不同含水量菜豆种子老化过程中生理特性的研究

 对不同含水量的菜豆种子( 2.1%、3.4%、3.8%、6.9%和9.0% ) 老化过程中的生理特性进行了研究。结果表明, 菜豆种子在含水量为318%时, 发芽率, 保护酶系统( SOD、POD和CAT) 活性和脱氢酶活性明显高于其它含水量的种子, 而脂氧合酶(LOX) 活性和丙二醛(MDA) 含量显著低于其它含水量的种子, 表现出较高的生活力。此结果表明适度降低菜豆种子的含水量可以提高其抗老化劣变能力;不同生活力的菜豆种子POD同工酶酶谱表现不同, 而SDS2PAGE蛋白质谱带则基本相同。     

Cloning of p15INK4b related gene CCRG and expression analysis in the renal carcinoma

AIM and METHODS:To analysis the factor that involved in renal carcinogenesis, we used the bait gene AK001518 to screen GenBank. To understand the relationship between cell cycle related gene(CCRG) and p15, we did RT-PCR and Northern Blot experiments. Then we examined CCRG expression level in renal carcinogenesis. RESULTS:Gained a function unknown gene CCRG that was 67% a mino acid identical with the gene AK001518 that was regulated by p15. It was shown that the CCRG mRNA was dramatically decreased when p15 gene was over-expressed. CCRG expression level was much higher in tumor tissues and cells than normal tissues and cells. CONCLUSION:The novel gene CCRG expressed highly in the renal carcinoma, which might play a significant role in the renal carcinogenesis.     

The transdifferentiation of Sca-1+ cells from murine fetal liver

AIM:To explore transdifferentiation potential of Sca-1⁺ cells from murine fetal liver. METHODS:2×10³ of Sca-1⁺ cells from male murine fetal liver were transfused into female mouse irradiated lethally with γ ray from ⁶⁰ Co source (10 Gy) via tail vein. Two months later, FISH and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the situation for transdifferentiating of the donor cells (male cells) in tissues of female recipient mouse. RESULTS:The renal tubular epitheliocyte-like and neurocyte-like cells with Y chromosome were found on the sections of renal and brain tissues from female recipient mice. These cells have phenotype characteristics of RCA⁺/CD₄₅^-F_4/80^- and NueN⁺/CD₄₅^-F_4/80^-, respectively. CONCLUSION:The evidence is provided for Sca-1⁺ cells from murine fetal liver to transdifferentiate into both renal and brain tissue cells.     

碳酸氢根和铵态氮共同对菜豆生长及养分吸收的影响

 以菜豆为材料进行水培试验, 探讨了高浓度NH₄⁺-N与HCO₃^-共存介质对菜豆生长发育及其营养吸收的影响, 结果表明: ①以HCO₃^--N 为主要氮源时, 菜豆生长状况最好; 以NH₄⁺-N为主要氮源且无HCO₃^-存在时, 培养前期菜豆根系就发生受害现象, 叶片出现萎蔫; 但加入HCO₃^-后, 随着营养液中HCO3- 浓度从0 升高到13. 0 mmol/L , 菜豆长势逐渐改善, 表明HCO₃^-与NH4+ 以较合适的比例共存于介质中可明显减轻二者非共存对菜豆生长的抑制作用。② 同一处理, 菜豆整株对主要营养元素吸收量的次序为: N > K> P > Ca >Mg > Fe >Mn , 以NH4+2N 为主要氮源时, 随HCO₃^-浓度升高, 菜豆对N、P、Ca、Mn 的吸收量逐渐增大。③以NO_3^--N 为主要氮源, P、Fe、Mn 元素在根部出现累积, 而以NH₄⁺-N为主要氮源时, 随HCO₃^-浓度增加, N、P、Ca、Mn 在根部亦有累积现象。     

Activation of renal tubular epithelial cells by monocytes/macrophages and the relative mechanisms

AIM: To observe the direct effects of peripheral blood monocytes/macrophages (MO/MAC) on renal tubular epithelial cells (RTEC),and further probe into the possible mechanisms. METHODS: Conditioned medium(M-CM) of human peripheral blood MO/MAC was collected and added to HK-2,a human renal proximal tubular cell line.After incubation with M-CM for 24 hours,HK-2 cells were detected for DNA synthesis by [³H]-TdR incorporation,osteopontin (OPN) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression by Western blot,and fibronectin(FN) secretion by ELISA.Furthermore,anti-TGFβ₁ neutralizing antibody and interlukin-10(IL-10) were used separately to antagonize the effects of M-CM on HK-2 cells. RESULTS: ①DNA synthesis,α-SMA expression and FN secretion were all increased in HK-2 cells when incubated with M-CM.②When adding with anti-TGFβ₁ neutralizing antibody (5 mg/L) in the M-CM,the degree of upregulation of α-SMA and FN in HK-2 cells was much lower than that stimulated by M-CM alone.③M-CM added with IL-10 (20 μg/L) had a weaker ability to induce the increasing in α-SMA expression and FN excretion in HK-2 cells, compared with M-CM itself alone.M-CM from MO/MAC preincubated with IL-10 caused a lower upregulation of α-SMA expression in HK-2 cells than M-CM from non-preincubated MO/MAC. CONCLUSION: MO/MAC can directly induce proliferation,transdifferentiation and extracellular matrix secretion in RTEC.TGFβ₁ and proinflammatory cytokines secreted by MO/MAC might be involved in the aboveeffects.     

