波前数据,其中ARMIA方法最佳。应用滤波方法在一定程度消除了影像自身所携带的大量噪声和不确定性,有效地提高了数据质量,提高了高山松地上生物量遥感估测的精度。     

Campylobacter monitoring in German broiler flocks: an explorative time series analysis

Campylobacter, a major zoonotic pathogen, displays seasonality in poultry and in humans. In order to identify temporal patterns in the prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in a voluntary monitoring programme in broiler flocks in Germany and in the reported human incidence, time series methods were used. The data originated between May 2004 and June 2007. By the use of seasonal decomposition, autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions, it could be shown that an annual seasonality is present. However, the peak month differs between sample submission, prevalence in broilers and human incidence. Strikingly, the peak in human campylobacterioses preceded the peak in broiler prevalence in Lower Saxony rather than occurring after it. Significant cross-correlations between monthly temperature and prevalence in broilers as well as between human incidence, monthly temperature, rainfall and wind-force were identified. The results highlight the necessity to quantify the transmission of Campylobacter from broiler to humans and to include climatic factors in order to gain further insight into the epidemiology of this zoonotic disease.