数字农业+特色民俗文化推动农村产业创新初探

当前,我国农村产业业态发展过程中暴露出一系列问题,如数字要素与农业要素融合水平不高、相关领域专业人才匮乏、农业生产经营布局不合理等,这些问题阻碍了我国农村产业的持续发展,也不利于我国“农业强国”目标的实现。本文基于数字农业与特色民俗文化融合视角,探索创新农村产业业态的方案,以期对农村现代化建设有所帮助。     

网络信息组织方法

本文介绍了应用于网络信息组织众多方法中比较常用的四种:数字化图书馆、主题网关、书目控制、信息网格。     

Successful reduction of a monozygotic equine twin pregnancy via transabdominal ultrasound‐guided cardiac puncture

In horses, twin pregnancy is pathological and represents a potentially life‐threatening condition to the mare and foal. Twinning occurs in approximately 2% of pregnancies. Of these, the majority of cases are dizygotic twins, resulting from 2 ovulations and monozygotic twins are rare. A 12‐year‐old Quarter Horse mare was presented for breeding management with shipped cooled semen and embryo transfer. Seven days post ovulation, a single late morula/early blastocyst was recovered and transferred immediately to a recipient mare. Thirty‐six days after transfer, transrectal ultrasound examination revealed the presence of 2 embryos. A transcutaneous reduction of one of the fetuses was performed successfully at 128 days of gestation. This report is the first to describe a successful reduction of monozygotic twins by transcutaneous ultrasound‐guided cardiac puncture.     

Some Thoughts on Deep Digital Flexor Tenotomy

Deep digital flexor tenotomy is becoming increasingly popular as part of the treatment regimen for laminitis. The rationale for performing a tenotomy is based on the severity of the rotation of the third phalanx (coffin bone) in chronic laminitis cases with the goal of realigning the coffin bone relative to the ground. The procedure is safely performed in the mid-cannon bone and pastern regions. The farrier is an integral member of the treatment team in providing mechanical support to the foot after the surgical procedure.     

Digital Agenesia in Martina Franca Donkey Foal: A Case Report

A 4-day-old male Martina Franca donkey foal was evaluated for a forelimb alteration. Clinical examination and radiographs revealed the agenesia of the distal digit. Biochemical parameters were normal, and ultrasonographic evaluation did not identify any relievable organ alteration. Karyotype study revealed an abnormality on chromosome 1. The foal was discharged with a distal limb bandage in which a palmar splint was applied. A poor prognosis for the functionality of the limb was given. In endangered species, such as the Martina Franca donkey, the excessive inbreeding could result in an increase in genetic disorders. These findings shed new light on the possible pathogenesis of the digital dysgenesia. The study of the karyotype could be a useful approach to detect genetic alterations that could or could not be expressed in the animal, especially in endangered species in which a risk of an excessive inbreeding is considerable. These defects should be considered in the choice and selection of the breeders.     

Left abomasal displacement between the uterus and rumen during bovine twin pregnancy

Here, we describe two cases of left displaced abomasum (LDA) in Holstein cattle at 6 and 9 months of twin gestation. Clinical examination revealed signs of proximal ileus with marked abdominal distension, but no ping sounds. An unusually high position of the gravid uterine horn on the left side was observed with ultrasound. Left exploratory laparotomy confirmed that the abomasum was displaced to the left and entrapped between the rumen and twin gravid uterine horn. A left surgical approach was necessary to correct the condition. Both animals recovered and gave birth to healthy twins. The present cases indicate that the subomental position of a heavy twin gravid uterine horn is a possible mechanical cause of LDA.     

A Comparative Study of Non-contact Infrared and Digital Rectal Thermometer Measurements of Body Temperature in the Horse

Equine body temperature taken with a non-contact infrared thermometer (NCIT) does not correlate well with the equine body temperature taken with a digital rectal thermometer (DRT), when it comes to absolute temperatures. There is significant variation in body temperature readings depending on the site at which the temperature was taken. NCIT may still may have, in that it does seem to be able to reliably detect when temperatures are more than that which is clinically normal, and does not seem to give falselyelevated readings in clinically normal horses. In horses that resent having their temperatures taken rectally, the NCIT seems to offer the equine clinician a quick and easy way to at least determine whether the horse's temperature is at or more than normal, even if it does not agree with DRT results.     

开展我国数字草地建设

随着我国数字农业研究与建设的深化,数字草地的研究与建设也迫在眉睫.开展我国数字草地建设不仅是数字农业发展的需要,而且也是草业科技创新之急需.为此,主要从六个方面讨论了我国数字草地建设(1)建设的必要性;(2)发展数字草地的可能性;(3)建设的指导思想、基本原则和目标;(4)数字草地建设体系结构;(5)数字草地建设的内容;(6)数字草地建设的保障措施.     

基于物联网实时数据的交互式虚拟现代农业园区平台软硬件构建及应用

本文利用虚拟现实/混合现实/增强现实/数字孪生等主流多媒体交互技术融入农业生产、生态、生活场景中,从北京都市型现代农业发展进程中的设施农业调控、会展农业体验、休闲农业观光、现代农业展示的各方面入手,通过获取农业物联网数据、农业园区场景数据、农作物生长点云数据等多种信息化数据,构建基于物联网实时数据的交互式虚拟休闲农业园区平台,基于平台软件,根据不同的实际需求、环境条件,配置研发满足政府、专家、市民、农民、学生等受众对于智慧化农事活动体验、农业科普知识传播、农业园区展示规划、农业景观重构展现等要求的体验设备,为设施农园、休闲农庄、农业机构等提供完整的多媒体农业信息化交互体验解决方案,达到节本增效、增收致富、知识普及、休闲观光、提升信息化水平的目的。     

基于离散傅立叶变换的水稻作物数字图像压缩技术研究

[目的]研究水稻监控系统中的数字图像压缩技术。[方法]提出了一种基于离散傅立叶变换的数字图像压缩技术方案,并通过仿真试验对图像进行了不同压缩比的压缩。[结果]对于压缩比在30以内的数字图像的压缩,衡量编码压缩质量的5个参数(压缩比、图像的熵、平均码字长度、编码效率、冗余度)和评价压缩图像逼真度的参数(PSNR)均达到较好效果,人眼几乎不能分辨出解压缩图像和原始图像之间的差异;在压缩比超过30的数字图像的压缩上,解压缩图像存在一定的失真。当压缩比为91.516 3时,虽然图像有一定的失真,但PSNR仍能达到21.528 2,从直观上人眼在一定的误差范围内仍能接受解压缩图像。[结论]该研究结果表明提出的图像压缩方案是一种可行的、有效的、较好的图像压缩技术,完全可以满足农作物监控系统中图像存储、交换与传输的要求。