菜豆新品种将军油豆的选育

将军油豆是以农家品种大马掌为母本 ,家雀蛋为父本人工杂交后系统选育而成。中熟 ,蔓生 ,从播种到采收 6 5d(天 ) ,生长势强 ,嫩荚绿色 ,扁条形 ,荚尖部有红条纹 ,平均荚长 2 0cm ,荚宽 2 .4cm ,单荚质量 2 4g ,纤维少 ,肉质面 ,属典型的东北优质油豆角类型。抗炭疽病、锈病 ,适应性广 ,春秋皆可种植 ,露地、保护地兼用     

Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in IL-1β-stimulated mesangial cells is medicated by NF-κB/IκB signal pathway

AIM: To investigate the role of NF-κB/IκB signal pathway in the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in human mesangial cells (HMC). METHODS: The PGE₂ concentration in supernatants of HMC was measured by radioimmunoassay. COX-2 mRNA and protein expression were determined by RT-PCR and Western blot. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and Western blot were used to detect the activity of NF-κB and degradation of IκB. RESULTS: IL-1β significantly upregulated COX-2 expression and PGE₂ production in HMC. Significant up-regulation of NF-κB activation, nuclear translocation of p65 subunit, and degradation of IκB α and IκB β were observed in IL-1β-induced HMC. CONCLUSION: Expression of COX-2 in IL-1β-induced HMC is mediated by NF-κB/IκB signal pathway.     

Radioligand binding assay of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney during ischemic and reperfusion

AIM: To observe the change of insulin receptor in rabbit kidney with acute ischemic-reperfusion injury. METHODS: 15 Japanese white rabbits were allocated randomly into control group, ischemic-reperfusion group(IR group). IR group received clamping for 1 h followed by 2 h or 48 h of reperfusion. At 2 h or 48 h after reperfusion, glucose and insulin in serum were determined. Insulin receptor in renal tissue was analyzed by radioligand binging assay(BAD). RESULTS: The level of serum glucose increased after 2 h reperfusion in 2 groups, but in IR group the value increased much more higher than those in control groups(P＜0.05). Plasma insulin of IR group was significantly higher than that in control after 2 h reperfusion(P＜0.05). Scatchard analysis of data resulted in curvilinear profiles, indicating that there are two classes of receptors with different affinity or the presence of a single class of receptors with a negative cooperative hormone-receptor interaction. Data analyzed for a two-site model showed that the values of Bmax₁(high affinity site), Bmax₂(low affinity site) and Kd₁, Kd₂ were significantly lower than that of control (P＜0.05) after 2 h perfusion. 48 h after IR there was no difference of Bmax₁, Bmax₂, and Kd₁ between 2 groups,but Kd₂ of IR group was higher than that of control (P＜0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the effect of intrinsic insulin decreases in the progress of the renal ischemic-reperfusion. The resulting high serum glucose may aggravate renal injury in the progress of ischemic-reperfusion.     

Influence of irbesarten on renal hypertrophy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats LIU Bi-cheng,LUO Dong-dong,ZHANG Xiao-liang.

AIM: To investigate the influence of irbesartan (Irb), a new angiotensin II receptor 1 antagonist, on renal hypertrophy in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal group (Group N, n=7), diabetic group (Group DN, n=6) and irbesartan treated group (Group DNI, n=7). In the experimental group, after the rats subjected to uninephrectomy, STZ was given by peritoneally injection at bolus dose of 50 mg/kg to induce diabetes. Blood glucose (BG), body weight (BW), urinary albumin excretion (Ualb), 24 hour proteinuria (24 h Upro) were measured at week 4, 8, 12, respectively. By the end of experiment at week 12, creatinine clearance (Ccr), kidney weight (KW), indicator of renal hypertrophy (KW/BW), renal total protein content (RTP), glomerular area (AG) and glomerular volume (VG) as well as glomerular basement membrane (GBM) were determined by semi-quantitative pathology technique. RESULTS: It was showed that there was no significant difference in BG between group DN and DNI, while Irb significantly reduced the increasing of Ualb, 24 h Upro in diabetic rats compared to control group (P＜0.01, respectively). Furthermore, Irb markedly inhibited the increasing of KW, KW/BW, RTP, A_G, V_G in diabetic rats (P＜0.05, P＜0.01, respectively). Of interest, Irb significantly prevented the increasing of GBM in diabetic rats. CONCLUSION: Irb exerts its early renal protective action by reducing proteinuria and inhibiting renal hypertrophy as well as the thickening of GBM.     

Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound Examination for the Assessment of Renal Perfusion in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease

Background

Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound examination (CEUS) is a functional imaging technique allowing noninvasive assessment of tissue perfusion. Studies in humans show that the technique holds great potential to be used in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, data in veterinary medicine are currently lacking.

Objectives

To evaluate renal perfusion using CEUS in cats with CKD.

Animals

Fourteen client‐owned cats with CKD and 43 healthy control cats.

Methods

Prospective case‐controlled clinical trial using CEUS to evaluate renal perfusion in cats with CKD compared to healthy control cats. Time‐intensity curves were created, and perfusion parameters were calculated using off‐line software. A linear mixed model was used to examine differences between perfusion parameters of cats with CKD and healthy cats.

Results

In cats with CKD, longer time to peak and shorter mean transit times were observed for the renal cortex. In contrast, a shorter time to peak and rise time were seen for the renal medulla. The findings for the renal cortex indicate decreased blood velocity and shorter total duration of enhancement, likely caused by increased vascular resistance in CKD. Increased blood velocity in the renal medulla has not been described before and may be because of a different response to regulatory factors in cortex and medulla.

Conclusions and Clinical Importance

Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound examination was capable of detecting perfusion changes in cats with CKD. Further research is warranted to assess the diagnostic capabilities of CEUS in early stage of the disease process.