Decreased transport of orally administered protein into the blood circulation of developing juveniles of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica

ABSTRACT: To clarify the quantitative changes in the transport of orally intubated protein into the blood circulation as macromolecules in development, immunoglobulin Y (IgY) extracted from chicken eggs was administered orally to juvenile Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica . For the first experiment, which was performed before the commencement of artificial feeding, the oral delivery of 2.0 μg/0.1 g bodyweight of IgY resulted in a rapid increase in plasma IgY to a maximum of 2.30 μg/mL. However, the transport of IgY into the blood decreased significantly in the experiments that followed, which were performed after 12, 25 and 42 days. During this period, bodyweight increased approximately by a factor of eight, and rapid growth of the stomach was observed histologically. Possible contributions for the development of the alimentary canal to the diminishment of intestinal protein assimilation are discussed.     

Grouped, stacked rods and tapeta lucida in the retina of Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus

ABSTRACT: Morphology of the photoreceptor cells and tapetum of the Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus was studied by histologically and by chemical analysis. The Japanese anchovy has a duplex retina. The cones form parallel rows consisting of alternately placed long cones and bifid cones. Both types of cones are intimately associated and form triple units that are regularly spaced along the row of cones. The rods are grouped and stacked. This fish has a retinal tapetum lucidum composed of guanine and hypoxanthine. Three structures of the tapetum lucidum were recognized: platelet, diamond and rod types. Photomechanical changes include movements of the photoreceptor cells and the retinal tapetum. The retina of the Japanese anchovy is thought to be highly sensitive and well adapted to a dim light environment.     

Questionnaire-based study on consumer requirements for beef quality in Japan

A questionnaire study examining Japanese consumers’ requirements for beef quality was carried out in April 2002 in Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. Answers from 532 participants were used for the statistical analysis. Twenty questions about sensory properties, appearance, safety and freshness, production area, price, and other properties were prepared. The answers were applied to principal component analysis. Five principal components were obtained and defined, and the principle component scores were used to classify participants. The panels were classified into four groups profiled as ‘specific quality orientated’, ‘Wagyu (Japanese beef) orientated’, ‘safety and freshness orientated’ and ‘overall high quality orientated’. In addition, gender and age characteristics were different among the groups. Sensory properties did not affect the classification of respondents.     

日本古典园林植物配置的图解分析

本文阐述了日本古典园林中的配置植物种类以及日本人对植物选择的偏好。此基础之上,通过抽象图解的方式,对日本园林所运用的植物配置手法进行了现代视角的分析,并总结提出4条植物配置的主要特色：对植物进行造型修剪;“七五三”韵律模式：和动态平衡的构图方式;追求淡雅的色彩效果。     

鳗弧菌L-18株的限铁条件和铁调节外膜蛋白的免疫效果研究

利用Western-blot技术,对鳗弧菌L-18株的OMPs和IROMPs的免疫反应性进行了分析,并通过免疫牙鲆比较二者免疫保护力的差异,以期从IROMPs方向探索开发鳗弧菌新型鱼用疫苗,并为研究其免疫原理提供重要的科学依据。结果表明,培养基中加入不同浓度的联铁剂,鳗弧菌L-18株的生长和铁载体的表达出现规律性变化,其中加入100~130μmol·L-1 2,2’-联吡啶为最适合限铁条件,此时铁载体的表达量最高且生长受抑制程度较小。在此条件下,菌株表达出74.3ku和77.4ku的IROMPs,其中77.4ku蛋白具有免疫反应性,为重要抗原。用全菌灭活疫苗、OMPs、IROMPs分别腹腔注射免疫牙鲆7周后攻毒, IROMPs疫苗的相对免疫保护力达到75.9%,远高于OMPs疫苗的51.8%。相对于OMPs,IROMPs的抗体效价显著提高,接近全菌疫苗组的水平,而血清杀菌活力没有显著变化。 关键词：鳗弧菌;铁调节外膜蛋白;牙鲆     

Prey selection of common minke (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and Bryde's (Balaenoptera edeni) whales in the western North Pacific in 2000 and 2001

A study of common minke and Bryde's whales was conducted in the western North Pacific in the 2000 and 2001 summer seasons to estimate prey selection of cetaceans as this is an important parameter in ecosystem models. Whale sighting and sampling surveys and prey surveys using quantitative echosounder and mid‐water trawl were carried out concurrently in the study. Biomasses of Japanese anchovy, walleye pollock and krill, which were major prey species of common minke and Bryde's whales, were estimated using an echosounder. The results suggested that common minke whale showed prey selection for Japanese anchovy while they seemed to avoid krill in both the offshore and coastal regions and walleye pollock in the continental shelf region. Selection for shoaling pelagic fish was similar to that in the eastern North Atlantic. Bryde's whale showed selection for Japanese anchovy in August 2000 and July 2001, while it showed prey selection for krill in May and June in 2001.     

牙鲆盾纤毛虫病的药物防治试验

试验结果表明:CH3OH(>400.0×10-6)和CuSO4(淡水条件下)对牙鲆盾纤毛虫病有较好的杀除效果;结合使用中草药"盾纤虫清"能彻底治愈此病。淡水浸泡、H2O2、KMnO4等方法可杀死牙鲆体内盾纤毛虫。     

Effects of feeding different levels of concentrate on growth and carcass characteristics in younger Japanese Black cattle

The effects of a higher concentrate feed during the raising period on the growth and carcass of Japanese Black cattle being fattened at a younger age were investigated using three pairs of artificially bred identical twins and three pairs of full‐sibs. The animals were fed the concentrate at 2.4%/day (2.4% group) and 1.2%/day (1.2% group) comparative bodyweight (BW) during the raising period. The BW and subcutaneous fat thickness were measured every month using ultrasonic equipment. The animals were slaughtered at the age of 24 months. The BW of the 2.4% group from the age of 6–10 months appeared to be higher than that of the 1.2% group (P < 0.1). The subcutaneous fat of the 2.4% group from the age of 7–11 months was thicker than that of the 1.2% group (P < 0.1). After those ages, the BW and subcutaneous fat of the two groups did not differ and there was no difference in the carcass characteristics between the two groups. Using a higher concentrate feed during the raising period for younger fattening of Japanese Black cattle influenced growth from the late half of the raising period to the early part of the fattening period.     

自噬调节剂对感染日本脑炎病毒小鼠脑部细胞凋亡的影响

旨在研究自噬调控药物对感染日本脑炎病毒(Japanese encephalitis virus,JEV)小鼠脑部细胞凋亡的影响,本试验建立自噬调控药物处理的感染日本脑炎病毒小鼠的动物模型,其中,雷帕霉素为自噬诱导剂,渥漫青霉素及氯喹为自噬抑制剂.实验动物分成8组:DMEM对照组(Control);JEV感染组(JEV)...